Cccla Nms Pathology Iii Exam Ii

Front 1

Atrophy of muscles of the face, ptosis, stiffness, difficulty in releasing hand grips, frontal balding, gonadal atrophy are frequent findings with this type of muscular dystrophy.

Back 1

Myotonic

Front 2

chromosome #5

Back 2

Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Front 3

Mutations involving voltage gated calcium channel

Back 3

hypocalemic

Front 4

Pseudohypertrophy of calf muscles

Back 4

Duchene

Front 5

Deficiencies involving mitochondrial dehydrogenase

Back 5

Lipid Myopathy

Front 6

blotchy red appearing muscle fibers in the form of ragged

Back 6

mitochondrial myopathies

Front 7

Rhabdomyolisis and accompanying myoglobinuria

Back 7

ethanol myopathy

Front 8

hyperphosphorylated tau protein aggregates are commonly found in the in the cytoplasm of myofibers of patients with?

Back 8

inclusion body myositis

Front 9

Rosenthal fibers are commonly seen in astrocytes of patients with

Back 9

Alexander Disease

Front 10

What astrocytes occur mainly in the gray matter of the brain?

Back 10

Protoplasmic

Front 11

Dorso-lateral aspect of the penis

Back 11

Pyronie Disease

Front 12

metabolic buffers, detoxifiers, suppliers of nutrients within the brain

Back 12

Astrocytes

Front 13

what type of herniation occurs with asymmetric expansion of of a cerebral hemisphere displaces the cingulate gyrus under the faulx cerebri

Back 13

Sublfacine

Front 14

Frequently arises in the mesentery or pelvic walls often in patients with Gardners' Syndrome.

Back 14

Intra-abdominal Desmoid Tumor

Front 15

Enlargement of a portion of of ventricular system due to a mass in the third ventricle will produce what type of hydrocephalus?

Back 15

Non-communicating

Front 16

Rupture of Charcot Bouchard Aneurysm is an important cause of this form of intra-cranial hemorrhage.

Back 16

Intra-Parenchymal

Front 17

These patients frequently have viral inclusions in the oligodendroglia cells

Back 17

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

JC Virus

Front 18

This Fungus is frequently implicated in vasculitis within the central nervous system.

Back 18

Aspergillus Fumigatus

Front 19

muscle biopsy of the lesion in ______ type of of muscular dystrophy frequently shows a decrease of Dystrophin Molecules.

Back 19

Becker

Front 20

Frequently, patients with myasthenia gravis have abnormalities associated with___?

Back 20

Thymus Gland

Front 21

A translocation b/n chromosomes 2 and 13

Back 21

Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcomas

Front 22

Leads to increase in intracranial pressure

Back 22

All of the above:
1) Astrocytoma
2) Multiple cerebral ecchymotic hemorrhages
3) Cerebral Herniation

Front 23

fast twitch muscle fibers

Back 23

Type II muscle fibers

Front 24

Female, 40, 0.5 cm soft tissue mass in left elbow, biphasic histological pattern consisting of cuboidal epithelial and spindle shaped mesenchymal cells

Back 24

Synovial Sarcomas

Front 25

Sustained involuntary contraction of a group of muscles is the cardinal symptom of this disease. patients complain of not being able to release their grip after a handshake

Back 25

Myotonic type of muscular dystrophy

Front 26

Cerebral infarcts associated with with ______ occlusions are considered to be hemorrhagic.

Back 26

Embolic

Front 27

The gene for prion protein (PRNP) is located on chromosome ____?

Back 27

20

Front 28

Female, 64, 0.5 cm mass, benign, and the most common kind of soft tissue tumor.

Back 28

Lipoma

Front 29

Parking lot inclusions

Back 29

Mitochondrial Myopathy

Front 30

Obliterative endocarditis, of meningeal blood vessels, and atrophy of the posterior columns of the spinal cord

Back 30

Tabes Dorsalis

Front 31

Non-productive infections of the CNS by a virus has been implicated in the genesis of:___?

Back 31

Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

Front 32

Infection of CNS with ___ frequently leads to severe hemorrhagic necrotizing ventriculoencephalitis

Back 32

CMV

Front 33

the lesions in ________ are very common in the deep gray matter structures like the caudate and putamen.

Back 33

Creutzfeldt -Jacob - Disease

Front 34

rash like red patches on the knuckles, elbows, wrist, knees, and chest.

Back 34

Dermatomyositis

Front 35

What are the two types of secondary active transport?

Back 35

Cotransport/symport -- solutes move in same direction across the cm
Countertransport/antiport -- solutes move in opposite directions

Front 36

Intra cellular vacuoles in neurons and glia cells are the most common histological finding in lesions associated with _____?

Back 36

Prion Diseases

Front 37

which muscle fibers are high in myoglobulin and oxidative enzymes

Back 37

type 1

Front 38

The pathogenesis of this disease involves hypersensitivity type II reaction

Back 38

Myasthenia Gravis

Front 39

Papilledema is an important manifestation associated with __?

Back 39

Increased intracranial pressure

Front 40

Soft tissue tumors are often found at this location.

Back 40

Lower extremities, especially the thighs

Front 41

Pale or bland cerebral infarcts are usually associated with_____?

Back 41

Thrombotic occlusions

Front 42

the most common cause of acute Pyogenic (Bacterial) Meningitis among adolescents and young adults

Back 42

Neisseria Meningitis

Front 43

Area of Demyelination with destruction of White Matter in the brain are the most common finding in the brain of patients with?

Back 43

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

Front 44

The most common cause of primary brain intraparenchymal hemorrhage.

Back 44

Hypertension

Front 45

Epidural Hematomas are common due to traumatic lacerations or rupture involving what?

Back 45

Middle Meningeal Artery

Front 46

Giant Cell Tumor of the tendon sheath is commonly seen to occur at the

Back 46

wrists and fingers

Front 47

What is characterized by Myxoid Degeneration of the connective tissue?

Back 47

Ganglion

Front 48

The most common location where contusion injury occurs is ___________ in the CNS.

Back 48

The Frontal /Temporal lobe

Front 49

Often occurs in Adults on the Volar aspect of the arm.

Back 49

Nodular Fascitis

Front 50

In general, if the head is immobile,at the time of trauma, what type of injuries usually occur?

Back 50

Coup Injuries

Front 51

Tadpole or Strap Cells

Back 51

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Front 52

Papiledema is an important manifestation in what?

Back 52

Increased Intracranial pressure

Front 53

Spindle Shaped Cells growing in a herringbone fashion.

Back 53

Fibroma Sarcoma

Front 54

A degenerative Disease characterized by striking atrophy of the caudate nucleus

Back 54

Huntington Disease

Front 55

Peyronie Disease is a type of?

Back 55

Superficial Fibromatosis

Front 56

Mutations leading to abnormalities of the of the carnitine transport system.

Back 56

Lipid Myopathies

Front 57

Cigar shaped nuclei.

Back 57

Leiomyoma

Front 58

Leiomyomas are common in?

Back 58

Sexually reproductive women

Front 59

Tumors of smooth muscle

Back 59

Leiomyoma - Benign

Leiomyosarcoma -

Front 60

Leiomyomas are most often seen in _____ and on the skin.

Back 60

women

Front 61

painless and benign except for on the peritoneum

Back 61

Leiomyoma

Front 62

5cm to 25cm in size

Back 62

(Synovial Sarcoma)

Synovioma

Front 63

Chromosomal translocation on #10 and #18

Malignant

Back 63

(Synovial Sarcoma)

Synovioma

Front 64

Biphasic:

Epithelial and Spindle shaped cells

Back 64

(Synovial Sarcoma)

Synovioma

Front 65

Mutations leading to abnormalities of the carnitine transport system are involved in the pathogenesis of?

Back 65

Lipid Myopathies

Front 66

Mutations leading to abnormalities of the of the carnitine transport system.

Back 66

Lipid Myopathies

Front 67

Cigar shaped nuclei.

Back 67

Leiomyoma

Front 68

Leiomyomas are common in?

Back 68

Sexually reproductive women

Front 69

Tumors of smooth muscle

Back 69

Leiomyoma - Benign

Leiomyosarcoma - malignant

Front 70

Leiomyomas are most often seen in _____ and on the skin

Back 70

women

Front 71

Spinal muscular atrophy AKA

Back 71

Infantile motor neuron disease

Front 72

Lesion in chromosome #5

Back 72

Spinal muscular atrophy

Front 73

Mutations leading to the abnormalities of the carnitine transport system are involved in the pathogenesis of

Back 73

Lipid Myopathies

Front 74

The phenomenon of Neurophalgia is associated with activities relating to ?

Back 74

Microglial cells

Front 75

leads to an increase in the intra cranial pressure

Back 75

cerebral edema

cerebral herniation

Front 76

Dystrophin is needed in the function o?

Back 76

striated muscle

Front 77

Absence of Dystrophin

Back 77

Duchene Muscular Dystrophy

Front 78

Pelvic muscles first, then Shoulder and Calf

Atrophy/Pseudohypertrophy of Calf muscle

Back 78

Duchene Muscular Dystrophy

Front 79

Locomotor Ataxia is an important finding in patients who have this form of Neuro

Back 79

Tabes Dorsalis

Front 80

Reduced level of Dystrophin

Back 80

Becker Muscular Dystrophy

Front 81

characterized by myotonia - a sustained involuntary contraction of a group of muscles.

Back 81

Myotonic type of Muscular Dystrophy

Front 82

What cells are considered to give rise to the rod cells seen in one of the forms of neurosyphilis?

Back 82

Microglia

Front 83

Repeat expansion of CTG nucleotide on chromosome 19

Back 83

Myotonic type of Muscular Dystrophy

Front 84

O - Ring Appearance in the center of the muscle fiber

Back 84

Myotonic type of Muscular Dystrophy

Front 85

atrophy of muscles of the face, ptosis, cataracts, balding in the front, decreased IgG in blood, testicular atrophy, abnormal glucose tolerance test, cardiomyopathy, and sometimes Dementia.

Back 85

Myotonic type of Muscular Dystrophy

Front 86

involved with mutations of the sarcoglycan complex disease

Back 86

Myotonic type of Muscular Dystrophy

Lymph - girdle

Front 87

characterized by myotonia - a sustained involuntary contraction of a group of muscles.

Back 87

Myotonic type of Muscular Dystrophy

Front 88

What cells are considered to give rise to the rod cells seen in one of the forms of neurosyphilis?

Back 88

Microglia

Front 89

Repeat expansion of CTG nucleotide on chromosome 19

Back 89

Myotonic type of Muscular Dystrophy.

Lymph - girdle

Front 90

O - Ring Appearance in the center of the muscle fiber

Back 90

Myotonic type of Muscular Dystrophy

Lymph - girdle

Front 91

atrophy of muscles of the face, ptosis, cataracts, balding in the front, decreased IgG in blood, testicular atrophy, abnormal glucose tolerance test, cardiomyopathy, and sometimes Dementia.

Back 91

Myotonic type of Muscular Dystrophy

Lymph - girdle

Front 92

itchy face

Back 92

FascioScapuloHumeral Muscular Dystrophy

Front 93

Necrosis of muscles

Back 93

Myopathies

Front 94

Inflammation of muscles

Back 94

Myositis

Front 95

Inflammation and necrosis of muscles

Back 95

Inflammatory Myopathies

Front 96

Myopathies due to inborn errors of Metabolism

Back 96

1) Lipid Myopathies

2) Mitochondrial Myopathy

Front 97

Derangement in the Carnitine transport system. Fatty acid cannot be broken down.

Back 97

Lipid Myopathy

Front 98

Deficiency of Mitochondrial dehydrogenase

Back 98

Lipid Myopathy

Front 99

Fribrillary Gliosis with few oligodendrocytes and no myelin are characteristic findings in the white matter of the of the white matter of the affected brain of patients with

Back 99

multiple sclerosis

Front 100

Stain for lipids

Back 100

1) Oil Red O

2) Sudan Red

Both produce a red/pink appearance

Front 101

Maternal problem 16-14 yrs of age affecting mitochondrial DNA.

Muscle fibers have a ragged red fiber appearance

Back 101

Oxidative phosphorylation disease

Front 102

Parking lot inclusions

Back 102

Oxidative phosphorylation disease

AKA

Mitochondrial Myopathy

Front 103

Oxidative phosphorylation disease

AKA

Back 103

Mitochondrial Myopathy

Front 104

fibrillary gliosis with few oligodendocytes and no myelin are characteristic findings in the white matter of the affected brain of patients with ?

Back 104

Multiple Sclerosis

Front 105

Putamen is most commonly involved with

Back 105

Wilson's Disease

Front 106

Sustained involuntary contraction of a group of muscles is the cardinal neuromuscular symptom of this disease. Difficulty in releasing their grip following a handshake

Back 106

Myotonic type of Muscular Dystrophy

Front 107

Voltage gated calcium channel affected

Back 107

Hypokalemia

Front 108

Emboli in the central nervous system most often occlude the

Back 108

middle cerebral artery

Front 109

Thyrotoxic Myopathy

Back 109

Exophthalmic ophthalmoplegia

Front 110

Ethanol Myopathy

Back 110

myoblobinuria,
increased LDH ISO IV

Front 111

Hormone or Steroid myopathy

Type II muscle fibers affected

Back 111

Cushing's syndrome

Front 112

Type I Muscles affected by anti malarial drug

Back 112

Chloroquine

Front 113

Necrosis and inflammation together

Back 113

Inflammatory myopathies

Front 114

most common soft tissue tumor of adulthood

Back 114

Lipoma

Front 115

spongiform encelphalopathy

Back 115

Kuru

Front 116

Symmetric weakness of proximal muscles starting at the shoulder and moving down

Back 116

Polymyositis

Front 117

Symmetric Lesions on the body skin

Back 117

Dermatomyositis

Front 118

Assymetric lesions frequently involving the extensors of the knee, and flexors of the wrist and fingers

Back 118

Inclusion body myositis

Front 119

Myositis most commonly seen in adults

Back 119

Polymyositis

Front 120

Myositis seen over 50yrs of age
and similar to alzeimer's disease

Back 120

Inclusion body

Front 121

cd8 involved

Back 121

Polymyositsi

Front 122

CD4 involved

Back 122

Dermatomyositis

Front 123

25 % have Jo-1 antibody

Back 123

Dermatomyositis

Front 124

Myositis most commonly seen in adults

Back 124

Polymyositis

Front 125

Myositis seen over 50yrs of age
and similar to alzeimer's disease

Back 125

Inclusion body

Front 126

cd8 involved

Back 126

Polymyositsis and Inclusion body myositis

Front 127

CD4 involved

Back 127

Dermatomyositis

Front 128

25 % have Jo-1 antibody

Back 128

Dermatomyositis

Front 129

Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies termed Hirano Bodies

Back 129

Alzheimer's disease

Front 130

CD8+ Lymphocytes under the Endomycium

Back 130

Polymyositis

Front 131

A bacterium is involved in the etiology of

Back 131

Tabes
Dorsalis

Front 132

Heliotropic discoloration of the upper eyelid and Dusky Red Pathes on the knuckles, wrist and knees

Back 132

Dermatomyositis

Front 133

Groton Lesions

Back 133

Dusky red pathces on knuckle, wrist, and knees in Dermatomyositis

Front 134

CD4 under the Perimycium

Back 134

Dermatomyositis

Front 135

Congestion and hemorrhage in knees, knuckles, and elbows

Back 135

Dermatomyositis

Front 136

Vacuoles in muscles. muscle cells have hyperphosphorylated tau protein and beta amyloid proteins

Back 136

Inclusion body Myositis

Front 137

Selective injury of neurons of type III and Type V of the cerebral cortex is common in the patients with acute

Back 137

Carbon Monoxide toxicity

Front 138

Males are often most often affected in

Back 138

Becker and Duchene Muscular Dystrophy

Front 139

inflammation only

Back 139

Myositis

Front 140

Clostridium

Back 140

Gas Gangrene

Front 141

It is the toxin that produces inflammation

Back 141

Botulinum

Front 142

Diaphragm

Back 142

Trichinella

Front 143

Bacteria

Back 143

Neutrophils

Front 144

Parasites and Allergies

Back 144

Eosinophils

Front 145

Virus

Back 145

Lymphocytes

Front 146

Spirochete which produces Weil Disease

Back 146

Leptosporidum

Front 147

5 signs of inflammation

Back 147

Calor - Heat
Dolor - Pain
Rubor - Redness
Tumor - Swelling
Functio Laesa - Loss of Function

Front 148

Diseases of the NMJ

more common in women

Back 148

Myasethenia Gravis

Lambert Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome

Front 149

Hyperplasia or tumor of Thymus

<40

Back 149

Myasthenia Gravis

Front 150

Ab attach to receptors

Back 150

Myasthenia Gravis

Front 151

Type II hypersensitivity Rxn

Back 151

Myasthenia Gravis

Front 152

Type I muscle fibers involved

Back 152

Myasthenia Gravis

Front 153

muscles of the face, ones that are in constant use

Back 153

Myasthenia Gravis

Front 154

How many neurons?

Back 154

10 to the 11th

Front 155

Red degenaration

eosinophilic appearance

Back 155

Neuronal death

Front 156

Death of a neuron how many hours after ischemia?

Back 156

12 hrs

Front 157

Folding of neurons

Back 157

inclusion bodies

Front 158

micro glia come from?

Back 158

bone marrow

Front 159

Seen in White Matter

Back 159

Fibrillary astrocytes

Front 160

Seen in gray matter

Back 160

Protoploasmic astrocytes

Front 161

Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein

Back 161

attached to blood vessels by Sucker feet or foot processes

Front 162

No Fibroblast in

Back 162

the brain

Front 163

replacement of neurons

Back 163

Fibrillary Gliosis or just Gliosis

by Astrocytes

Front 164

whenever there is hypoxia, hypoglycemia or presence of toxic stimuli

Back 164

Swelling of astrocytes

Front 165

contain a brightly eosinophilic structure in its stem which is abnormal

Rediish/pinkish color

Back 165

Rosenthal fibers

Front 166

Rosenthal fibers are seen ion two conditions

Back 166

1) Long standing Gliosis
2) Pilocytic Astrocytoma

Front 167

Basophilic structures within the astrocytes stem and body

Buish - purple color

Back 167

Corporea Amylacea

Front 168

Coporea Replaceable seen in what conditions?

Back 168

1) Advancing age

2) Degenerative changes within the astrocytes

Front 169

AKA Polyglucosan Bodies

Back 169

Corporea Amylacea

Front 170

Alzheimer type II astrocytes are frequently seen in the _____ whenever there is a high level of ammonia e.g. Cirrhosis in Wilson's Disease?

Back 170

Gray Matter

Front 171

Mitochondria is not working right

Back 171

citruline cycle stopped - urea is not produced. Ammonia instead

Arginine, citruline,

Front 172

Multiple internodes are produced by O

Back 172

ligondendroglial cells

Front 173

single nodes are produced by

Back 173

Schwann cells

Front 174

Sattelite cells gather around myelin sheath

Back 174

Satelitosis

Front 175

Ependymal cells lining Ventricular system

Back 175

CMV

Front 176

MPS

Look like Lymphocytes but do not have too many markers like lymphocytes

Back 176

Mononuclear Phagocytic System

Front 177

Microglial cells replace dead neurons

Back 177

Neuronophagia

Front 178

In a state of Paretic form of neurosyphillis, Microglial cells also become

Back 178

Rod Cells

Front 179

Selective injury of neurons of type III and V of the Cerebral Cortex is common in patients with what type of acute toxicity/exposure?

Back 179

Carbon monoxide

Front 180

Males are mostly affected in what type of Muscular Dystrophy?

Back 180

1) Duchene

2) Becker

Front 181

What type of Rhabdomyosarcoma occurs in individuals who are 10 - 25 years of age?

Back 181

Alveolar

Front 182

which muscles are most often involved with myasthenia gravis?

Back 182

Muscles involved in eye movement

Front 183

Cavernous angiomas are found in

Back 183

the cerebellum

Front 184

Arteriovenous

Back 184

Tortuous

Front 185

Capillary elangiectasis are seen in the

Back 185

Pons

Front 186

Angiomas are

Back 186

Stenosis of capillaries

Front 187

inflammation of CNS is primaqrily from

Back 187

infection

Front 188

inflammation of meninges

Back 188

menangitis

Front 189

inflammmation of brain

Back 189

encephalitis

Front 190

inflammation of meninges and brain

Back 190

meningioencephalitis

Front 191

encephalomyelitis

Back 191

inflammation of brain and spinal cord

Front 192

meningioencephalomyelitis

Back 192

inflammation of the brain, meninges, and spinal cord

Front 193

bacterial infections to the brain, meninges, and spinal cord are primarily

Back 193

hematogenous

Front 194

acute Meningitis

(Septic, Pyogenic, aseptic [virus])

Back 194

due to bacteria or virus

Front 195

meningeal infections always have

Back 195

bacteria or virus in the csf

Front 196

CSF is always cloudy with decrease in glucose and lots of protein and PMN

Back 196

Bacterial infection

Front 197

CSF has SOME cloudiness with normal protein and lots of Lymphocytes

Back 197

Viral infection

Front 198

csf infectionsvery young and very old

Back 198

neisseria monocytogenes

Streptococcus

Front 199

localized bacterial growth

Back 199

localized abcess formation

Front 200

klebsiella?

Back 200

neisseria?

Front 201

Fibrosis always leads to hydrocephalus

Back 201

fibrosis of the meninges

Front 202

acute viral meningitis

Back 202

enterovirus
coxsackie
echovirus
non paralytic form of polio

Front 203

acute focal supporrative

Back 203

Staph or Streptococcus

Front 204

frontal lobe most often affected

Back 204

brain abcesses

Front 205

Seen in Tuberculosis with

Back 205

Obliterative Enarteritis

Front 206

Calcification and hydrocephalus therefore Increased intracranial pressure

Back 206

Tuberculosis

Front 207

cupping of the lymphocytes

Back 207

Syphilis

Front 208

3 stages
neurological state in stage 3

Back 208

Syphilis

Front 209

Neurological Syphilis takes how many years

Back 209

3-5

Front 210

3 stages of Syphilis in the Brain:

Back 210

1) Meningovascular
2) Paretic
3) Locomotor Ataxia

Front 211

Seen in temporal and frontal lobes and also in the base of the brain

Back 211

Meningovascular

Front 212

Thickening of the meninges, paravascular cupping in the form of Obliterative Endarteritis aka: Heubner Arteritis common

Back 212

Meningovascular

Front 213

Gumma formation is seen in the meninges

Back 213

Meningovascular

Front 214

Dementia Sets in

Back 214

Paretic form

Front 215

Few Neurons Left, Gliosis has taken place

Back 215

Windblown cortex or appearance in Paretic Syphilis

Front 216

Microglial cells produce what in Paretic Syphilis

Back 216

Rod Cells in Paretic Syphilis

Front 217

Atrophy of the posterior column of the Dorsal roots

Back 217

Tabes Dorsalis - 3rd stage of Neurosyphyilis

Front 218

Pupil Does Not Dilate

Back 218

Argyle Robertson Pupils - Tabes Dorsalis

Front 219

Charcot Joints

Back 219

Tabes Dorsalis

Front 220

3 stages of Lyme disease, Neurological component in stage?

Back 220

2

Front 221

Borrelia Burgdorferri

Back 221

Lyme Disease

Front 222

Bullseye Lesions

Back 222

Lyme Disease

Front 223

Lymphocytes are commonly seen in what type of infections?

Back 223

Viral

Front 224

Inclusion bodies are also seen in?

Back 224

Viral Infections

Front 225

Perivascular Cuffing

Back 225

Tabes Dorsalis

Front 226

Arbovirus Infection

Back 226

Arthropod Borne infections

(Western Nile, Western Equine, WEE, Lymphocytic Polio Virus etc.

Front 227

Are Arbovirus' DNA or RNA?

Back 227

RNA

Front 228

Always have necrosis of the red neurons, Neuronophagia, Gliosis,

Clinical: Confusion, Delerium, Headache, Stupor, Coma...

Back 228

Arbovirus

Front 229

affects Frontal and Temporal Lobes

Children and young adults

Back 229

Herpes Simplex type I

Front 230

Inclusions in the nucleus of the affected neurons in Herpes simplex type I

Back 230

Cowdry Bodies

Front 231

Meningitis,

60% - 70% on neonates will be infected. Eye Lesions and Herpetic Encephalitis

Inclusions not common

Back 231

Herpes Type II

Front 232

Immunodeficient patients often end up having

Back 232

Acute Hemorrhagic Encephalitis

Front 233

Cytomegalovirus is what kind of Virus?

Back 233

DNA

Front 234

Common in children, extremely common in HIV patients

Back 234

CMV

Front 235

Produces Necrosis around the ventricles and affects the empendymal cells of the ventricles. Produces acute hemorrhagic necrotizing ventriculoencephalitis.

Back 235

CMV

Front 236

Inclusions are intracytoplasmic and in the nucleus

Back 236

CMV

Front 237

Polio virus is what kind of virus

Back 237

Retrovirus (RNA)

Front 238

frequently seen in the anterior horn cells of the motor neurons

Back 238

Polio

Front 239

Motor Cranial nuclei are also affected

Back 239

Poliuo

Front 240

Photophobia

Back 240

Rabies

Front 241

Oligodendrioglial Cells are commonly found in the?

Back 241

White matter

Front 242

(PML)

Back 242

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

Front 243

JC Virus is associated with?

Back 243

PML

Front 244

SSPE

Back 244

Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalovirus

Front 245

SSPE is Associated with patients who have had?

Back 245

Measles Virus

Front 246

Virus intranuclear inclusions are seen

Back 246

SSPE

Front 247

Abnormal hand movements of the hands and feet, coma, death

Back 247

SSPE

Front 248

Nonproductive infection involved with measles.

antivirus does not get produced

Back 248

SSPE

Front 249

Fungus Media

Back 249

Saboror's agar

Front 250

Fungal agents involved in the brain

Back 250

1) Candida Albicans
2) Mucor
3) Aspergillus Fumigatus
4) Cryptococus Neoformans
5) Histoplasma Capsulatum
6) Blastomyces Dermatidis

Front 251

Chronic Meningitis

Back 251

Cryptococcus Neoformans

Front 252

Vasculitis

Back 252

1) Mucor and

2) Aspergillus Fumigatus

Front 253

Parenchymal Invasion

No Inflammation

Back 253

Cryptococus Neoformans

Front 254

Fungus frequently seen in HIV

Back 254

Cryptococus Neoformans

Front 255

The Phenomenon of Satellitosis around the affected neurons is seen due to the accumulation of these cells.

Back 255

Oligodendroglia

Front 256

This illness is preceded by a recent episode of upper respiratory or Mycoplasma infection

Back 256

Acute Necrotizing Hemorrhagic Encephalomyelitis

Front 257

Cardiac Abnormalities are frequent in patients with?

Back 257

Friedreich Ataxia

Front 258

Glial cytoplasmic inclusions typically within the cytoplasm of Oligodendrocytes are common in patients with

Back 258

Multiple System trophy

Front 259

The CSF pressure in Pick Disease is?

Back 259

Normal

Front 260

Loss of Both Upper and Lower Motor Neurons

Back 260

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Front 261

the nigro striatal dopaminergic system is selecteively involved.

Back 261

Parkinson's Disease

Front 262

Argyll Robertson Pupil

Back 262

Tabes Dorsalis

Front 263

Degeneration of the lower brain stem cranial motor nuclei

Back 263

Progressive Bulbar Palsy

Front 264

Manifestations of Memory Disturbances and confabulation are associated in this Thiamine Deficient Patient.

Back 264

Korsakoff Syndrome

Front 265

Maintenance of the blood brain barrier

controlling ion transport and balance in the CNS

Back 265

Astrocytes

Front 266

Fungas frequently involved in the genesis of Parenchymal Invasion and injuries to the CNS

Back 266

Cryptococcus Neoformans

Front 267

Intra cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in ALS

Back 267

Bunina Bodies

Front 268

Lou Gherig's Disease

Back 268

ALS

Front 269

ALS

Back 269

Amyptrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Front 270

Degeneration of Lower Brain stem cranial motor nuclei

Back 270

Progressive Bulbar

Front 271

Deglutation

Back 271

Problems Swallowing

Profressive Bulbar Palsy

Front 272

Kennedy's Syndrome

Back 272

Bulbo Spinal Atrophy

Front 273

Sex Linked

Back 273

Females transmit

Males Have

Front 274

Distal Limb myoatrophy

Fasiculation in muscles of tongue

Degeneration of Lower Brain Stem and Spinal cord

Back 274

Kennedy's Syndrome

Front 275

CAG Repeats

Back 275

Kennedy's Syndrome

Front 276

Androgen receptor gene involved

Back 276

Kennedy's Syndrome

Front 277

Female Features

Gynecomastia

Back 277

Kennedy's Syndrome

Front 278

Genetic Metabolic diseases

Back 278

1) Leukodystrophies
2)

Front 279

Leukodystrophies

Back 279

1) Krabbe Dystrophy
2) Metachromatic Leukodystrophy
3) Adrenoleukodystrophy
4) Pelzaes Mersbacher Disease
5) Canavan Disease

Front 280

Galactosphingosine damages oligodendrioglial cells affecting motor neurons with little myeilin production. death 3-6 months after birth

Back 280

Krabbe disease

Front 281

Chromosome #14

Back 281

Krabbe Diseasse

Front 282

Chromosome # 22

Back 282

Metachromatic Leukodystrophy

Front 283

Sulfatides Accumulate

Back 283

Metachromatic Leukodystrophy

Front 284

Stain for Sulfatides

Back 284

Toluidine Blue

Metachromatic appearance

Front 285

Myelin loss in both peripheral and central nervous system

inability to break down VLCFA ( nvery long chain fatty acids)

Back 285

Adrenoleukodystrophy

Front 286

Protein Proteolipid - myelin prod stopped

"Tigroid Appearance"

Back 286

Pelzaes Merzbacher disease

Front 287

Chromosome # 17

Decreased aspartoacyclase

Back 287

Canavan Disease

Front 288

Subacute necrotizing encephalopathy

Back 288

Mitochondrial Leigh Syndrome

Front 289

decrease in Cytochrome C oxidase

Midbrain

Symmetric destruction of the midbrain

Back 289

Mitochondrial Leigh Syndrome

Front 290

Lactic Acidemia

Death 1 - 2 years

Back 290

Mitochondrial Leigh Syndrome

Front 291

Acquired Metabolic Diseases

Back 291

Hypoglycemia
Hyperglycemia
B1 Deficiency
B12 Deficiency
Hepatic Encelipathy

Front 292

Thiamine

Back 292

B1

Front 293

B1 Deficiency

Back 293

Wernicke - Korsokoff Syndrome

Front 294

Memory and Confabulation

Back 294

Korsokoff

Front 295

Psuchotic episodes

Back 295

Wernicke

Front 296

Any disease of the stomach can produce

Back 296

B1 deficiency

Front 297

Bulimics

Back 297

Wernicke Korsokoff

Front 298

Lesions in the

Back 298

Wernicke Korsokoff

Front 299

Parietal cells produce

Back 299

intrinsic factor

Front 300

Myelin production decreased

Back 300

Subacute combined degen of spinal cord

Front 301

Vacuolar myelopathy is similar to

Back 301

B12 Deficiency

Front 302

B12 Deficiency always have

Back 302

Methylmalonic acid in urine

Front 303

I. Resting tremor

Back 303

Þ Parkinson’s