Ccbc Co-Op Bio Chapter 06

Front 1

cancer

Back 1

unrestrained cell growth that has escaped the normal controls of the cell cycle

Front 2

euploidy

Back 2

A chromosomal change that involves the loss or addition of entire genomes.

Front 3

polyploid

Back 3

Any cell or organism that has multiple genomes

Front 4

aneuploidy

Back 4

The condition in which an organism lacks a chromosome or has an extra chromosome

Front 5

Eugenics

Back 5

"good origins"
Efforts to improve the human gene pool

Front 6

Benign

Back 6

A tumor that does not spread to other parts of the body

Front 7

Cellular differentiation

Back 7

The specialization of cells

Front 8

Gene expression

Back 8

The activation of a gene, resulting in the production of a specific protein

Front 9

Malignant

Back 9

Cancer that spreads beyond the sit of the original tumor

Front 10

Mutation

Back 10

A change in the DNA of an organism

Front 11

Name 3 Methods by which genetic variations can occur

Back 11

1. mutations
2. random fusion of two gametes from all the possible combinations
3. segregation of chromosomes during meiosis

Front 12

somatic mutation

Back 12

a mutation in cells that do not form gametes

Front 13

lethal mutation

Back 13

a mutation that results in the death of the organism

Front 14

germ mutation

Back 14

a mutation in a cell that forms gametes

Front 15

genetic equilibrium

Back 15

the condition in which the allele frequencies within a population do not change

Front 16

Name 3 adverse effects that the addition and deletion mutations have on the cell

Back 16

1. they cause a frame shift
2. they shift all the codons by one
3. they result in codons that code fore different amino acids than the original codones

Front 17

Gene pool

Back 17

all of the alleles that all members of a species can possess

Front 18

Genome

Back 18

a complete haploid set of an organism's chromosomes

Front 19

hybridization

Back 19

the crossbreeding of two genetically unrelated individuals

Front 20

population

Back 20

a group of individuals of the same species that lives in the same area

Front 21

trisomy

Back 21

is the result of the union of a normal gamete with one that has an extra chromosome.
Example: Down Syndrome

Front 22

monosomy

Back 22

is the result of the union of a normal gamete with one that lacks a chromosome
Example: Turner's syndrome

Front 23

Christian Consideration of Eugenics
1.Sanctity of human life

Back 23

- human beings are made in the image of God: this is true of no other organism
- God places a very high value on human life - high enough that He sent His only Son to redeem us.

Front 24

Christian Consideration of Eugenics
2. Dominion mandate

Back 24

- God has given man dominion over the other parts of His creation
- We have the responsibility to be wise stewards.

Front 25

Christian Consideration of Eugenics
3. Salvation through Christ alone

Back 25

- Although eugenics may offer several promising procedures, it is not the answer to man's ultimate porblem, not is it the answer to all of his physical problems.
- No matter how much "power" man may eventually obtain (or think he has obtained), it will never make him good; it can never make him worthy of heaven. Man's problems are a result of his sin, and salvation is found in Christ alone.

Front 26

Carcinogens

Back 26

Substances and agents known to
cause cancer

Front 27

albinism

Back 27

A genetic abnormality resulting in a lack of pigmentation

Front 28

colchisine

Back 28

a poison that disrupts the spindle fibers during cell division, resulting in polyploid cells.