Cbis Terms

Front 1

A-B-C Data

Back 1

"A" stands for antecedents to the behavior. "B" is for the behavior. "C" is for the consequences to the behavior.

Front 2

Absence Seizues

Back 2

There is a transient loss of consciousness. Person may cease physical movement, have loss of attention or stare vacantly. Seizures so brief that may not be recognized.

Front 3

Acquired Brain Injury

Back 3

An injury to the brain occurring after birth that is not hereditary, congenital or degenerative.

Front 4

Active Treatment Interaction

Back 4

Directed action, teaching, and a certain degree of risk taking.

Front 5

Americas with Disability Act

Back 5

Purpose is to eliminate discrimination on the basis of disability in the full and equal enjoyment of the goods, services, facilities, privileges, advantages, or accommodations.

Front 6

Administrative Law

Back 6

Created by administrative agencies, such as the Dept. of Health and Human Services by statute, Congress or the state legislature. Authorizes an agency to create laws known as rules or regulations.

Front 7

Advance Directive

Back 7

Term used for a living will.

Front 8

Advocate

Back 8

An individual or organization chosen to serve on behalf of another individual. May be a formal legal arrangement or an informal arrangement.

Front 9

Akathisia

Back 9

Inability to sit or stand still; motor restlessness.

Front 10

Akinesia

Back 10

Slowness or loss of movement.

Front 11

Amygdala

Back 11

The "fight or flight" structure closely tied with emotional memories and reactions.

Front 12

Anosognosia

Back 12

Lack of awareness of deficits.

Front 13

Anoxia

Back 13

Stop in oxygen getting to the brain.

Front 14

Anoxic

Back 14

Lack of oxygen.

Front 15

Anxiolytics

Back 15

Anti-anxiety medications.

Front 16

Aphasia

Back 16

Difficulty understanding speech and/or difficulty expressing thoughts.

Front 17

Apraxia

Back 17

Inability to conduct purposeful movement.

Front 18

Arachnoid

Back 18

Like a spiderweb that bridges the brain's many wrinkles and folds.

Front 19

Arousal

Back 19

General state of readiness of an individual to process sensory information and/or organize a response.

Front 20

Aspiration

Back 20

Inhalation of foods, liquids or vomitus into the lungs.

Front 21

Ataxia

Back 21

Impaired ability to coordinate movement.

Front 22

Atrophy

Back 22

Wasting of size or functional activity.

Front 23

Axon

Back 23

A long, slim "wire" in the neuron that transmits signals from one cell body to another via junctions known as synapses.

Front 24

Basal Ganglia

Back 24

Four nerve cell clusters of the basal ganglia or "nerve knots" help handle physical movements by relaying information from the cerebral cortex to the brainstem and cerebellium.

Front 25

Brain Stem

Back 25

Located at the top of the spinal column, the brain stem relays information in and out of the brain. The brainstem contains many of the centers for the senses of hearing, touch, taste, and balance. It does not affect sight or smell.

Front 26

Brocca's Area

Back 26

Located in the lower portion of the motor cortex in the left frontal-temporal lobe; controls muscles of the face and mouth and enables the production of speech.

Front 27

CARF

Back 27

Commission for the Accreditation Rehabilitation Facilities is a national accreditation agency with standards for rehabilitation programs.

Front 28

Cellulitis

Back 28

Inflammation of the skin.

Front 29

Cerebellum

Back 29

Located in the lower back section of the brain, the cerebellum is the "movement" part of the brain that coordinates, modulates, and stores all body movement.

Front 30

Cerebral Cortex

Back 30

Divided into two hemispheres dedicated to the highest levels of thinking, moving, and acting. The right and left hemispheres are further divided into four lobes - frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital.

Front 31

Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

Back 31

Special fluid that bathes the brain inside the skull.

Front 32

Clonic

Back 32

Alternating contraction and relaxation of the muscles.

Front 33

Closed Head Injury

Back 33

Skull is intact after an injury to the head.

Front 34

Cognition

Back 34

Conscious process of knowing or being aware of thoughts or perceptions, including understanding and reasoning.

Front 35

Cognitive Impairment

Back 35

Difficulty with perception, memory, attention and reasoning skills. Activities of daily living aer affected by cognitive changes.

Front 36

Cogwheel Rigidity

Back 36

Rigidity with little jerks when the muscles in the arms and legs are stretched by the examiner.

Front 37

COMBI

Back 37

The Center on Outcome Measurement in Brain Injury is an online resource for detailed information and support on outcome measures for persons with brain injuries.

Front 38

Common Law

Back 38

Law that is developed from court decisions.

Front 39

Community Skills

Back 39

Abilities that enable someone to live and function safely in the community.

Front 40

Competency or Capacity

Back 40

A legal term that basically reflects a mental ability to understand the nature and effect of one's act.

Front 41

Complex Partial Seizures

Back 41

Consciousness is impaired. May be a warning or aura seizures usually last one to three minutes.

Front 42

Confidentiality

Back 42

Basic tenet in health care respecting confidential nature of patient information.

Front 43

Constitutional Law

Back 43

Law based in the United States Constitution, as well as the constitution of the state where an individual lives.

Front 44

Contractures

Back 44

Abnormal, usually permanent condition of a joint characterized by flexion and fixation due to wasting away and abnormal shortening of muscle fibers and loss of skin elasticity.

Front 45

Corpus Callosum

Back 45

Complex band of nerve fibers that exchanges information between the two hemispheres.

Front 46

Cortex

Back 46

"Thinking" part of the brain.

Front 47

Corti

Back 47

Organ where transmitted sound waves vibrate thousands of tiny sensitive hairs.

Front 48

Coup-Contracoup

Back 48

Effect when the back of the head is stuck and the front of the brain is injured by the brain bouncing back and forth.

Front 49

Deep Venous Thrombosis

Back 49

Blood clot in one of the deep veins of the body.

Front 50

Dendrites

Back 50

Networks of short "wires" in the neuron that branch out from a cell body and synapse with the ends of axons from other neurons.

Front 51

Diencephalon

Back 51

Located centimeters above the midbrain, the diencephalon is made of the thalamus, hypothalamus, and other structures. It is a master relay center for forwarding information, sensations, and movements.

Front 52

Diffuse Axonal Injuries

Back 52

Injuries caused by individual nerve cells stretching and breaking throughout the brain.

Front 53

Dilatation

Back 53

Widening.

Front 54

Disability

Back 54

A physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of an individual.

Front 55

Dura Mater

Back 55

Outer hard matter of the brain, which is like a heavy plastic covering.

Front 56

Duration

Back 56

Length of time that a behavior occurs.

Front 57

Duty to Warn

Back 57

Obligation of health care provider under common law or statutory third parties to inform when there is a risk of violence, contagious disease or other risk.

Front 58

Dysphagia

Back 58

Difficulty swallowing.

Front 59

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

Back 59

An electrical study of the brain's activity.

Front 60

Empathy

Back 60

Ability to identify with and understand another person's feelings or difficulties.

Front 61

Escape and Avoidance

Back 61

Behavior that gets someone out of an unpleasant situation, or removes the threat of one.

Front 62

Ethical Standard

Back 62

Standards of conduct rooted in the moral principles and values of society.

Front 63

Executive Functioning

Back 63

The ability to plan, initiate, direct, and monitor one's activities.

Front 64

Exploitation

Back 64

Use of a dependent individual's property illegally or without the consent of the individual.

Front 65

Expressive Communication

Back 65

Ability to express oneself to others through speech and language.

Front 66

External Physical Force

Back 66

Cause of TBI, including motor vehicle crash, sports/recreation injury, falls, or assault.

Front 67

Extinction

Back 67

Weakening of behavior by absence of a positive consequence.

Front 68

Fading

Back 68

Use of gradual change from artificial to more natural cueing stimuli.

Front 69

Frequency

Back 69

Number of times that a skill or behavior is observed to occur.

Front 70

Frontal Lobes

Back 70

Include everything in front of the central fissure. When injured or damaged, an individual's ability to synthesize signals from the environment, assign priorities, make decisions are severly compromised.

Front 71

Gastrostomy Tube

Back 71

Tube placed through a surgical opening into the stomach to administer liquid feedings.

Front 72

Generalized Seizures

Back 72

Sudden burst of abnormal, generalized discharge that usually affects both hemispheres.

Front 73

Glial Cells

Back 73

Non-communication cells that support and nourish the neurons.

Front 74

Guardian of the Estate

Back 74

Person who cares for the property of the ward.

Front 75

Guardianship

Back 75

A legally enforceable arrangement under which one person, the guardian, has the legal right and duty to care for another, the ward.

Front 76

Health Issues

Back 76

Any factor that affects a person's physical well-being.

Front 77

Health Maintenance Organization

Back 77

An organizational structure of managed care that oversees the individual's care.

Front 78

Hematomas

Back 78

Accumulation of blood or a collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the skin or in an organ.

Front 79

Hemiparesis

Back 79

Weakness of one side of the body.

Front 80

Hemiplegia

Back 80

Paralysis of one side of the body.

Front 81

Heterotopic Ossification (HO)

Back 81

Creation of abnormal growth of bone in soft tissues or around joints.

Front 82

Hippocampus

Back 82

A paired-organ, one on each side of the brain sitting within the temporal lobes. Most commonly associated with memory functioning.

Front 83

Household Management

Back 83

Meal preparation, housekeeping, money management, and other activities related to managing where one lives.

Front 84

Hydrocephalus

Back 84

Excess cerebrospinal fluid.

Front 85

Hyperreflexive Bladder

Back 85

Bladder in which the need to empty is triggered easily.

Front 86

Hypertension

Back 86

Elevated blood pressure exceeding 140/90 mm Hg.

Front 87

Hypotension

Back 87

Low blood pressure. Below 90/50.

Front 88

Hypothalamus

Back 88

Control center for hunger, thirst, sexual rhythms, endocrine levels, and temperature regulation.

Front 89

Hypoxia

Back 89

Decreased amount of oxygen getting to the brain.

Front 90

IEP

Back 90

Individualized educaation plan for a student found eligible for special education.

Front 91

In School Transition

Back 91

Change in school: Moving from grade level to grade level, elementary to middle and then high school, and finally, graduation.

Front 92

Incidental Teaching

Back 92

Interactions between staff and individuals with brain injuries that occur outside the structured program.

Front 93

Inclusion

Back 93

Incorporation and welcome of the individual into the community, regardless of a disability.

Front 94

Indemnity Policy

Back 94

The insurer assumes the responsibility of paying medical benefits for services performed and covered under a policy in return for premium payments.

Front 95

Indwelling Catheter

Back 95

Foley catheter that remains in the baldder and drains urine continously.

Front 96

Informed Concent

Back 96

A patient's consent to health care based on a full disclosure of facts necessary to make an intelligent decision.

Front 97

Initiation Problems

Back 97

Difficulty engaging in activities unless prompted.

Front 98

Integration

Back 98

Based on the expectation that people fit in, be alike and reach for similar standards.

Front 99

Integumentary System

Back 99

Skin, hair, nails, sweat, sebaceous glands.

Front 100

Interdependence

Back 100

An interconnection or an interrelationship between two or more entities that suggests a partnership between entities that maximizes potential for both groups.

Front 101

Interdependent Paradigm

Back 101

Refers to a belnded framework where people are seen to have gifts and capacities to build support to engage community.

Front 102

Internal Occurence

Back 102

Cause of injury to the brain by stroke, infectious disease, tumor, or loss of oxygen.

Front 103

Intracranial Pressure

Back 103

Pressure inside the skull that builds as the brain swells.

Front 104

Ischium

Back 104

Back lower portions of the hip bones.

Front 105

JCAHO

Back 105

Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Health care Organizations, a national accreditation agency with standards for rehabilitation programs.

Front 106

Larnyx

Back 106

Voice box.

Front 107

Latency

Back 107

Length of time that it takes a person to initiate a behavior.

Front 108

Legal Rights

Back 108

Powers or privileges that an individual has under the law.

Front 109

Leisure Skills

Back 109

Ability to use free time in ways that are not harmful.