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33 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
contains the thoracic structures other than the lungs (heart, great vessels, trachea, esophagus and thymus)
mediastinum
The visceral & parietal pleura are _____ at the _____ (doorway) of the lung where pulmonary vessels enter the lung tissue. The parietal pleura lines the _____. The visceral layer is on the
continuous
hilum
thoracic wall
surface of the lungs
Bifurcation of the trachea occurs around
T4
Where's a good place to look for lymph nodes on the lung
On the mediastinal side of the visceral pleura
Pulmonary Cavity
where the lungs reside
Potential space between the 2 layers of the pleura

contains _____fluid that lubricates the pleural surfaces
Pleural Cavity
serous
Parietal Pleura consists of 4 parts:

_____- covers internal surface of thoracic wall

_____- covers the lateral aspect of the mediastinum

_____-covers the superior surface of the diaphragm

_____- covers the apex of the lung
Costal Pleura
Mediastinal Pleura
Diaphragmatic Pleura
Cervical Pleura
_____: entry of air into the pleural _____, either from a penetrating wound (gun shot, stabbing) or rib fracture- results in partial _____ of the lung. The surface tension adhering the parietal and visceral layers if pleura is broken and the lung collapses due to its inherent elastic recoil
Pneumothorax
cavity
collapse
Right lung is divided into _____ lobes (_____). The left lung is divided into _____ lobes (_____)
Right: 3 (Superior, Middle, Inferior)...oblique & horizontal fissures

Left: 2 (Superior & Inferior)...oblique fissure
Cupula
apex of lung
_____ Arteries-supply nutrition to the supporting tissues of the lung (generally arise from thoracic _____) and follow the bronchi into the lung tissue
bronchial
aorta
The trachea divides around
the sternal angle/angle of louis
Trachea divides into the _____ and _____. Right is _____. Left has _____. Both are anterior to the _____.
L & R Bronchus
wider & more vertical
a bit of an angle to it.
esophagus
Where are the different functional segments of the bronchi called? Right lung has _____, left has _____. The main primary bronchus (right and left) divides into _____ then _____, which supply each _____.
bronchopulmonary segments
10
9
secondary & tertiary bronchi
bronchopulmonary segment
Diagnostic procedure checking out the trachea
_____ (keel of boat) is cartilaginous projection form last tracheal ring. This can deviate from the midline if there's an underlying _____. Also, the _____ covering the carina is extremely sensitive (_____ reflex)
Bronchoscopy
Carina
bronchogenic carcinoma
mucosa
cough
The _____ do NOT completely encircle the trachea (they do go 3/4 of the way though). The _____ muscle spans the posterior region...this is _____ muscle
cartilagenous rings
trachealis muscle
smooth
The bronchopulmonary segments are the largest _____ of a lobe. They are separated by _____. They are supplied by a tertiary _____ and _____. Drained via _____ that course in the connective tissue between segments. Each is surgically _____.
subdivision
connective tissue
tertiary bronchus and tertiary branch of the pulmonary artery
pulmonary veins
removable
removal of one or more of the bronchopulmonary segments
Segmentectomy
removal of an entire lobe
Lobectomy
complete resection of a lung
Pneumonectomy
The tertiary/segmental bronchi continues to branch:
terminal
respiratory
alveolar ducts
alveoli
basic structural unit of gas exchange in the lung
Alveolus
On the hilum, the 2 _____ are on the top, the _____ is hard, and the 2-3_____ is on the bottom. This takes practice
pulmonary arteries
bronchus
pulmonary veins
Parasympathetic innervation for the lungs. This causes _____. Preganglionic parasympathetic GVE fibers arise from cell bodies in the _____ and travel via the vagus nerve (CN X). Postganglionic parasympathetic GVE fibers arise from cell bodies in the _____ (large nerve plexus along the tracheobronchial tree)
vagus nerve
bronchoconstriction
medulla oblongata
pulmonary plexuses
Sympathetic innervation arises from the sympathetic chain/trunk causes _____. Preganglionic sympathetic GVE fibers arise from cell bodies in the lateral horn of the spinal cord (_____). Postganglionic sympathetic GVE fibers arise from cell bodies in the _____ and are called _____. Fibers course to the _____ and are distributed to bronchial smooth muscle
bronchodilation
T1-T5
sympathetic chain
pulmonary nerves
pulmonary plexus
Posterior Mediastinum contains
Thoracic aorta
Essophagus
Thoracic duct
Azygos vein
Thoracic sympathetic trunks/chians

A SEAT
Thoracic aorta descends through the posterior mediastinum delivering small branches along its course
_____
_____
_____
Esophageal branches
Posterior intercostal arteries
Bronchial arteries
The esophagus pierces the diaphragm near _____.
T10
Azygos System of Veins
Contains the azygos vein (right side), the _____ (left side inferior), and the _____ (left side superior). These draw blood from the _____ and posterior abdominal wall. This forms a collateral pathway between _____ and _____ in case the IVC gets blocked.
Hemiazygos
Accessory Azygos
Posterior intercostal veins
SVC & IVC
Backup for the IVC failure
This vein joins the _____.
Azygos system
SVC
Lymphatic System Functions:

Drainage and transport of extracellular tissue fluids-referred to as _____-into the venous system

Absorption and transport of _____ from the intestines into the venous system

Immune or defense mechanism for our body-_____ and _____ are produced and dispatched to infected areas
lymph fluid
fats
antibodies and lymphocytes
_____- large lymph vessel that drains lymph from right upper extremity/trunk and right side of face into the venous system (enters _____)
Right Lymphatic Duct
right venous angle
_____- largest lymph vessel in the body- begins in the abdomen and courses thru posterior mediastinum where it eventually drains into the _____ vein (left _____)-drains the remaining lymph fluid of the body
Thoracic Duct
subclavian
venous angle