Cb Pharm 11

Front 1

What are the four main side effects of centrally acting sympathoplegic drugs? (ie Methyldopa and Clonidine)

Back 1

1- sedation 2- mental depression 3- sleep upset 4- nightmares

Front 2

Where do the centrally acting sympathoplegic drugs (methyldopa, clonidine) for ANTI HTN work at? do they stimulate or block these sites?

Back 2

Methyldopa and Clonidine stimulate ALPHA TWO receptors

Front 3

Which centrally acting sypathoplegic is:
1) safe for pregnancy
2) causes lactation
3) positive coombs test

Back 3

methyldopa

Front 4

Which centrally acting sympathoplegic will decrease the sympathetic nervous system, and increase the parasympathetic nervous system causing side effects of DRY MOUTh, SEDATION, and rebound htn?

Back 4

Clonidine

Front 5

How do guanethidine and resperpine work as adrenergic neuron blocking agents?

Back 5

block release of NE from post gang sympathetics

Front 6

Which Adrenergic neuron blocking agent REPLACES NE from vesicles?

Back 6

Guanethidine

Front 7

Which adrenergic neuron blocking agent BLOCKS UPTAKE via VMAT?

Back 7

Reserpine

Front 8

What specific anti-htn has parkinson's like side effects?

Back 8

reserpine (because it is an adrenegeric neuron blocking agent)

Front 9

Which TYPE of anti-htn will prevent reflex tachycardia?

Back 9

beta blocker

Front 10

If you look at bloodwork of a beta blocker treated pt, what would you see in their lipids?

Back 10

high TGG and low HDL

Front 11

which beta blocker is approved for a thyroid storm?

Back 11

propanolol; it can also be used prophylaxically for migraines

Front 12

which beta blocker causes nightmares?

Back 12

propanolol

Front 13

what is the longest acting beta blocker?

Back 13

nadolol (it is a nonselective beta blocker)

Front 14

Where do the cardioselective beta blockers act at?

Back 14

beta one receptors

Front 15

which beta blocker is good for asthma, diabetic, and peripheral vascular disease pts?

Back 15

metoprolol

if it is good for asthma, it must act at beta 1 therefore CARDIOSELECTIVE

Front 16

PARTIAL AGONIST beta blockers (PIN PEN ACE) are beneficial because they will cause decreased peripheral resistance. Therefore, they are good for patient's with

Back 16

Peripheral vascular disease

Front 17

PIN PEN ACE (partial agonist beta blockers that decrease peripheral resistance) are also good for?

Back 17

bradyarrhythmic patients because they have INTRINSIC SYMPATHOMIMETIC ACTIVITY hence, "partial agonists"

Front 18

PIN and ACE are also good for pt's with this pulmonary problem

Back 18

asthma

Front 19

There are four main drugs that will decrease bp without affecting heart rate or cardiac output, can you name them?

Back 19

Labetalol, carvedilol, nebivolol, esmolol

Front 20

Which drug that has vasodilating effects (decreases bp without HR or CO alterations) is good for a HTN emergency?

Back 20

Labetalol (alpha and beta blocker)

Front 21

Which drug that has vasodilating effects (decreases bp without HR or CO alterations) is proven to decrease the risk of heart failure and mortality?

Back 21

carvedilol

Front 22

Which drug that has vasodilating effects (decreases bp without HR or CO alterations) uses NO and is a beta one blocker?

Back 22

nebivolol

Front 23

Which drug that has vasodilating effects (decreases bp without HR or CO alterations) is used for INTRA and POST operative HTN? tachy and HTN?

Back 23

esmolol (also short acting)

Front 24

Alpha blockers must be used with ____ because they cause retainment of salt and water

Back 24

diuretic

Front 25

Which ANTI HTN drug subcategory is known for an extreme drop in BP upon first dose?

Back 25

alpha blockers

Front 26

What endocrine pathology are nonselective alpha blockers used for?

Back 26

diagnosis and treatment of pheocytochroma

Front 27

How do vasodilators works?

Back 27

They relax smooth muscle of arterioles

Front 28

What are the two most common side effects of the vasodilators?

Back 28

reflex sympathetics and Na/H20 retention

Front 29

Which vasodilator is best for blacks and those with severe htn?

Back 29

hydralazine

Front 30

what is a major heart problem caused by hydralazine?

Back 30

angina or arrhythmia

Front 31

which vasodilator MUST be used with a beta blocker and a loop diuretic?

Back 31

minoxidil

Front 32

Which vasodilator acts at the d1 receptor?

Back 32

Fenoldopam (DO NOT USE W GLAUCOMA pts)

Front 33

when is fenoldopam used?

Back 33

htn emergencies

Front 34

minoxidil and diazoxide have the same moa, what is it?

Back 34

open K+ channels (therefore causing hyperpolarization making it difficult to achieve an action potential, therefore making it extremely difficult to contract the smooth muscle of the artierioles)

Front 35

which vasodilator is good for insulinomas?

Back 35

Diazoxide is used for insulinomas because it blocks insulin release. Remember, the SE of vasodilators are reflex SYMPATHETICS and Na/H20 retention. The symapthetic effect will decrease the release of insulin.

Front 36

which vasodilator works not only at arterioles, but VEINS too?

Back 36

sodium nitroprusside

Front 37

uh oh, you gave too much sodium nitroprusside, what do give them?

Back 37

sodium thiosulfate

Front 38

which vasodilator has caused metheglobinemia?

Back 38

sodium nitroprusside

Front 39

Ca Channel blockers (verapamil, diltiazem, dihydropyridines) are also used in HTN management. What type of channels do they block?

Back 39

L type Ca channels

Front 40

What are the three most common side effects of Ca Channel blockers (verapamil, diltiazem, dihydropyridines)?

Back 40

constipation, edema, HA

Front 41

which ca channel blocker is the greatest cardiac depressant, therefore CONTRAINDICATED in CHF pts?

Back 41

Verapamil

Front 42

What are the 4 main side effects of ACE inhibitors (captopril, enalapril)

Back 42

cough
high potassium
teratogen
RENAL FAILURE

Front 43

what enzyme do ACE blockers block?

Back 43

peptidyl dipeptidase

Front 44

Is captopril or enalapril good for pts w/ chronic kidney disease, ischemic heart disease, diabetes?

Back 44

Enalapril

Front 45

What type of drugs are those ending in "TAN"?

Back 45

angiotensin receptor blocking agents

Front 46

can you use a "tan" drug/ angiotensin receptor blocking agent in preganancy?

Back 46

no