Case Based Anatomy Abdominal Viscera

Front 1

Abdominal Viscera

Back 1

Abdominal Viscera

Front 2

parietal peritoneum innervated

Back 2

somatic afferents

Front 3

pain of peritoneum is

Back 3

well localized

Front 4

visceral peritoneum is innervated by

Back 4

visceral afferents which follow PANS/SANS fibers back to CNS

Front 5

pain in visceral peritoneum is

Back 5

poorly localized, can be refered

Front 6

omental bursa

Back 6

cavity posterior to stomach and liver

Front 7

greater sac

Back 7

accounts for most space in peritoneal cavity

Front 8

greater sac and omental bursa continous through this

Back 8

omenta (epiploic foramen)

Front 9

greater omentum derived from

Back 9

dorsal mesentary

Front 10

lesser omentum derived from

Back 10

ventral mesentary

Front 11

greater omentum runs from

Back 11

greater curvature of stomach, drapes down, comes back up to connect with transverse colon

Front 12

lesser omentum runs from

Back 12

lesser curvature of stomach/first part of duodenum to inferior liver surface

Front 13

free margin of lesser omentum, called what, contains what

Back 13

hepatoduodenal ligament encloses the hepatic artery proper, bile duct, and portal vein

Front 14

the mesentary connects

Back 14

jejunem and ileum to posterior abdominal wall

Front 15

the transverse mesocolon connects

Back 15

transverse colon to posterior abdominal wall

Front 16

sigmoid mesocolon connects

Back 16

sigmoid colon to abdominal wall

Front 17

abdominal esophagus crosses through diaphragm at

Back 17

T10

Front 18

anterior vagal trunk has fibers from

Back 18

left vagus nerve

Front 19

posterior vagal trunk has fibers from

Back 19

right vagus nerve

Front 20

arterial supply to abdominal esophagus (2)

Back 20

esophageal branches of L gastric artery (celiac trunk) and esophageal branches from left inferior phrenic artery

Front 21

cardia

Back 21

surrounds opening of esophagus

Front 22

fundus

Back 22

area of stomach above cardinal oriface

Front 23

body

Back 23

largest region of stomach

Front 24

pylorus

Back 24

divided into antrum and pyloric canal at distal end of stomach

Front 25

transpyloric plane occurs at

Back 25

L1

Front 26

arterial supply to the stomach (5)

Back 26

left gastric (celiac trunk) right gastric (hepatic artery proper) right gastro-omental (gastroduodenal) left gastro omental (splenic) posterior gastric (variant from splenic)

Front 27

duodenum adjacent to

Back 27

head of pancrease

Front 28

doudenum is retroperitoneal except for what part

Back 28

beginning

Front 29

superior duodenum passes just anterior to

Back 29

gastroduodenal artery, portal vein, IVC

Front 30

superior duodenum spinal level

Back 30

L1

Front 31

decending part of duodenum contains

Back 31

major duuodenal papilla and minor duodenal papilla

Front 32

descending part of duodenum reaches this spinal level

Back 32

L3

Front 33

inferior part of duodenum crossed anteriorly by

Back 33

SMA

Front 34

ascending part of dudonem reaches this spinal level

Back 34

L2

Front 35

duodenojejunal flexure held by

Back 35

suspensory ligament of treitz

Front 36

Arterial supply to duodenum (7)

Back 36

branches from gastroduodenal artery (supraduodenal, posterior superior pancreaticododenal, anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal) Branches from SMA (AIPA, PIPA, first jejunal branch)

Front 37

jejunum is proximal _________ of remaining SI after duodenum

Back 37

40%

Front 38

jejunum mostly located in

Back 38

LUQ

Front 39

plicae in jejunum

Back 39

numerous prominent

Front 40

arterial arcades in jejunum

Back 40

less prominent

Front 41

vasa recta of jejunum

Back 41

longer

Front 42

arterial supply to jejunum

Back 42

SMA

Front 43

ileum mostly located in what qudrant

Back 43

RLQ

Front 44

plicae in ileum

Back 44

less prominent

Front 45

arterial arcades ileum

Back 45

promient

Front 46

vasa recta of ileum

Back 46

shorter

Front 47

arterial supply to ileum

Back 47

SMA and ileal branch of ileocolic artery (SMA branch)

Front 48

posterior duodenal ulcers can damage what arteries

Back 48

gastroduodenal, Post. Sup. PD Artery (more common)

Front 49

anterior eroding duodenal ulcers can cause

Back 49

peritonitis

Front 50

meckel diverticula located where most often

Back 50

terminal ileum antimesenteric border

Front 51

large intestine

Back 51

cecum, ascending colon, right colic (hepatic) flexure, transverse, left (splenic) flexure, descending, sigmoid, rectum, anal canal

Front 52

sacculations of colon

Back 52

haustra

Front 53

thickened muscular bands of LI

Back 53

teaeniae coli

Front 54

appendix most commonly located where

Back 54

cecum

Front 55

McBurney's point

Back 55

junction of the lateral and middle 1/3 of a line from ASIS to umbilicus where people with appendicits will describe their pain

Front 56

arterial supply to cecum and appendix

Back 56

anterior cecal artery (ileocolic/SMA) posterior cecal (ileocolic/SMA) and appendicular (ileocolic/SMA)

Front 57

peritonal status of ascending decending transverse and sigmoid

Back 57

ascending/descending (retro) transverse/sigmoid (intra)

Front 58

right and left paracollic gutters

Back 58

lateral depressions to ascending and decending colon, relatively blood free mobilization of colon possible by cutting along them during surgerise because major vessels are on medial sides

Front 59

sigmoid colon extends to

Back 59

SIII

Front 60

arterial supply to ascending colon

Back 60

SMA (colic branch from ileocolic, anterior cecal and posterior cecal from ileocolic, right colic)

Front 61

arterial supply to transverse colon

Back 61

right colic and middle colic from SMA and L colic from IMA

Front 62

arterial supply to descending colon

Back 62

L colic from IMA

Front 63

arterial supply to sigmoid colon

Back 63

sigmoidal aa. From IMA

Front 64

arterial supply to rectum and anal canal

Back 64

superior rectal artery (IMA) , middle rectal artery (internal iliac) and inferior rectal (internal pudendal from internal iliac)

Front 65

twisting of bowel

Back 65

volvulus

Front 66

surfaces of the liver

Back 66

diaphragmatic (anterior, superior, posterior) visceral (inferior)

Front 67

subphrenic recess

Back 67

seperates the diaphragmatic surface of liver from diaphragm

Front 68

divides subphrenic recess into left and right areas

Back 68

falciform ligament

Front 69

falciform ligament erived from

Back 69

ventral mesentary

Front 70

hepatorenal recess

Back 70

seperates liver from right kidney

Front 71

structures that come into contact with the visceral surface of liver (tons)

Back 71

esophagus, right anterior stomach, superior duodenum, lesser omentum, gallbladder, right colic flexure, right transverse colon, right kidney, right suprarenal gland

Front 72

porta hepatis

Back 72

entry point to liver for hepatic arteries, portal vein, exit point for hepatic ducts

Front 73

small portion of liver in contact with diaphragm without visceral peritoneum

Back 73

bare area

Front 74

largest lobe of liver

Back 74

right

Front 75

quadrate lobe

Back 75

visable on anterior portion of visceral surface bounded on left by fissuer of ligamentum teres and right by fossa for gallbladder

Front 76

caudate lobe

Back 76

visable on posterior part of visceral surface bounded on left by fissure for ligamentum venosum and right by groove for IVC

Front 77

gallbladder lies where

Back 77

on visceral surface of liver in a fossa between right and quadrate lobes

Front 78

arterial supply to gallbladder

Back 78

cystic a. (right hepatic)

Front 79

head of pancreas lies where

Back 79

within C shaped concavity of duodenum

Front 80

uncinate process

Back 80

passes posterior to SMA/SMV

Front 81

neck of pancreas

Back 81

passes anterior to superior mesenteric vessels

Front 82

hepatopancreatic apulla

Back 82

enters second part of duodenum at major duodenal papilla

Front 83

why is there a major and accessory pancreatic duct

Back 83

in embryo there is dorsal and ventral pancreatic buds

Front 84

pancreatic blood supply

Back 84

gastroduodenal a. (ASPA, PSPA) splenic artery (dorsal pancreatic, great pancreatic) AIPA, PIPA (SMA)

Front 85

ribs associated with the spleen

Back 85

IX-X

Front 86

entry point for splenic vessels

Back 86

splenic hilum

Front 87

connects spleen to stomach

Back 87

gastrosplenic ligament , contains short gastric and gastro omental vessels

Front 88

connects left kidney to spleen

Back 88

splenorenal ligament , contains splenic vessels

Front 89

bulbous region of gallbladder neck that can be effected by gallstones

Back 89

hartmann's pouch

Front 90

prehepatic jaundace caused by

Back 90

usually hemolytic anemia

Front 91

hepatic jaundace caused by

Back 91

chronic or acute liver disease

Front 92

posthepatic jaundace caused by

Back 92

biliary obstruction (gallstones and tumors of head of pancreas most common causes )

Front 93

abdominal aorta bifurcates at

Back 93

L4

Front 94

three anterior branches of abdominal aorta

Back 94

celiac trunk , SMA, IMA

Front 95

celiac trunk supples

Back 95

foregut

Front 96

SMA supplies

Back 96

midgut

Front 97

IMA supplies

Back 97

hindgut

Front 98

foregut ends where

Back 98

just inferior to major duodenal papilla in descending duodenum

Front 99

midgut ends where

Back 99

ends after right 2/3 of transverse colon

Front 100

hindgut ends

Back 100

midway through anal canal

Front 101

smallest branch of celiac trunk

Back 101

left gastric artery

Front 102

major branches of left gastric artery

Back 102

esohageal branches

Front 103

left gastric artery follows

Back 103

lesser curvature of the stomach

Front 104

left gastric artery forms anastamosis with

Back 104

right gastric artery

Front 105

largest branch of celiac trunk

Back 105

splenic artery

Front 106

major branches given off by splenic artery

Back 106

short gastric arteries which supply fundus and the left gastroomental artery which runs along greater curvature of stomach before anastamosing with the right gastroomental artery

Front 107

terminal branches of common hepatic artery

Back 107

hepatic artery proper and gastroduodenal artery, gives off right gastric before this division

Front 108

branches of hepatic artery proper

Back 108

right and left hepatic. Right hepatic gives off cystic artery to gallbladder

Front 109

terminal branches branches of gastroduodenal artery

Back 109

anterior superior pancreatoduodenal artery and right gastro omental (it gives off the posterior superior pancreatoduodenal artery earlier)

Front 110

right gastro-omental artery travels where

Back 110

along greater curvature until it anastamoses with the left gastro-omental artery (given by the splenic)

Front 111

Ant and Post Superior pancreatoduodenal arteries anastamose with what

Back 111

Ant and Post inf pancreatoduodenal a. from the SMA

Front 112

SMA arises at what spinal level

Back 112

L1

Front 113

SMA crossed anteriorly by

Back 113

splenic vein and neck of pancreas

Front 114

SMA is crossed posteriorly by

Back 114

left renal vein (nutcracker) and uncinate process of pancreas as well as inferior portion of duodenum

Front 115

arteries iven off by the SMA past the inferior pancreatiduodenal

Back 115

jejunal and illeal, middle, right, ileocolic arteries

Front 116

# of arcades ___________ as you pass from jejunum to ileum

Back 116

increases

Front 117

length of vasa recta _________ as you pas from jejunum to ileum

Back 117

decreases

Front 118

terminal branches of ileocolic artery

Back 118

colic, cecal, appendicular, illeal branches

Front 119

branches of IMA

Back 119

left colic, sigmoid aa. And superior rectal artery.

Front 120

region of GI that is extremely prone to ischemia

Back 120

splenic flexure "marginal artery" (watershed between SMA and IMA)

Front 121

come together to form portal vein

Back 121

splenic vein and superior mesenteric vein

Front 122

inferior mesenteric vein drains to

Back 122

splenic vein

Front 123

portal vein forms at what spinal level

Back 123

L2

Front 124

portal-systemic venous anastamoses (3)

Back 124

gastroesophageal junction (L gastric vein form an anastamosis with azagous system) ; anus (portal superior rectal vein anastamoses with middle and inferior rectal vein of systemic system) anterior abdominal wall where para umbilical veins anastomose with veins of anterior abdominal wall

Front 125

lymphatic drainage of abdominal GI tract runs to

Back 125

pre-aortic lymph nodes (celiac, Superior mesenteric, inferior mesentaric)…. From there to cisterna chyli)

Front 126

sympathetic nerves supplying the GI

Back 126

splanchnic nerves

Front 127

parasympathetic innervation to GI

Back 127

vagus nerve

Front 128

thoracic, lumbar and sacral splanchnic nerves carry

Back 128

preganglionic sympathetic fibers

Front 129

pelvic splanchnic nerves carry

Back 129

PANS preganglionic from S2-4

Front 130

greater splanchnic nerve

Back 130

T5-9

Front 131

lesser splanchnic nerve

Back 131

T10-11

Front 132

least splanchnic nerve

Back 132

T12

Front 133

3 major preverebral plexuses and associated ganglia

Back 133

celiac, aortic, superior hypogastric

Front 134

enteric NS

Back 134

myenteric (aurbach ) submucosal (meissne) control secretory activity and peristalsis