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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the sex cells from the mother and fther that form a new cell at conception
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gametes
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the new cell formed by the process of fertilization
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zygote
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the basic unit of genetic information
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genes
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rod-shaped portions of DNA that are organized in 23 pairs
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chromosomes
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the underlying combination of genetic material present (not visible) in an organism
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genotype
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an observable trait
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phenotype
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inheritance in which a combination of multiple gene pairs is responsible for the production of a particular trait
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polygenic inheritance
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genes that are considered recessive and located only on the X chromosome
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x-linked genes
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the study of the effects of heredity on behavior
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behavioral genetics
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a disorder produced by the presence of an extra chromosome on the 21st pair
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down syndrome
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a blood disorder that gets its name from the shape of the red blood cells in those who have it
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sickle-cell anemia
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a disease that produces blindness and muscle degeneration prior to death; there is no treatment
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tay-sachs disease
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a disorder resulting from the presence of an extra X chromosome that produces underdeveloped genitals, extreme height, and enlarged breasts
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klinefelter's syndrome
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patterns of arousal and emotionality that represent consistent and enduring characteristics in an individual
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temperament
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the process by which a sperm and an ovum join to form a single new cell
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fertilization
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the first, and shortest stage, of the prenatal period, which takes place during the first 2 weeks following conception
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germinal stage
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a conduit between the mother and fetus, providing nourishment and oxygen via the umbilical cord
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placenta
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the period from 2 to 8 weeks following fertilization during which significant growth occurs in the major organs and body systems
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embryonic stage
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the stages that begins at about 8 weeks after conception and continues until birth
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fetal stage
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a developing child, from 8 weeks after conception until birth
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fetus
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the inability to conceive after 12-18 months of trying to become pregnant
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infertility
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a factor that produces a birth defect
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teratogen
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a disorder caused by the pregnant mother consuming substantial amounts of alcohol during pregnancy
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fetal alcohol syndrome
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