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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is ossification?
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It refers to the development of bone connective tissue.
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When does ossification begin and end?
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In embryonic development and occurs throughout a person's life.
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What are the 2 different ways ossification occurs in the human body?
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Intramembranous ossification and Endochondral ossification
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Which type of ossification produces the flat bones of teh skull, some of the facial bones, and the central part of the clavicle?
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Intramembranous ossification
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Name the bones that are formed by intramembranous ossification.
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Flat bones of teh skull, some of the facial bones [zygomatic (cheek) bone and maxilla (upper jaw bone)], the mandible (lower jaw), and the central part of the clavicle (collarbone).
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What type of ossification produces sesamoid bones and How do sesamoid bones form?
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They develop by intramembranous ossification inside of tendons.
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What is endochondral ossification?
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It means inside cartilage and it is one of the 2 ways ossification occurs in the human body
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What is the first step of endochondral ossification?
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Chondrocytes at the center of the growing hyaline cartilage model enlarge and then die as the matrix calcifies.
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What is the 2nd step of endochondral ossification?
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Newly derived osteoblasts cover the shaft of the cartilage in a thin layer of bone.
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What is the 3rd step of endochondral ossifcation?
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Bv's penetrate the cartilage. New osteoblasts from a primary ossiifcation center.
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What is the 4th step of Endochondral ossification?
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The bone of the shaft thickens, and the cartilage near each epiphysis is replaced by shafts of bone.
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What is the final (5th) step of endochondral ossifcation?
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Blood vessels invade the epiphyses and osteoblasts form secondary centers of ossificaton. Cartilage still remains on the end (this is what forms the epiphyseal growth plate) or articular cartilage.
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What are the 5 steps of endochondral ossificaton?
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1. Chondroblasts turn into chondrocytes inside the growing cartilage model enlarge and then die as the matrix calcifies.
2. Newly derived osteoblasts cover the shaft of the cartilage in a thin layer of bone. 3. Bv's penetrate the cartilage. New osteoblasts form a primary ossification center. 4. The bone of the shaft thickens and the cartilage near each epiphysis is replaced by shafts of bone. Bv's invade the epiphyses and osteoblsasts from secondary centers of ossificaton. |
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How long do most primary ossificaton centers take to form?
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12th week of fetal devlopment.
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What type of cartilage are both the epiphyseal growth plates and articular cartilage composed of?
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Hyaline cartilage
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How long will the process of of calcification occur?
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Until the only cartilage left is the articular cartilage and the epiphyseal growth plates, both of which are composed of hyaline cartilage.
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When will the epiphyseal growth plate ossify?
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When a person reaches adult size (18-20)
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What is the line that forms when a person reaches 18-20?
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Epiphyseal growth line.
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