Cariology - Types Of Fluorides

Front 1

Other than OK's 2 biggest cities, OKC and Tulsa, what was the other city to begin adding fluoride to the water?

Back 1

Nowata

Front 2

Some counties add fluoride to ___ (which we don't do) to get fluoride levels up

Back 2

salt

Front 3

The first US city to add fluoride to the water was

Back 3

Grand Rapids, MI

Front 4

1 liter of 1ppm contains how many mg of fluoride ion?

Back 4

1

Front 5

True or False, fluoride can be found naturally in things like fish, tea, and green vegetables

Back 5

True.

Front 6

How much fluoride is needed in saliva to get beneficial effect?

Back 6

.04 to .08 ppm

Front 7

What are the three ways fluoride prevents caries?

Back 7

inhibits bacteria, inhibits demineralization, enhances remineralization by creating a surface that is caries resistant (fluoroapatite)

Front 8

True or False, fluoride varnish is only to be used within a dental office, not at home

Back 8

True.

Front 9

What 5 things does degree of rsistance to decay depend on?

Back 9

dental age of patient, concentration of fluoride, duration of exposure, frequency of application, delivery method (gell, varnish, foam, etc.)

Front 10

In the body, fluoride can be absorbed into the plasma from where?

Back 10

the gut

Front 11

What are two places fluoride is deposited in the body?

Back 11

bone and teeth

Front 12

True or False, fluoride cannot be excreted in urine

Back 12

False. Can be excreted in urine, feces, and sweat

Front 13

About how many grams of fluoride are in the human body?

Back 13

2.6 grams

Front 14

Most of our fluoride is in what body structure?

Back 14

bone

Front 15

True or False, fluoride does not transfer from mother to embryo

Back 15

false, it does

Front 16

True or False, fluoride is an essential trace element

Back 16

True.

Front 17

A single large ingestion of fluoride is (acute, chronic) ingestion

Back 17

acute

Front 18

How quickly can excess fluoride symptoms appear? How long do they last?

Back 18

at about 30 minutes, 24 hours

Front 19

In the GI tract, fluoride combines with HCl acid to form what?

Back 19

hydrofluoric acid

Front 20

In the blood, what does fluoride combine with?

Back 20

calcium

Front 21

When fluoride combines with calcium in the blood, what condition results?

Back 21

hypocalcemia (muscle spasms)

Front 22

True or False, fluoride in the nervous system can cause paresthesais

Back 22

True (this is loss of sensation and numbness)

Front 23

What is the range, in mg/kg of body weight, where fluoride is lethal in an acute dose?

Back 23

32 to 64 mg of fluoride per kg of weight

Front 24

CLD is an abbreviation for what in terms of fluoride intake?

Back 24

certain lethal dose

Front 25

the certain lethal dose (CLD) of fluoride for an adult is ??g and a child is ??g

Back 25

5-10g, .5-10g

Front 26

How many grams are in 1 teaspoon?

Back 26

4, there are 4 grams in 1 teaspoon

Front 27

What does STD stand for?

Back 27

safely tolerated dose

Front 28

The STD is typically (one half, one fourth, one eighth, the same as) the CLD

Back 28

one fourth

Front 29

Maximum 1 time dosage that can be prescribed is ???mg NaF

Back 29

264mg (ends up at 120mg of fluoride ion)

Front 30

What are 2 liquids that will bind fluoride in an overdose?

Back 30

milk and lime water (CaOH2)

Front 31

Dental fluorosis is (hypo, hyper)mineralization of enamel resulting from excess fluoride

Back 31

hypomineralization

Front 32

True or False, fluorosis results from excess topical fluoride

Back 32

False, excess ingested fluoride!

Front 33

True or False, diet drinks are ok because they don't have acid

Back 33

false, they DO have acid!

Front 34

Which acid in soda adds a sharper flavor and is linked to decreased levels of bone density?

Back 34

phosphoric acid

Front 35

True or False, Fluoride Needs Assessment Forms can help educate a patient on fluoride treatment

Back 35

True.

Front 36

How much enamel is typically removed in a prophy paste treatement?

Back 36

3 to 4 microns

Front 37

True or False, prophy paste is considered a good fluoride treatement

Back 37

False, it has fluoride but is not a good treatment

Front 38

Generally how long should a fluoride treatment be left in?

Back 38

4 minutes

Front 39

The highest in home concentration of fluoride you can get is ????ppm

Back 39

5000

Front 40

What are the 3 types of fluoride?

Back 40

Acidulated phosphate Fluoride (APF), Neutral sodium fluoride (NaF), Stannous Fluoride (SnF2)

Front 41

What is te benefit of using acidulated fluoride?

Back 41

It etches the enamel a bit so the fluoride is taken up easily

Front 42

Between acidulated fluoride and sodium fluoride, which is taken up more rapidly?

Back 42

acidulated (APF)

Front 43

What is the main downside to acidulated fluoride with someone who has restorations?

Back 43

It can damage the restorations

Front 44

True or False, Sodium fluoride shows no adverse effects to intraoral restorations

Back 44

True.

Front 45

True or False, sodium fluoride is best option for patients with restorations

Back 45

True.

Front 46

Which of the 3 fluoride treatments is best for those who are very caries prone?

Back 46

acidulated (APF)

Front 47

In the acidulated (APF) fluoride, the (gel, foam) is think and has high retention

Back 47

gel

Front 48

True or False, fluoride treatment is to be done before coronal polishing

Back 48

FALSE

Front 49

which of the 3 types of fluoride are not available in toothpase?

Back 49

APF (acidulated)

Front 50

Between SnF2 and NaF, which is typically weaker in terms of fluoride ppm?

Back 50

SnF2

Front 51

True or False, NaF poses no stain risk

Back 51

True. (SnF2 however, can stain)

Front 52

What is the critical pH for demineralization of roots?

Back 52

6.7

Front 53

Which has greater fluoride uptake, root or enamel surface?

Back 53

root

Front 54

What two physical components need to be present to remineralize root caries?

Back 54

topical fluoride, salivary minerals

Front 55

By age 45, ??% have root caries. By age 64, ??%.

Back 55

33, 59

Front 56

What percent of root caries can be arrested by use of fluoride?

Back 56

91% (damn son…)

Front 57

Fluoride varnish safely delivers what concentration of fluoride?

Back 57

22,600ppm

Front 58

When would a saliva substitute be needed on a patient?

Back 58

When their salivation is down because of radiation or cancer

Front 59

Use of topical fluoride along can reduce caries by what % in kids?

Back 59

30 to 40%

Front 60

What percent of ortho patients develop demineralized areas?

Back 60

50%

Front 61

Office and home fluoride use in combination is a good 1-2 punch, why?

Back 61

office gives a huge loading dose and home treatment maintains high levels of F