Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is biofilm?
|
A community of bacteria in a sticky matrix of mucopolysaccharide polymers
|
|
|
What does biofilm do?
|
Greatly enhances the survivability of the microorganisms
Biofilms have fluid channels near the enamel that allow nutrients, oxygen, and waste to travel |
|
|
What dietary factors increase biofilm?
|
Sucrose
|
|
|
How is biofilm formation described as?
|
Organized
|
|
|
How soon does pellicle form on the tooth?
|
30 minutes (to 2 hours)
|
|
|
What is the transparent zone in dentinal caries? Can it remineralize? Is the collagen matrix intact?
|
Zone 3 out of 5 zones (from deepest to most superficial)
No bacteria present Initial site of acid attack of organic material Collagen matrix is still intact Template allows for re-mineralization/self-repair |
|
|
What is the difference between affected and infected dentin?
|
Affected dentin: Zones 1-3 (deepest)
Softened and demineralized, but not yet invaded by bacteria Collagen infrastructure still intact Infected dentin: Zones 4 and 5 (superficial) Softened and contaminated with bacteria No collagen infrastructure |
|
|
Is calculus mainly inorganic???? What covers it?
|
Mostly composed of mineralized calcium phosphate (mineralized plaque)
Covered by a dental plaque, which can contribute to the calculus |
|
|
What is the sequence (hardest to softest between enamel, dentin and cementum?
|
Hardest to softest:
Enamel, dentin, cementum |
|
|
What is prevalence? Incidence? Is the prevalence of caries declining in developing countries? How about less developing countries? Is it epidemically increasing in emerging economies?
|
Prevalence: Number of individuals in a population having a disease at a specific time
Global prevalence: Developed countries - decreasing Less-developed countries - increasing Emerging economies - epidemically increasing Incidence: Number of new cases of the disease |
|
|
What is DMFS?
|
DMFS - Decayed, Missing, Filled Surfaces
Distinguish from DMFT - decayed, missing, filled teeth Adults Dmfs (0-128 surfaces) Dmft (0-28 teeth) Children Dmfs (0-88 surfaces) Dmft (0-20 teeth) |
|
|
At what pH will subsurface enamel begin to be removed into solution?
|
At a pH of 5.5 or lower
|
|
|
What is the primary way a host controls oral flora?
|
Saliva is the primary means by which the host exerts control over oral flora
|
|
|
In saliva, bicarbonate buffers Acids at what pH?
|
5.5
|
|
|
Is strep sanguis early or late? Strep salivarius?
|
Strep sanguis
Initial tooth colonizer Early Strep salivarius Early colonizer Found on the dorsum of the tongue Late |
|
|
Does plaque go from anerobic to aerobic as it develops or vice versa?
|
Vice versa - bacteria transition from aerobic to anaerobic as the plaque develops
|
|
|
What do streptococcal glucosyltransferases make that makes strep mutans sticky?
|
Glucans
|
|
|
What do statherins do in saliva? What do they for teeth?
|
Prevents precipitation of calcium phosphate
Keeps calcium and phosphate dissolved in solution |
|
|
What do glycoproteins(mucins) do to bacteria?
|
Agglutination facilitates bacterial clearance
Cause bacteria to clump together Also called Non-immunoglobulin agglutinins |
|
|
What bond does Lysozyme cleave?
|
Lysozyme cleaves Beta-1,4 bonds
-NAG (N-acetylglucosamine) -NAM (N-acetylmuramic acid) Degrades bacterial cell walls -Releases peptidoglycans that activate the complement system |
|
|
What happens to the saliva of a patient with Sjogren’s syndrome?
|
Xerostomia
-Autoimmune disorder affecting salivary and lacrimal glands |
|
|
How would you treat that patient with xerostomia?
|
Stimulate flow
-Sugar-free gum -Raw vegetables -Parasympathomimetic drugs (pilocarpine) - this is what you could prescribe Saliva substitutes Regular fluoride therapy Immaculate oral hygiene Increased consistent water consumption |
|
|
One of the risks from using a live attenuated vaccine of strep mutans is...
|
Rheumatic fever
|
|
|
What is mineral weight of enamel, dentin in percentages?
|
Enamel: 95-98%
Dentin: 70% |
|
|
What bodily substance is cementum most closely related to?
|
Bone
|
|
|
What are Tomes fibers?
|
Extensions of odontoblasts into dentinal tubules
Distinguish from "Tomes process", which form enamel rods |
|
|
Does enamel have collagen?
|
No
|
|
|
What are stria of retzius?
|
Incremental growth lines representing specific times of enamel matrix mineralization
Represent "weekly rhythm" of ameloblasts Higher organic content -Distinguish from "cross striations" - represent daily enamel matrix secretion |
|
|
What are enamel tufts
|
Like geologic faults
Extend from the DEJ to about 1/3 to 1/2 the thickness of enamel Hypomineralized No known clinical significance |
|
|
What are perikymata?
|
Grooves and elevations on the tooth surface
|
|
|
What are enamel lamellae
|
Extend from the surface of the enamel to varying depths
Hypomineralized Look like enamel tufts Linear, longitudinally oriented Contain organic material |
|
|
What are enamel spindles?
|
Trapped odontoblast processes that extend into the enamel from the DEJ
|
|
|
What type of caries is more common in elderly patients?
|
Root Caries
|
|
|
Which of the zones of the uncavitated enamel lesions has the largest, smallest pore volumes?
|
Smallest pores:
Translucent zone (deepest) - Zone 1 Pore volume: 1% Largest pores: Body of lesion (just below surface zone) - Zone 3 Pore volume: 5-25% |
|
|
What are the lines of von Ebner?
|
Daily incremental growth lines of dentin
-Distinguish from "contour lines of Owen" which are analagous to Stria of Retzius in dentin |
|
|
What are the charisteristics of caries? Is it multifactorial infectious, chronic?
|
Definition : An infectious, multifactorial, microbiologic disease of the teeth that results in localized dissolution and destruction of the calcified tissues
Probably the most common chronic disease |
|
|
In caries what factors combined determine the process of caries?
|
Four factors:
Host (tooth, saliva) Microflora (bacteria) Substrate (diet) Time |
|
|
Would you use a narrow spectrum antibiotic if you believed in the non specific plaque hypothesis?
|
No, the non-specific plaque hypothesis says that all plaque is bad and relentless effort must be made to keep the mouth free of all bacteria.
|
|
|
Does the specific plaque theory feel plaque is not a normal phenomena?
|
No, the specific plaque theory says that plaque is normal, even in the absence of disease
A believer of this hypothesis would use narrow spectrum oral antibiotics |
|
|
Ecologic plaque theory?? Can good and bad plaque coexist?
|
The ecologic plaque theory says that cariogenic and non-cariogenic co-exist and balance in a plaque
|
|
|
How long does it take for mature plaque colonies to form?
|
Two weeks for mature plaque colonies to form
|
|
|
What is the critical pH in saliva?
|
Teeth decalcify at pH 4.0
“Any acid with a pH below the critical pH of dental enamel (5.5) can dissolve the hydroxyapatite crystals in enamel.” |
|
|
What does diet or regular cola do a tooth?
|
Extrinsic acids erode the tooth
|
