Caring For Clients With Central And Peripheral Nervous Sytem Disorder

Front 1

increased intracranial pressure pathophysiology

Back 1

increase in blood, brain tissue or csf, normal ICP <= 15mmHg,

Front 2

IICP signs and symptoms

Back 2

decreasing loc is one of the earliest signs, a slip from aao to lethargic stuporous, headache that is more severe in morning coughing straining, vomiting without forewarning of nausea, papilledema(swelling of the optic nerve) pupil response is unequal.cushings triad(pulse increases initially, then decreases,BP rise with widening,irregular respiratory rarte), cheyne-stokes respirations(shallow rapid breathing followed by apnea)

Front 3

iicp medical and surgical management

Back 3

goals maintain bp, prevent hypoxia, ensure cerebral perfusion, 3% nacl, no dextrose increases pressure, head maintained midline at 30 degree to promote venous drainage, persistent hyperthermia(administer acetominophen,cooling blanket),control seizures(diazepam,fosphenytoin),monitoring device,osmotic diuretics,

Front 4

meningitis pathophysiology and etiology

Back 4

inflammation of meninges caused by bacteria,virus,fungi,or parasite
bacterial meningitis most serious form(neisseria, strep pneumoniae) direct extension from middle ear and paranasal sinuses

Front 5

meningitis signs and symptoms

Back 5

headache, fever, nuchal rigidity(pain and stiffness in neck, inability to place chin on chest), nausea, vomiting, photophobia(aversion to light). severe irritation cause opistonos(arching of back), kernigs sign(inability to extend leg when thigh is flexed), brudzinski sign(flexion of neck produces flexion of kness and hips)

Front 6

meningitis diagnostic findings

Back 6

lumbar puncture, if csf cloudy=bacterial, csf pressure elevated, proteins elevated, wbc rbc elevated

Front 7

meningitis medical management

Back 7

hand hygiene control spread, iv fluids and antimicrobial therapy started immediately, penicillin, cephalosporin, rifampin, vancomycin,chloramphenicol

Front 8

encephalitis

Back 8

vector borne viral infection most common, swelling of brain, camping or neurotoxic substance history, west nile virus, supportive treatment(antipyretics, anticonvulsants, antiinflammatory, analgesics), monitor vs+loc frequently

Front 9

guillen barre nursing management

Back 9

signs of respiratory distress, spirometer to measure ventillation capacity, assess for pneumonia lung sounds, immobility(skin care, change position 2hrs), rom exercises prevent muscle atrophy

Front 10

guillan barre

Back 10

autoimmune reaction following primary disorder, nerve roots and peripheral attcked, immobility gets better after 1 month, weakness, numbness, tingling arms legs, paralysis, treatment supportive

Front 11

brain abscess

Back 11

collection of purulent material in brain, infection from middle ear, sinus, teeth, neurologic changes according to location, ct, mri,radiograph diagnose, antimicrobial therapy, craniotomy drain, assess loc, signs iicp, intake output because overhydration can lead to cerebral edema

Front 12

multiple sclerosis patho

Back 12

onset 20-40, autoimmune,myelin destruction, 20 year survival not unusual

Front 13

multiple sclerosis signs and symptoms

Back 13

blurred vision, diplopia(double vision),nystagmus(involuntary movement of eyeball),weakness, clumsiness, numbness tingling arm or leg, intention tremor slurred hesitant speech, mood swings. slight visual disturbances end in blindness, intellectual functioning last.

Front 14

muliple sclerosis diagnostic findings

Back 14

csf electrophoresis abnormal igg bands, oligoclonal bands

Front 15

muliple sclerosis medical management

Back 15

no cure, keep functional as long as possible, baclofen dantrolene for muscle spacisity rigidity

Front 16

myasthenia gravis

Back 16

severe weakness of one or more groups of skeletal muscles, autoimmune

Front 17

myasthenia gravis assessment

Back 17

ptosis(drooping) of eyelids, difficulty chewing and swallowing, diplopia, voice weakness, masklike facial expression, weakness of the extremities. diagnostic iv administration of edrophonium(tension) which relieves muscular weakness in a few seconds, dissapates in about 5 minutes

Front 18

myasthenia gravis medical management

Back 18

anticholinesterase drug, surgical removal of thymus gland, prednisone, plasmaphoresis 3xweek

Front 19

myasthenia gravis nursing management

Back 19

support ventillation by elevating head of bed, suction secretions, try to understand speech,

Front 20

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patho and assessment

Back 20

degeneration of motor neurons, muscle twitching, progressive muscle wasting arms, legs, trunk, repiratory and total paralysis in terminal stage

Front 21

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis medical and nursing management

Back 21

no treatment, death occurs several years after diagnosis, assistance with walking, bathing, suctioning tube feedings

Front 22

trigeminal neuralgia patho and assessment

Back 22

slight stimulus over trigger point causes nerve pain, pain lasts seconds to minutes many times each day, face twitches and eyes tear

Front 23

trigeminal neuralgia medical and nursing management

Back 23

supportive, narcotic analgesics, anticonvulsants(phenytoin(dilanton), carbamazepine(tegretol)), dentist correct malaocclusion, surgical intervention, avoid drafts in room, do not jar bed or touch face

Front 24

bells palsy patho and assessment

Back 24

viral inflammation of cranial nerve responsible for facial muscles, temp or permanent facial paralysis, symtoms facial pain, pain behind ear, <blink reflex, tearing, speaking chewing difficult

Front 25

bells palsy medical and nursing management

Back 25

corticosteroid therapy(prednisone(deltasone,meticorten),analgesics, facial sling prevent atrophy, risk for opthalmic infection(eyepatch), instruct to speak slowly

Front 26

temporomandibular disorder patho and assessment

Back 26

arthritis of joint, malocclusion of teeth, bruxism, dislocation of jaw on intubation, symptoms jaw pain, muscle spasm, tenderness of maseter, headache tinnitus, clicking of jaw or locking.

Front 27

parkinsons disease patho

Back 27

deficiency of neurotransmitter dopamine,globus pallidus becomes overactive

Front 28

parkinsons disease assessment

Back 28

tremors in one or both hands(pill rolling), shuffling gait, drooling, eyes roll up and stay for hours

Front 29

parkinsons disease diagnostic findings

Back 29

no tests, symptoms and neurologic exam

Front 30

parkinsons disease medical management

Back 30

prolonging independence, selegiline(eldepryl), dopaminergics(levadopa), carbidopa

Front 31

parkinsons surgical management

Back 31

surgery destroys part of globus pallidus

Front 32

parkinsons nursing management

Back 32

managing drug therapy,levodopa associated with breakthrough in which symptoms are exacerbated when consistent level is not maintained, adverse effects, optimize gait

Front 33

huntingtons disease patho

Back 33

genetics disorder, hallucinations, delusions

Front 34

papilloedema

Back 34

swelling of the optic nerve, looking through opthalmascope

Front 35

cheyne-stokes respirations

Back 35

sign of death, quick shallow breaths with apnea

Front 36

babies kids meningitis

Back 36

mostly viral,

Front 37

once you have a seizure

Back 37

it seems like its easier to have more

Front 38

huningtons disease

Back 38

genetic, choreiform movements, intellectual decline, elimination difficulties, antiparkinson drugs

Front 39

seizure disorders

Back 39

febrile siezures, epilipsy,

Front 40

seizure assessment

Back 40

who saw it, how long did it last,what did he do, person that had it wont remember,have you had before, when was the last time you had one

Front 41

seizure medical and surgical management

Back 41

anticonvulsant drugs

Front 42

brain tumor patho

Back 42

iicp, surgery to remove tumor