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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What distributes heat generated as a byproduct of metabolism, particularly muscle contraction?
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plasma
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What does plasma do for the body?
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carries various substances in teh blood, and it also distributes heat generated as a byproduct of metabolism, particularly in muscle contraction
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What is plasma made of?
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water, and various salts and organic molecules
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What helps maintain the pH of teh blood?
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the salts (ions), which are dissolved in plasma
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What maintains the osmotic pressure of the blood?
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salt and plasma proteins
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What is a nitrogenous waste product found in plasma and where is it on its way to?
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urea, to kidneys for excretion
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What are the most abundant organic molecules in blood?
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plasma proteins
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what produces plasma proteins? and what is the main one?
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Liver, albumin
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What does osmotic pressure for plasma?
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prevents excessive loss of plasma from the capillaries into tissue fluid.
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What cells give rise to all of the cells in the blood?
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stem cells
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What is the test done that separates the charges found in the plasma? How does it separate it? What substances are separated
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electrophoresis, separates according to electric charge on plastic, according to size and strength of the charge. Plasma proteins albumins and globulins.
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What charge does the most abundant plasma protein have? What is this protein? How does it contribute to the blood?
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Albumin, small and has a good strong charge. Contributes to the plasma's osmotic pressure
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What are important in fighting disease within the blood? What are they?
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globulins: alpha, beta, and gamma
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What functions do the structures involved in fighting disease within the blood serve?
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the globulins
Alpha and beta: Combine w/ and help transport substances in the blood such as hormones, cholesterol, and iron. Gamma globulins: known as antibodies |
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What would be directly responsible in the transport of LDL?
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Alpha and beta gobulins
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What globulin is shaped like a y? What does it do for us?
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immunoglobulins or IG or antibodies---all important in fighting disease.
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What is an inactive plasma protein tha tis active to help in the formation of blood clots?
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fibiongen
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What is synonymous with an antibody?
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immunoglobulins/WBC
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Where are antibodies produced?
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In the liver
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What is fibrinogen?
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an inactive plasma protein that is active to help in the formation of blood clots.
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Why would someone have an enlarged buffy coat?
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They could have leukemia or some type of disease
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What is hematocrit?
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The volume of red cells packed by the centrifuation
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What would be the packed cell volume of a container with a lot of plasma?
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Lower
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What are 3 components of a hematocrit?
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Plasma, buffy coat (WBC's and platelets) and hematocrit
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What is the middle layer of a container that tells you the packed cell volume packed by centrifugation? What does it contain?
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Buffy Coat: wBC's, platelets (less than 1%)
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What would deydration cause hematocrit to do? What would it be influenced by?
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go up, the amount of plasma
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What would cause the hematocrit to increase?
Decrease? |
more RBC's
decrease in the volume of plasma |
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What does your spleen do?
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stores WBC's and destroys old used up RBC's
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What are the cells and cell fragments suspended in? Collectively, what are these called? What are they? Where are the formed elements produced? Why does where these substances get produced matter?
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plasma, formed elements
RBC's WBC's, and platelets/thrombocytes red bone marrow, REd bone marrow contains "stem cells" which divide and give rise to the various types of bc's |
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Why is blood classified as a liquid tissue?
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The cells and cell framgents are suspended in a liquid called plasma.
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What are nutrients for cells that plasma helps distribute?
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glucose and amino acids
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What is a nitrogenous waste product the plasma carries, where does it carry it?
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urea, kidneys for excretion
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What are the most abundant molecules in blood? What MOST of these plasma proteins? Why most?
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plasma proteins Liver, gamma globulins are produced by lymphocytes
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What help keep the PH around 7.4?
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plasma proteins
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What feature of the plasma proteins help to maintain osmotic pressure?
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Since they are too large to pass through capillary walls, they remain in the blood and establish an osmotic gradient between blood and tissue fluid.
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What can separate the plasma proteins?
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electrophoresis
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What manufactures gamma globulins?
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Ribosomes/rough ER manufacture manufacture ani
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What gives rise to all various types of bc's?
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stem cells in red bone marrow, made by hematopoeisis
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What charge do plasma proteins have?
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Negative
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What is the name for when you take proteins and separate them according to their electrical charge on a plastic strip? What 2 factors separate them?
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Electrophoresis, strength and size
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What are antibodies produced by?
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Lymphocytes manufactured in the rough ER or ribosomes
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What proteins migrate the least in electrophoresis?
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gamma globulins
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What are all the names for antibodies?
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gamma globulins/lymphocytes/Immunoglobulins/y-shaped proteins
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What do the alpha and beta globulins transport?
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hormones, cholesterol, and iron.
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What is an inactive plasma protein that is active to help in the formation of blood clots?
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fibrinogen
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What percentage does the fluid portion of blood make up? The cell portion?
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55% 45%
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What are 2 other terms synonymous with centrifugation?
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packed cell volume or hematocrit
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What is the spleen responsible for in the body?
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storing WBC's and destroying old, used up, RBC's
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CS: When the dr. pushed along Ben's ribs, what could they tell were enlarged?
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liver and spleen
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