Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Basic structure of the heart (Ex: ventricles/atria – which side supplies oxygenated blood to the body??)
|
Muscular organ that is two interconnected but separate pumps.
Left pumps blood through body Right pumps blood through lungs Each pump has two chambers; atrium and a ventricle Atria are blood resevoirs Ventricles supply force for moving blood through circulation |
|
|
Cardiac cycle
|
Cardiac cycle (heart beat)
passive filling of chambers atrial contraction ventricular contraction ventricular relaxation |
|
|
Importance of the SA node
|
SA Node: Intrinsic pacemaker – normal initiation
SA node is considered to be the ‘pacemaker’ of the heart. 60-100 beats/minute |
|
|
Cardiac output
|
CO= Stroke Volume (SV) x Heart Rate (HR)
SV- amount pumped each beat HR - # of beats / minute |
|
|
Function of valves
|
Each valve opens and closes passively dependent on a backward or forward pressure gradient
Tricuspid and Mitral prevent backflow into atria Aortic and pulmonary prevent backflow from aorta and pulmonary during ventricular relaxation |
|
|
Coronary blood flow
|
Primarily occurs during diastole
oxygen rich blood to heart so it can pump efficiently removes wastes Blood flow through the heart Right atrium receives venous blood through superior and inferior venae cavae. Blood enters right ventricle through the right atrioventricular valve. From the right ventricle blood passes through the pulmonary semilunar valves and enters the pulmonary trunk –L/R – each supplies a lung. Oxygenated blood is returned to the left atrium and passes through the left atrioventricular valve to the left ventricle L. ventricle propels blood through the aortic semilunar valve into the aorta which the delivers oxygenated blood to vessels that supply the entire body. Coronary arteries at the base of the aorta ensure that oxygenated blood is first delivered to the heart muscle |
|
|
Blood vessels – arteries, veins, capillaries
|
Blood vessels transport blood to all parts of the body.
Also allow for exchange of nutrients, gases, hormones and metabolic waste btwn blood and tissue fluid Occur across the walls of certain vessels. Walls vary in thickness |
|
|
Know that blood pressure if affected by peripheral resistance and arterial stiffness
|
peripheral resistance
Occurs when arterioles are unable to relieve pressure in arteries. When the heart contracts blood enters faster than it can leave. Arterial stiffness Stiffen as a results of age and atherosclerosis. ↑ risk of cardiovascular event. |
|
|
Cardiac adaptability – SV and HR are altered to increase CO during activity
|
Cardiac adaptability
Exercise - active muscles use materials and produce wastes faster than muscles at rest Need for increase in CO SV & HR are altered to insure adequate blood flow to areas |
