Cardiovascular System

Front 1

cardiovascular system (CV)

Back 1

consists of the pump and vessels that distribute blood to all areas of the body. This system allows for the delivery of needed substances to the cells of the body as well as for the removal of waste

Front 2

cardiovascular system organs

Back 2

heart
blood vessels
arteries
capillaries
veins

Front 3

angi/o

Back 3

vessel

Front 4

aort/o

Back 4

aorta

Front 5

arteri/o

Back 5

artery

Front 6

arti/o

Back 6

atrium

Front 7

ather/o

Back 7

fatty substance

Front 8

cardi/o

Back 8

heart

Front 9

coron/o

Back 9

heart

Front 10

corpor/o

Back 10

body

Front 11

emboi/o

Back 11

plug

Front 12

isch/o

Back 12

to hold back

Front 13

myocardi/o

Back 13

heart muscle

Front 14

pect/o

Back 14

chest

Front 15

phleb/o

Back 15

vein

Front 16

sphygm/o

Back 16

pulse

Front 17

steth/o

Back 17

chest

Front 18

thromb/o

Back 18

clot

Front 19

valv/o

Back 19

valve

Front 20

valvul/o

Back 20

valve

Front 21

varic/o

Back 21

dilated vein

Front 22

vascul/o

Back 22

blood vessel

Front 23

vas/o

Back 23

vessel/duct

Front 24

ven/o

Back 24

vein

Front 25

ventricul/o

Back 25

ventricle

Front 26

-manometer

Back 26

instrument to measure pressure

Front 27

-ole

Back 27

small

Front 28

-tension

Back 28

pressure

Front 29

-tonic

Back 29

pertaining to tone

Front 30

-ule

Back 30

small

Front 31

arteries

Back 31

blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

Front 32

blood vessels

Back 32

closed system of tubes that conducts blood throughout body: consists of arteries, veins and capillaries

Front 33

capillaries

Back 33

smallest blood or lymphatic vessels, blood capillaries are very thin to allow gas, nutrients and waste exchange between blood and tissues; lymph capillaries collect lymph fluid from tissues and carry it to large lymph vessels

Front 34

carbon dioxide(CO2)

Back 34

waste product of cellular energy production; is removed from cells by blood and eliminated from body by lungs

Front 35

circulatory system

Back 35

also called cardiovascular sulystem. system that transports blood to all areas of the body: organs of the circulatory system include: heart and blood vessels, arteries, veins and capillaries,

Front 36

de oxygenated

Back 36

blood in veins that are low in oxygen content

Front 37

heart

Back 37

organ of cardiovascular system that contracts to pump blood through blood vessels. located in the mediastinum in center of chest cavity. more toward the left.

Front 38

oxygen (02)

Back 38

gaseous element absorbed by blood from air sacs in lungs; necessary for cells to make energy

Front 39

oxygenated

Back 39

term for blood with a high oxygen level

Front 40

pulmonary circulation

Back 40

pulmonary circulation transports deoxygenated blood from right side of heart to lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged; then it carries oxygenated blood back to left side of heart

Front 41

systemic circulation

Back 41

systemic circulation transports oxygenated blood from left side of heart to cells of body and then back to right side of heart

Front 42

veins

Back 42

blood vessels of cardiovascular system that carry blood toward heart

Front 43

apex

Back 43

directional term meaning tip or summit; am area of lungs and heart

Front 44

cardiac muscle

Back 44

involuntary muscle found in the heart

Front 45

mediastinum

Back 45

Front 46

endocardium

Back 46

inner layer of heart which is very smooth and lines chambers of heart. smooth and thin. reduces friction as the blood passes through the heart chambers

Front 47

epicardium

Back 47

outer layer of heart; forms part of pericardium

Front 48

myocardium

Back 48

middle layer of muscle, thick and composed of cardiac muscle; layer produces heart contractions. contracts to develop pressure required to pump blood through the vessels

Front 49

parietal pericardium

Back 49

outer layer of pericardium surrounding heart.

Front 50

pericardium

Back 50

double walled outer sac around heart, inner layer of pericardium is called epicardium, outer layer is the heart itself; this sac contains pericardial fluid that reduces friction caused by heart beating

Front 51

visceral pericardium

Back 51

inner layer of pericardium surrounding heart

Front 52

internal view of heart

Back 52

Hint 52

Front 53

atria

Back 53

3 upper chambers of heart, left atrium receives blood retuning from lungs and right atrium receives blood retuning from body

Front 54

interatrial septum

Back 54

wall or septum that divides left and right atria

Front 55

ventricles

Back 55

2 lower chambers of heart that receive blood from atria and pump it back out of heart; left ventricle pumps blood to body, and right ventricle pumps blood to lungs; also fluid filled spaces within cerebrum: certain cerebrospinal fluid, which is watery, clear fluid that provides protection from shock or sudden motion to brain.

Front 56

interventricular septum

Back 56

wall or septum that divides left and right ventricles

Front 57

aortic valve

Back 57

semilunar valve between left ventricle of heart and aorta in heart; prevents blood from flowing backwards into ventricles

Front 58

atrioventricular valve (AV or A-V)

Back 58

heart valves located between atrium and ventricle; includes tricuspid valve in right side of heart and bicuspid or mitral valve in left side of heart

Front 59

bicuspid valve

Back 59

valve between left atrium and ventricle; prevents blood from flowing backwards into atrium: has 2 cusps or flaps; also called mitral valve

Front 60

cusps

Back 60

leaflets or flaps of heart valve

Front 61

mitral valve

Back 61

valve between left atrium and ventricle in heart; prevents blood from flowing backwards into atrium: also called bicuspid valve because it has 2 cusps or flaps

Front 62

pulmonary valve

Back 62

semilunar valve between right ventricle and pulmonary artery in heart; prevents blood from flowing backwards into ventricles

Front 63

semilunar valve

Back 63

heart valves located between ventricles and great arteries leaving heart; pulmonary valve is located between right ventricle, and pulmonary artery and aortic valve are located between left ventricle abd aorta

Front 64

tricuspid valve

Back 64

valve between right atrium and ventricles of heart; prevents blood from flowing backwards into atrium, has 3 cusps or flaps

Front 65

4 valves that control blood flow

Back 65

1) tricuspid valve
2) pulmonary valve
3) mitral valve
4) aortic valve

Front 66

aorta

Back 66

largest artery in body; located in mediastinum and carries oxygenated blood away from left side of heart

Front 67

diastole

Back 67

period of time during which heart chamber is relaxed

Front 68

inferior vena cava

Back 68

branch of vena cava that drains blood from abdomen and lower body

Front 69

pulmonary artery

Back 69

large artery that carries deoxygenated blood from right ventricle to lung

Front 70

superior vena cava

Back 70

branch of vena cava that drains blood from chest and upper body

Front 71

systole

Back 71

period of time during which heart chamber is contracting

Front 72

path of blood flow through heart chambers

Back 72

Hint 72

Front 73

atrioventricular bundle

Back 73

In heart, conducts electrical impulse from atrioventricular node into ventricles formally called bundle of His

Front 74

atrioventricular node

Back 74

This area at junction of right atrium and ventricle receives stimulus from sinoatrial node and sends impulse to ventricles through bundle of His

Front 75

autoimmune nervous system (ANS)

Back 75

portion of nervous system consisting of nerves to internal organs that function involuntary; regulates functions of glands (especially salivary, gastric and sweat glands) , adrenal medulla, heart and smooth muscle tissue; system is divided into 2 parts: sympathetic and parasympathetic

Front 76

bundle branches

Back 76

part of conduction system of heart; electrical signal travels down interventricular septum

Front 77

bundle of His

Back 77

bundle of His is located in interventricular septum; receives electrical impulse from atrioventricular node and distributes it through ventricular walls, causing them to contract simultaneously

Front 78

purkinje fibers

Back 78

part of conduction system of heart: found in ventricular myocardium

Front 79

sinoatrial node (SA)

Back 79

Also called pacemaker of heart. area of right atria that indicates electrical pulse that causes heart to contact

Front 80

condution system of heart

Back 80

Front 81

electrocardiogram (EKG) wave

Back 81

Front 82

3 types of blood vessels

Back 82

1) arteries
2) capillaries
3) veins

Front 83

lumen

Back 83

space, cavity or channel within tube or tubular organ or structure in body such as vessels

Front 84

s
comparative structure of blood vessels

Back 84

Hint 84

Front 85

arterioles

Back 85

smallest branch of arteries; carries blood to capillaries

Front 86

coronary arteries

Back 86

group of 3 arteries that branch off aorta and carry blood to myocardium

Front 87

arteries

Back 87

large thick walled vessels that carry blood away from the heart. walls contain smooth muscle that contract or relax to change the size of the arterial lumen.

Front 88

major arteries of body

Back 88

Hint 88

Front 89

capillary bed

Back 89

network of capillaries found in a given tissue or organ. arterial blood flows into a capillary bed and venous blood flows back out.

Front 90

venules

Back 90

smallest veins; receive deoxygenated blood leaving capillaries. then merge into larger veins

Front 91

blood pressure (BP)

Back 91

measurement of pressure that is exerted by blood against walls of a blood vessel

Front 92

diastolic pressure

Back 92

lower pressure within blood vessels during relaxation: phase of heart beat. lower number of BP

Front 93

pulse (P)

Back 93

expansion and contraction produced by blood as it moves throug artery. pulse can be taken at several pulse points throughout the body where artery is close to surface

Front 94

systolic pressure

Back 94

maximum pressure within blood vessels during heart contraction. upper number of BP

Front 95

major veins of body

Back 95

Hint 95

Front 96

angitits

Back 96

inflammation of vessel

Front 97

angiospasm

Back 97

involuntary muscle contraction of the smooth muscle in the wall if a vessel. narrows the vessel

Front 98

angiostenosis

Back 98

narrowing of a vessel

Front 99

embolus

Back 99

The obstruction of a blood vessel by a blood clot that has broken off from a thrombus somewhere else in the body and traveled to the point of obstruction. If it occurs in a coronary artery it may result in a myocardial infraction

Front 100

infract

Back 100

an area of tissue within an organ or part that undergoes necrosis following the loss of its blood supply

Front 101

ischemia

Back 101

The localized and temporary deficiency of blood supply due to an obstruction to the circulation

Front 102

murmur

Back 102

a sound in addition to the normal heart sounds arising from blood flowing through the heart. This extra sound may or may not indicate heart abnormality

Front 103

ortho static hypotension

Back 103

The sudden drop in blood pressure a person experiences when standing straight up suddenly

Front 104

palpitations

Back 104

pounding racing heartbeat

Front 105

plaque

Back 105

a yellow, fatty deposit in an artery that is the hallmark of arthrostenosis also called an atheroma

Front 106

atheroma

Back 106

tumor like collection of fatty substances

Front 107

regurgitation

Back 107

to flow backwards. In the cardiovascular system this refers to the back flow of blood through a valve

Front 108

thrombus

Back 108

a blood clot forming within a blood vessel. may partially or completely occlude the blood vessel

Front 109

angina pectoris

Back 109

condition in which there is severe pain with a sensation of constriction around the heart. caused by a deficiency of oxygen to the heart muscle

Front 110

arrhythmia

Back 110

irregularity in the heartbeat or action. cones in many different forms: some are not serious while others are life threatening

Front 111

bundle branch block (BBB)

Back 111

occurs when the electrical impulse is blocked from traveling down the bundle of His or bundle branches. results in the ventricles beating at a different rate than the atria also called heart block

Front 112

cardiac arrest

Back 112

complete stopping of heart activity

Front 113

cardiomegaly

Back 113

enlarged heart

Front 114

cardiomyopathy

Back 114

General term for a disease of the myocardium. can be caused by alcohol abuse, patasites, viral infection and congestive heart failure. One of the most common reasons a patient may require a heart transplant

Front 115

congenital septal defect (CSD)

Back 115

a hole, present at birth, in the septum between 2 heart chambers. results in a mixture of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. There can be an atrial septal defect (ASD) and a ventricular septal defect ( VSD)

Front 116

congestive heart failure (CHF)

Back 116

pathological condition of the heart in which there is a reduced outflow of blood from the left side of the heart because the left ventricle myocardium has become too weak to efficiently pump blood. results in weakness, breathlessness and edema

Front 117

coronary artery disease (CAD)

Back 117

insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle due to an obstruction of one or more coronary arteries. may be caused by atherosclerosis and may cause angina pectoris and myocardial infraction

Front 118

endocarditis

Back 118

inflammation of the lining membranes of the heart. may be due to bacteria or to an abnormal immunological response. In bacterial endocarditis the mass of bacteria that forms is referred to as vegetation

Front 119

fibrillation

Back 119

am extremely serious arrhythmia characterized by am abnormal quivering or contraction of heart fibers. When this occurs in the ventricles, cardiac arrest and death can occur. emergency equipment to defibrillate or convert the heart to a normal beat is necessary

Front 120

flutter

Back 120

an arrhythmia in which the atria beat too rapidly but in a regular pattern

Front 121

heart valve prolapse

Back 121

condition in which the cusps or flaps of the heart valve are too loose and fail to shut tightly, allowing blood to flow backward through the valve when the heart chamber contracts. Most commonly occurs in the mitral valve but may affect any of the heart valves

Front 122

heart valve stenosis

Back 122

The cusps or flaps of the heart valve are too stiff. Therefore they are unable to open fully, making it difficult for blood to flow throw shut tightly , allowing blood to flow backward. This condition may affect any of the heart valves

Front 123

myocardial infraction

Back 123

condition caused by the partial or complete occlusion or closing of one or more of the coronary arteries. symptoms include a squeezing pain or heavy pressure in the middle of the chest. A delay in treatment could result in death. Also referred to as a heart attack

Front 124

myocarditis

Back 124

inflammation of the muscle layer of the heart wall

Front 125

pericarditis

Back 125

inflammation of the pericardial sac around the heart

Front 126

tetralogy of Fallot

Back 126

combination of 4 congenital anomalies: pulmonary stenosis, an interventricular septal defect, improper placement of the aorta and hypertrophy of the right ventricle. needs immediate surgery to correct

Front 127

valvulitis

Back 127

inflammation of a heart valve

Front 128

aneurysm

Back 128

weakness in the wall of an artery resulting in localized widening of the artery. Although an aneurysm may develop in any artery, common sites include the aorta in the abdomen and the cerebral arteries in the brain

Front 129

arteriorhexis

Back 129

ruptured artery. may occur if an aneurysm ruptures an arterial wall

Front 130

arteriosclerosis

Back 130

thickening, hardening and loss of elasticity of the walls of the arteries. Most often due to atherosclerosis

Front 131

atheroma

Back 131

a deposit of fatty substance on the wall of an artery that bulges into and narrows the lumen of the artery. A characteristic of atherosclerosis. Also called a plaque

Front 132

atherosclerosis

Back 132

The most common form of arteriosclerosis. caused by the formation of yellowish plaques of cholesterol on the inner walls of arteries

Front 133

coarctation of the aorta

Back 133

severe congenital narrowing of the aorta

Front 134

hemorrhoid

Back 134

varicose veins in the anal region

Front 135

hypertension

Back 135

blood pressure above the normal range.

Front 136

hypotension

Back 136

decrease in blood pressure. cam occur in shock, infection, cancer, anemia and as death approaches

Front 137

patent ductus arteriosus (PVD)

Back 137

congenital heart anomaly in which the fetal connection between the pulmonary artery and the aorta fails to close at birth. This condition may be treated with medication and resolve with time. In some cases surgery is required

Front 138

peripheral vascular disease (PVD)

Back 138

Any abnormal condition affecting blood vessels outside the heart. symptoms may include pain, pallor, numbness and loss of circulation and pulses.

Front 139

phlebitis

Back 139

inflammation of vein

Front 140

polyarteritis

Back 140

inflammation of several arteries

Front 141

Raynaud ' s phenomenon

Back 141

periodic ischemic attacks affecting the extremities of the body, especially the fingers, toes, ears and nose. The affected extremities become cyanotic and very painful. These attacks are brought on by arterial constriction due to extreme cold or emotional stress

Front 142

thrombophlebitis

Back 142

inflammation of a vein resulting in the formation of blood clots within the vein

Front 143

varicose veins

Back 143

swollen and distended veins. usually in the legs

Front 144

auscultation

Back 144

process of listening to the sounds within the body by using stethoscope

Front 145

sphygmomanometer

Back 145

instrument for measuring blood pressure. Also referred to as blood pressure cuff

Front 146

stethoscope

Back 146

instrument for listening to body sounds such as chest, heart and intestines

Front 147

cardiac enzymes

Back 147

blood test to determine the level of enzymes specific to heart muscles in the blood. an increase of enzymes may indicate heart muscle damage such as myocardial infraction. The enzymes include: creatine phosphokinase (CPK) , lactate dehydroge-nase (LDH) and glutamic oxaloacetoc transaminase (GOT)

Front 148

serum lipoprotein level

Back 148

blood test to measure the amount if cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. an indicator of atherosclerosis risk

Front 149

angiogram

Back 149

X ray of a vessel taken during angiography

Front 150

angiography

Back 150

X rays taken after the injection of am opaque material into blood vessel. can be performed on the aorta as an aortic angiography. on the heart as angiocardiography. and on the brain as cerebral angiography

Front 151

cardiac scan

Back 151

patient is given radioactive thallium intravenously and then scanning equipment is used to visualize the heart. It is especially useful in determining myocardial damage

Front 152

doppler ultrasonography

Back 152

measurement of sound wave echoes as they bounce off tissue and organs to produce an image. In this system used to measure velocity of blood moving through blood vessels to look for blood clots or deep vein thromoses

Front 153

echocardiography

Back 153

noninvasive diagnostic method using ultrasound to visualize internal cardiac structure, cardiac valve activity can be evaluated using this method

Front 154

catheter

Back 154

flexible tube inserted into the body for the purpose of moving fluids into or out of the body. . In the cardiovascular system a catheter is used to place dye into blood vessels so they may be visualized on X rays

Front 155

cardiac catherization

Back 155

passage of a thin tube catheter through a blood vessel leading to the heart. done to detect abnormalities to collect cardiac blood samples, and to determine the blood pressure within the heart

Front 156

electrocardiogram

Back 156

hard copy record produced by electrocardiography

Front 157

Holter monitor stress testing

Back 157

portable EGG monitor worn by a patient for a period of a few hours to a few days to assess the heart and pulse activity as the person goes through the activities of daily living. used to assess a patient who experiences chest pain and unusual heart activity during exercise and normal activities

Front 158

stress testing

Back 158

method for evaluating cardiovascular fitness. The patient us placed on a treadmill or a bicycle and then subjected to steadily increasing levels of work. an EKG and oxygen levels are taken while the patient exercises. tge test us stopped if abnormalities occur on the EKG. Also called an exercise test or a treadmill test

Front 159

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Back 159

procedure to restore cardiac output and oxygenated air to the lungs f I r a person in cardiac arrest. A combination of chest compressions and respiration performed by one or 2 CPR trained rescuers

Front 160

defibrillation

Back 160

procedure that converts serious irregular heartbeats by giving electric shocks to the heart using instrument called a defibrilator. Also called cardioversion. automated external defibrillators (AED) are portable devices that automatically detect life threatening arrhythmias. abd deliver the appropriate electrical shock. they are designed to be used by non medical persons and are found I'm public places.

Front 161

extra corporeal circulation (ECC)

Back 161

During open heart surgery, the routing of blood to a heart lung machine so it can be oxygenated and pumped to the rest of body.

Front 162

implantable cardioverter defibrilator (ICD)

Back 162

device implanted in the heart that delivers an electrical shock to restore a normal heart rhythm. particularly useful for persons who experience ventricular fibrillation

Front 163

pacemaker implantation

Back 163

electrical device that substitutes for the pacemaker of the heart. It controls the beating of the heart by a series of rhythmic electrical impulses. an external pacemaker has the electrodes on the outside of the body. am internal pacemaker has the electrodes surgically implanted within the chest wall.

Front 164

thrombolytic therapy

Back 164

process in which drugs; such as streptokinase (SK)or tissue type plasminogen activator (tpa) are injected into a blood vessel to dissolve clots and restore blood flow

Front 165

aneurysm ectomy

Back 165

surgical removal of sac of an aneurysm

Front 166

arterial anastomosis

Back 166

surgical joining together of 2 arteries. performed if an artery is severed or it is damaged section of an artery is removed

Front 167

atherectomy

Back 167

surgical procedure to remove a deposit of fatty substance. an atheroma from an artery

Front 168

coronary artery bypass graft

Back 168

Open heart surgery in which a blood vessel from another location in the body (often leg vein) is grafted to route blood around a blocked coronary artery

Front 169

embolectomy

Back 169

removal of an embolus or clot from blood vessel

Front 170

endarterectomy

Back 170

removal of the diseased or damaged inner lining of an artery. usually performed to remove atherosclerosis plaques

Front 171

heart transplantation

Back 171

replacement of a diseased or malfunctioning heart with a donors heart

Front 172

intracoronary artery stent

Back 172

placement of a stent within a coronary artery to treat coronary ischemia due to atherosclerosis

Front 173

ligation and stripping

Back 173

surgical treatment for varicose veins. The damaged vein is tied off (ligation) and removed (stripping)

Front 174

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

Back 174

method for treating localized coronary artery narrowing. A balloon catheter is inserted through the skin into the coronary artery and inflated to dilate the narrow blood vessel

Front 175

stent

Back 175

stainless steel tube placed within a blood vessel or a duct to widen the lumen

Front 176

valve replacement

Back 176

removal of a diseased heart valve abd replaced with an artificial valve

Front 177

valvoplasty

Back 177

surgical procedure to repair a heart valve

Front 178

ACE Inhibitor drugs

Back 178

produce vasodilation and decrease blood pressure. ex: benazeptil, lotensin, catopril, capoten

Front 179

antiarrhythmic

Back 179

reduces or prevents cardiac arrhythmia
ex: flecainide, tambocor, ibutilide, corvert

Front 180

anticoagulant

Back 180

prevents blood clot formation.
ex: warfarin sodium, coumadin, warfarin

Front 181

antipidemic

Back 181

reduces amount of cholesterol and lipids in the bloodstream. treats hyperlipidemia.
ex: atorvastin, lipitor, simvastin, zocor

Front 182

antiplatelet agents

Back 182

inhibits the ability of platelets to clump together as part of a blood clot
ex: clopidogrel, plavix, aspirin, ticlopidine, ticlid

Front 183

beta blocker drugs

Back 183

treats hypertension and angina pectoris by lowering the heart rate.
ex: metopropol, lopressor, propranolol, inderal

Front 184

calcium channel blocker drugs

Back 184

treats hypertension, angina pectoris and congestive heart failure by causing the heart to beat less forcefully and less often
ex: diltiazem, cardizem, nifedipine, procardia

Front 185

cardiotonic

Back 185

increases the force of cardiac muscle contraction. treats congestive heart failure
ex: digoxin, lanoxin

Front 186

diuretic

Back 186

increases urine production by the kidneys which works to reduce plasma and therefore blood volume resulting in lower blood pressure
ex: furosemide, lasix

Front 187

thrombolytic

Back 187

dissolves existing blood clots
ex: tissue plasminogen activator (tpa), alteplase, activase

Front 188

vasoconstrictor

Back 188

contracts smooth muscle in walls of blood vessels raises blood pressure
ex; metaraminol, aramine

Front 189

vasodilator

Back 189

relaxes the smooth muscle in the walls of arteries thereby increasing diameter of the blood vessel. used for 2 main purposes; increasing circulation to an ischemic area and reducing blood pressure
ex: nitroglycerine, nitro-dur, isoxsuprine, vasodilan

Front 190

AED

Back 190

automated external defibrillator

Front 191

AF

Back 191

atrial fibrillation

Front 192

AMI

Back 192

acute myocardial infarction

Front 193

AS

Back 193

arteriosclerosis

Front 194

ASD

Back 194

atrial septal defect

Front 195

ASHD

Back 195

arteriosclerotic heart disease

Front 196

AV, A-V

Back 196

atrioventricular

Front 197

BBB

Back 197

bundle branch block

Front 198

CABG

Back 198

coronary artery bypass graft

Front 199

CAD

Back 199

coronary artery disease

Front 200

CC

Back 200

cardiac catherization chief complaint

Front 201

CCU

Back 201

coronary care unit

Front 202

CoA

Back 202

coarctation of the aorta

Front 203

CP

Back 203

chest pain

Front 204

CSD

Back 204

congenital septal resuscitation

Front 205

CV

Back 205

cardiovascular

Front 206

CPR

Back 206

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Front 207

ECC

Back 207

extra corporeal circulation

Front 208

ECG, EKG

Back 208

electrocardiogram

Front 209

ECHO

Back 209

echocardiogram

Front 210

GOT

Back 210

glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase

Front 211

HTN

Back 211

hypotension

Front 212

ICD

Back 212

implantable cardioverter defibrilator

Front 213

LVAD

Back 213

left ventricular assist device

Front 214

LVH

Back 214

left ventricular hypertrophy

Front 215

MI

Back 215

myocardial infarction, mitral insufficiency

Front 216

mm Hg

Back 216

millimeters of mercury

Front 217

MR

Back 217

mitral regurgitation

Front 218

MS

Back 218

mitral stenosis

Front 219

MVP

Back 219

mitral valve prolapse

Front 220

PAC

Back 220

premature atrial contraction

Front 221

PDA

Back 221

patent ductus arteriosus

Front 222

PTCA

Back 222

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

Front 223

PVC

Back 223

premature ventricular contraction

Front 224

S1

Back 224

First heart sound

Front 225

S2

Back 225

Second heart sound

Front 226

SA, S-A

Back 226

sinoatrial

Front 227

SK

Back 227

streptokinase

Front 228

tPA

Back 228

tissue type plasminogen activator

Front 229

V fib

Back 229

ventricular fibrillation

Front 230

VSD

Back 230

ventricular septal defect

Front 231

VT

Back 231

ventricular tachycardia