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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pericardium
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Smooth membrane that surrounds the heart
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Name given to the two upper cavities of the heart
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Atrium
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Name given to the two lower cavities of the heart
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Ventricle
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Myocardium
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Muscular tissue of the heart
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Sinuatrial Node
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Pacemaker; initiates the heart beat
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Cardiac Output
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Amount of blood ejected from one ventricle in one minute
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Systole
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Phase of the cardiac cycle in which contraction occurs
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Atrioventricular Node
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Nerve tissue lying between the atria and ventricle that forms part of the conduction system of the heart
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Semilunar valve
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Name given to the aortic and pulmonary valves; comprise three semilunar shaped segments
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Bundle of His
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Specialised bundle of nerve tissue found in the septum of the heart
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End diastolic volume
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Volume of blood in the ventricles just before systole
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Arteries
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Vessels which carry blood away from the heart
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Veins
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Vessels that carry blood toward the heart
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Capillaries
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Join the end of the arteries to the starting point of the veins
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Haemoglobin
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Substance that binds to oxygen in the red blood cells of arterial blood
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Erthrocytes
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Red blood cells; carry oxygen to the tissues and carbon dioxide away from the tissues
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Vasoconstriction
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Narrowing of the blood vessels which results in reduced blood flow to a particular part of the body
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Tunica media
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Middle layer of walls of arteries and veins. Comprises smooth muscle and elastic fibres. Is thicker in arteries that in veins.
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3 mechanisms of venous return
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1. Muscular pump
2. Respiratory pump 3. Valves |
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Vascular shunt
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Redistribution of blood during exercise such that more goes to the skeletal muscle and less to other organs. Involves vasoconstriction of arterioles supplying the non-skeletal muscle, vasodilation of arterioles supplying skeletal muscle, and openinng of the precapillary sphincters in the capillary networks supplying skeletal muscle.
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Haemoglobin has the highest affinity for which of the following?
Oxygen Carbon Dioxide Carbon Monoxide |
Carbon Monoxide (a constituent of cigarette smoke)
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Effect of an acute exercise bout on systolic BP?
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Systolic BP tends to increase during acute exercise (an increase in cardiac output offsets the vasodilation occuring in skeletal muscle)
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