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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the innermost layer of the arterial wall?
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endothelium
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What is important about the middle layer of the artery wall?
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contains elastic tissue, important because this helps continually move blood in a forward direction even when the heart isn't pumping.
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What is the outer layer of the artery wall made up of?
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connective tissue
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What results when the artery wall is weakened or damaged?
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aneurysm
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What is an aneurysm? And what condition would people with aneurysms typically have?
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Bulge, hypertension
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The greater the number of vessels dilated, the (blank) the blood pressure?
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Lower
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Where does the exchange of materials between the blood and the interstitial fluid take place?
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The capillaries
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What is a capillary made of?
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a single layer of endothelium
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What can exercise do to the capillaries?
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increases the quantity and density of capillaries in the heart, lungs, and skeletal muscles for greater efficiency.
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What are arteries mostly composed of?
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smooth muscle
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What causes muscle fibers to constrict and dilate?
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smooth muscle in arteriole wall
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What contracts when a capillary bed is closed, why would it be closed?
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precapillary sphincters, only certain capillaries are open at any given time in order to perform a specific function (e.g. eating, digestive systme capillaries open)
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When a capillary bed is closed, what contracts and how does blood move from arteriole to venule?
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precapillary sphincters contract, an arteriovenous shunt
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Which ways to veins conduct blood?
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towards the heart
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how is a vein's wall different from an artery/
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less smooth muscle in the middle layer and less connective tissue in the outer layer. THINNER
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How much blood in in the veins at any one time? How function do the veins serve?
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about 70%, they act as a blood reservoir
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