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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Systemic Circuit
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Left heart- High pressure
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Pulmonary Circuit
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Right heart- Low pressure
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3 LAYERS OF THE HEART
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PERICARDIUM
MYOCARDIUM ENDOCARDIUM |
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4 CHAMBERS OF THE HEART
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2 ATRIA,
2 VENTRICALS |
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SEPTUM
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SEPARATES THE ATRIA AND VENTIRICLES
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4 VALVES
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AORTIC VALVE
PULMONARY VALVE TRICUSPID VALVE MITRIAL VALVE |
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CARDIAC FILLING
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1 CONTRACTION AND 1 RELAXATION
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MAIN STRUCTURES
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CORONARY ARTERIES,
OSTIA VEINS SINUS |
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MYOCARDIAL CELLS
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MUSCLE CELLS THAT CONDUT IMPULSES RAPIDLY AND EFFECIENTLY
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SA NODE
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1
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AV NODE
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2
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BUNDLE OF HIS
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3
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RIGHT AND LEFT BRANCH BUNDLE
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4
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PURKINJIE FIBERS
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5
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RIGHT BUNDLE BLOCK
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VERY COMMON WITH ANY DAMAGE TO THE ENDOCARDIUM
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HOW MUCH O2 IS USED BY THE MYOCARDIUM AT REST
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75%
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ADENOSINE
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VASODILATOR THAT IS RELEASED FOR INCREASE O2 DEMAND. SO THAT THE BLOOD FLOW INCREASES
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PRELOAD
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HOW FULL THE VENTICLE IS RIGHT BEFORE IT STARTS TO CONTRACT
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FRANK/STARLING LAW
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TO A POINT THE MORE MYOCARDIAL FIBERS ARE STRETCHED THE MORE FORCEFUL THE CONTRACTION WILL BE
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AFTERLOAD
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THE RRESISTANCE TO EJECTION DURING SYSTOLE ( TE PRESSURE THE HEART MUST PUMP AGAINST
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HEART RATE
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IF YOU INCREASE YOUR hr TO 75 YOU INCREASE YOUR CO
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CONTRACTILITY
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THE STRENGTH OF THE MUSC;LE TO PUMP OR CONTRACT
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4 FACTORS EFFECTING CARDIAC OUTPUT
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PRELOAD, AFTERLOAD, HEART RATE, CONTRACTILITY
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CORONARY PERFUSION PRESSURE
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THE DIFF. IN AORTIC PRESSURE AND PRESSURE IN THE CORONARY VASCULAR BED.
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STROKE VOLUME
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VOL OF BLOOD EJECTED PER BEAT DURING A SYSTOLE
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CARDIAC OUTPUT
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VOLUME OF BLOOD FLOWING THROUGH A CIRCUIT PER MIN
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BERGERS DISEASE
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USUALLY 20+ MALES AT ONSET
90% HEAVY SMOKERS PROGRESSIVE INFLAMMATION OF PERIPHERAL ARTERIES AT FEET. WILL PROGRESS TO OCCLUSION. sx. PAIN, TENDERNESS TX QUIT SMOKING, VASODILATORS |
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REYNAUD'S PHENOMENA
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YOUNG FEMALES, SMOKERS, VASOSPASMS OF SMALL ARTERIES IN THE FINGERS
SX= PALLOR, PAIN, COLDNESS, NUMBNESS TX = STOP SMOKING SSRI |
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PERCARDIAL EFFUSSION
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AN ACCUMULATION OF FLUID BETWEEN THE PERCARDIUM AND THE HEART
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CARDIOMYOPATHIES
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MYOCARDIAL CELLS ARE DAMAGE OR DESTROYED. CELLS THAT REPLACE THEM ARE LARGE AND CLOSER TOGETHER AND LESS FLEXIBLE.
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MTRAL POLAPSE
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MITRAL VALVE CUSP FLOATS UP TOO HIGH DURING SYSTOLE. IT CAN CAUSE A SMALL MURMUR
TX.SSRI SX PALPITATION, DIZZINESS, SYNCOPE, PANIC ATTACK |
