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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which way do the vertebrae rotate in a visceral dysfunction
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Vertebrae rotate towards visceral dysfunction
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sympathetic innervation of the heart has its origins ___
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cord segments T 1-6
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The parasympathetic innervation of the heart has its origins from ___
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Vagus Nerve
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When the Ventricles are involved in production of pain, it tends to refer to
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C8 to T3 dermatomes
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When the Atria are responsible for the pain, it tends to occur
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lower in the chest wall in the T4 to T6 dermatomes
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Where are the posterior Chapman reflex points?
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Midway between the spinous process and the tips of the transverse processes in the space between the transverse processes of T2 & T3 bilaterally
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Where are the anterior Chapman Myocardial Reflexes?
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2nd intercostal space at the Sternal Border
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Where are the posterior Chapman Myocardial Reflexes?
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The space between the transverse processes of T2 and T3 midway between the spinous process and the tip of the transverse process
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Where are the anterior Chapman Adrenal Reflexes?
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Lateral Aspect of rectus abdominus at the level of the inferior margin of the costal margin
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Where are the posterior Chapman Adrenal Reflexes?
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Intertransverse spaces on both sides of T11 and T12 midway between the spinous processes and transverse processes
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Severe Scoliosis with thoracic curve greater than ____ seriously compromises cardiac function
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60-75 degrees
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Severe Kyphosis measuring greater than __ degrees compromises cardiac function
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60 degrees
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Patients with flattening of the thoracic kyphosis or with postural crossovers in the upper thoracics, tend to develop _____ when subjected to other stressors
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tachyarrhythmias
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triggerpoint located in the right pectoralis major muscle which serves an initiating or perpetuation role in Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias
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5th intercostal space
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Abnormal gait patterns may increase cardiac work by up to ___%
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300%
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Autonomics Innervation of the heart emanates from
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cord segments T1-T6
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Right sided fibers of the heart innervate ___
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right heart and sinoatrial (SA) node.
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Hypersympathecotonia in heart right sided fibers predisposes
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supraventricular tachyarrhythmias
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autonomic heart Left sided sympathetic fibers innervate ___
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left heart and atrioventricular (AV) node
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Hypersympathecotonia in LEFT heart sympathetic fibers predisposes to
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ectopic foci and ventricular fibrillation
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Reduction in sympathetic tone in blood vessels produces
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relative vasodilation
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Vasculature of the arms receives its sympathetic supply from
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T2 to T8 levels
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Vasculature of the legs receives its sympathetic supply from
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T11 to L2 levels
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Vagus nerves have fibers join and course to them from
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C-1 & C-2 nerve roots
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Observation of patients has demonstrated that correction of high cervical somatic dysfunction results in
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transient increase in vagal tone followed by a reduction in vagal effect
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Right Vagus innervates what part of the heart?
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Sino Atrial Node
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Hyperactivity of the right vagus predisposes
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sinus bradyarrythmias
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Left Vagus innervates the ___
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Atrio Ventricular Node
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Hyperactivity of left vagus predisposes
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AV Blocks
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Deep pressure over the ______ on the skull will reflexly slow the heart
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occipitomastoid suture
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Lymphs Heart drains predominantly to the
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right lymphatic duct
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Lymphatic drainage from the heart and lungs is carried back to the heart primarily by the
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right lymphatic duct
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Head and neck Lymph drains to
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Right Jugular Trunk
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Heart, Lungs, Liver Lymph drain to
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Right Bronchomediastinal Trunk
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Right Limb lymph drains to
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Right Subclavian Trunk
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Pleural causes of chest pain
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effusion, consolidation, bronchospasm, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary hypertension, pneumothorax, hemothorax, atelectasis, asthma, copd, pneumonia
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Musculoskeletal disorders of chest pain
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strain, sprain, contusion, fracture, costochondritis, fibrositis, myositis, thoracic outlet syndrome, diaphragmatic dysfunction, ankylosing spondylitis, disc disease
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Cardiac causes of chest pain
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coronary ischemia, myocardial infarction, arrhythmias
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Infections that cause chest pain
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viral, bacterial, parasitical, fungal, mediastinitis, pleurisy, interstitial pneumonitis, bronchitis, tracheitis
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In CHF, lymphatic flow through the thoracic duct increases ___ times the resting level
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3-40 times
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Acute MI autonomics Techniques are directed at dysfunctions located
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OA, C1, C2, T1 to T4 and R1 to R4
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Acute MI autonomics Paraspinal soft tissue techniques may be performed from
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T1 to L2 to generally diminish sympathetic tone and decrease peripheral vascular resistance
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Cranial Acute MI autonomics treatment is ___
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Treat dysfunction of the skull base and occipitomastoid suture, if present
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"Acute MI Lymphatics
Apply indirect techniques to the_____ Apply _____ to assist inhalation and promote lymphatic flow Redome diaphragm using_____ technique " |
"Lymphatics
Apply indirect techniques to the thoracic inlet Apply pectoral traction to assist inhalation and promote lymphatic flow Redome diaphragm using indirect AP diaphragm technique " |
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Autonomics treatment for hypertension is directed to
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"entire sympathetic bed (T1 to L2) to generally decrease peripheral vascular resistance
Study of 100 hypertensive patients Drop of 33 mm Hg Systolic Drop of 9 mm Hg Diastolic " |
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What are the chapman points for hypertension
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"Treat Posterior Adrenal Points
Drop of 15 mm Hg Systolic Drop of 8 mm Hg Diastolic Serum Aldosterone decreased for 36 hours post-treatment " |
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"CHF Lymphatics
Treat any restriction at the ____ Treat dysfunctions of the ___, _____, and rib cage _____ the diaphragm Apply thoracic, abdominal and pedal lymphatic pumps" |
"Lymphatic
Treat any restriction at the thoracic inlet Treat dysfunctions of the thoracic spine, L1 to L3, and rib cage Redome the diaphragm Apply thoracic, abdominal and pedal lymphatic pumps " |
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What OMT treatment was used for Post-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
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"Balanced Ligamentous Tension
Bilateral Posterior Thoracic Cage Release Indirect Myofascial Release of the Sternum Antero-Posterior Thoracic Cage Release Indirect Myofascial Release of the Diaphragm Antero-Posterior Diaphragm Release Occipito-Atlantal Decompression Condylar Decompression Rib Raising From the Head of the Table R1-5 only Sibson’s Fascia Release Direct Myofascial Release version " |
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Where are the anterior Chapman reflex points?
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"Close to the sternum in the second intercostal space bilaterally
(between the second and third ribs)" |
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"In the healthy heart, increased sympathetic tone
_____ the force of contraction _____ the time of systole ______ ventricular output ______ the rate of contraction ______ the blood pressure " |
"In the healthy heart, increased sympathetic tone
Increases the force of contraction Shortens the time of systole Increases ventricular output Increases the rate of contraction Raise the blood pressure " |
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Consequences of Increased Sympathetic Tone in cardiovascular
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"Vasospasm
Increases morbidity following myocardial infarction Predisposes to arrhythmias Inhibits development of collateral circulation Adversely affects degree of recovery post-MI " |
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"Consequences of Increased Sympathetic Tone
Vasomotor nerves are _____ _______ peripheral vascular resistance _______ cardiac work-load ________ tone implicated in essential hypertension due to vascular changes with the kidneys" |
"Vasomotor nerves are unopposed
Increased peripheral vascular resistance Increased cardiac work-load Increased tone implicated in essential hypertension due to vascular changes with the kidneys" |
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"Consequences of Increased Sympathetic Tone
______ lymphatic drainage _______ bronchodilation _______ gastrointestinal activity Transmits ____sensitive, ______sensitive, and ____ from the heart Is involved in almost all disease processes" |
"Diminished lymphatic drainage
Increases bronchodilation Decreases gastrointestinal activity Transmits chemosensitive, mechanosensitive, and pain fibers from the heart Is involved in almost all disease processes " |
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What is the Oculocardiac Reflex?
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"Pressure on the carotid body or the globe of the eye (Oculocardiac Reflex) will also slow the heart
Slows heart by 5-13 bpm Will not slow at all in sympathecotonic patients" |
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Parasympathetics cause peripheral arteriolar vasodilation in select situations (5)
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"Vessels of Submaxillary Gland
Vessels of Parotid Gland Vessels in the Blush Region of the Face Vessels in the tongue Vessels of the penis & clitoris (erection & engorgement)" |
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"Parasympathetics
_____ heart rate and contractility ______ bronchoconstriction ______ gastrointestinal activity Only rarely causes _____ " |
"Decrease heart rate and contractility
Increase bronchoconstriction Increase gastrointestinal activity Only rarely causes vasodilation " |
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OMM Treatment for Acute Myocardial Infarction
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"General
Use indirect methods or soft tissue techniques for at least first 72 hours post MI Somatic Search for right Pectoralis Major trigger point Treat if present " |
