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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cardiovascular Dysfunction
Divided into 2 major categories 1 |
Congenital Heart Disease •Acquired
Cardiac Disorders |
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Congenital Heart Disease (CHD)
2 |
Incidence: 4-10/1000 live births
Associated Factors: Maternal rubella during pregnancy Maternal alcoholism Maternal age > 40 Maternal type 1 diabetes |
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Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) cont.
3 |
Increased of CHD:
Sibling with CHD Parent with CHD Chromosomal Alteration - Trisomy 21 Other non-cardiac anomalies |
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Classifications of Defects
4 |
Historically: Cyanotic and Acyanotic
Current: Hemodynamic Characteristics Increased pulmonary blood flow Decreased pulmonary blood flow Obstruction to blood flow out of the heart Mixed blood flow |
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Defects with Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow
5 |
ASD, VSD, and PDA
Intracardiac Communication Along Sep turn Betw een Great Arteries |
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Obstructive Defects
6 |
Blood exiting the heart encounters a narrowing or "stenosis" ■ Valvular
Subvalvular Supravalvular Coarctation of the Aorta Aortic/Pulmonic Stenosis |
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Defects with Decreased Pulmonary Blood Flow
7 |
Tetralogy of Fallot, Tricuspid Atresia
Obstruction of pulmonary blood flow Anatomical Defect - ASD or VSD |
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Mixed Defects
8 |
Transposition of the Great Arteries
Truncus Arteriosus Survival depends on mixing of blood from the pulmonary and systemic circulations within the heart chambers |
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Congestive Heart Failure
9 |
Heart cannot pump an adequate amount to meet metabolic needs
Right-sided failure Left-sided failure |
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Management
10 |
Goals:
Improve cardiac function Remove accumulated fluid Decrease cardiac dema nds Improve oxygenation, decrease consumption |
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How do we do that?
11 |
Digoxin
ACE Inhibitors - Capoten, Vasotec Diuretics - Lasix, Aldactone Bed rest, oxygen, sedation |
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Nursing Care
12 |
Help with Adjustment; age appropriate
Educate; age appropriate Help with Coping Prepare Family for Surgery |
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Acquired Cardiovascular Disorders
13 |
Bacterial Infective Endocarditis Rheumatic Fever Cardiac Dysrhythmias Cardiac Myopathy Kawaski Disease
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