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89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to the organs, glands, and tissues.
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Artery
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The cell free fluid of the bloodstream. Appears in a test tube after the blood clots.
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Serumm
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An essential hormone produced by the pancreas. It regulates the metabolism of sugar in the body.
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Insulin
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Any of the smallest blood vessels connecting arterioles with venules and forming networks throughout the body.
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Capillary
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A condition resulting from an unusually low number of red blood cells or too little hemoglobin in the red blood cells.
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Anemia
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Anemia caused by a vitamin B-12 deficiency.
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Anemia Pernicious
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A transfusion of one's own blood that has been preserved for later use. This stored personal blood is a protection against AIDS, hepatitis, and other communicable diseases.
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Autologous Transfusion
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Pertaining to the heart.
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Cardiac
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Abnormal heart rate or rhythm
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Cardiac Arrhythmias
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The heart and its associated vessels.
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Cardiovascular System
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High blood pressure
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Hypertension
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Abnormally low calcium levels in the blood
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Hypocalcemia
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Low blood pressure
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Hypotension
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A sudden severe attack usually caused by arteriosclerosis, that results in brain damage.
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Stroke
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A molecule of which iron is an essential component. Necessary in the red blood cells' transport of oxygen.
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Hemoglobin
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Any of the hemoglobin-containing cells that carry oxygen to the tissues and are responsible for the red color of blood.
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Red Blood Cell
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Substances in the bloodstream, especially Vitamin K that are important in the process of blood clotting. Prolonged bleeding is produced when these substances are absent.
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Clotting Factors
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Chest pain with sensations of suffocation caused by temporary reduction of oxygen to the heart muscle through narrowed diseased coronary arteries.
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Angina Pectoris
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A common arterial disorder characterized by calcified yellowish plaques, lipids, and cellular debris in the inner layers of the walls of large and medium-sized arteries.
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Arteriosclerosis
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A form of arteriosclerosis associated with the formation of atheromas which are accumulations of fatty deposits in the artery wall.
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Atherosclerosis
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The number of red and white blood cells and platelets in a sample of blood.
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Blood Count
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Anemia caused by excessive destruction of red blood cells.
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Hemolytic Anemia
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Abnormally high calcium levels in the blood.
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Hypercalcemia
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Low blood sugar
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Hypoglycemia
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Elevation of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood
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Hyperlipidemic
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High blood sugar level
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Hyperglycemia
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Outflow of blood from a ruptured blood vessel, especially internal bleeding.
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Hemorrhage
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Blowing or swishing noise produced by blood passing through a defective heart valve.
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Heart Murmur
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Inadequate pumping of the heart ventricles due to coronary thrombosis, hypertension, or arrhythmia
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Heart Failure
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The right and left coronary arteries supply blood to the heart. Flow is considered insufficient if it cannot meet the needs of the heart.
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Coronary Insufficiency
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Serious condition affecting the coronary arteries
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Coronary Heart Disease
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Inability of the heart to adequately supply blood to body tissue, often due to weakening of cardiac muscle, causing body swelling and shortness of breath.
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Congestive Heart Failure
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Bleeding from the cerebral artery into brain tissue
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Cerebral Hemorrhage
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Spread of a malignant tumor far from its site of origin, usually through the vascular system.
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Metastasis
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Inflammation of a vein wall, especially in legs as a complication of varicose veins, causing extreme tenderness.
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Phlebitis
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Inflammation of the heart
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Carditis
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Abnormal narrowing of a heart valve.
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Cardiac Stenosis
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Prolonged invasion of the bloodstream by pathogenic bacteria due to infectious disease or skin lesions; septicemia; toxemia.
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Blood Poisoning
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Presence of bacteria in blood, indicating infection.
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Bacteremia
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Rapid irregular twitchings of the wall of an atrium (chamber) of the heart.
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Atrial Fibrillation
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A process in which fatty substances (cholesterol and triglycerides) are deposited in the walls of medium to large arteries, eventually leading to blockage of the artery.
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Atherosclerosis
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Degeneration of artery walls due to fatty plaques and scar tissue; common form of arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis.
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Atheroma
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Absence of contraction. ___ is when the heart has stopped beating.
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Asystole
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Balloon-like swelling of an arterial wall.
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Aneurysm
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Obstruction by a blood clot in an artery that conveys blood from heart to lungs.
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Pulmonary Embolism
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Abnormal narrowing of a blood vessel or heart valve.
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Stenosis
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Contraction of heart muscle
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Systole
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The first number in a blood pressure reading; The pressure in the arteries during the contraction phase of the heartbeat.
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Systolic
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Abnormally increased heartbeat and pulse rate.
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Tachycardia
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Condition in which a blood clot forms at one point in circulation, dislodges, and moves to another point.
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Thromboembolism
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Causing thrombosis or coagulation of the blood.
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Thrombogenic
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Formation of a thrombus or blood clot
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Thrombosis
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Accumulation of toxins in the blood
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Toxemia
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Distended, sometimes painful vein in the leg, rectum, or scrotum due to obstruction of blood flow.
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Varicose Vein
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Inflammation of a blood vessel
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Vasculitis
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The constriction of blood vessels
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Vasoconstriction
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The amount of measurable virus in the blood
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Viral Load
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Opposition to flow of blood in vessels
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Peripheral Resistance
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Abnormally rapid or violent heartbeat, especially due to fear, exertion, neurosis, or arrhythmia.
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Palpitation
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The suppression of bone marrow activity, which can cause anemia.
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Myelosuppression
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Recurrent, intense headache, often accompanied by blurred vision and vomiting, caused by contraction and dilation of arteries in the brain.
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Migraine
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Vasodilatory Polypeptide
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Kinin
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Reduced blood suppply to an organ or tissue.
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Ischemia
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A natural blood substance that helps immune system cells to communicate.
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Interleukin
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"Ino" is a prefix that refers to muscle. ___ ___s are ones that change the strength of contraction of the heart muscle.
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Inotropic Effect
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The percentage of packed red blood cells in a given volume of blood. Normal ranges: women=37-43%, men=43-49%
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Hematocrit
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Formation of erythrocytes (red blood cells)
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Erythropoiesis
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Mass of matter that obstructs blood flow.
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Embolus
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A change in the amount of time it takes the heart to complete one beat.
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Dromotropic Effect
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Period of the cardiac cycle in which ventricles are not contracting.
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Diastole
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Minimum blood pressure during cardiac cycle
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Diastolic Pressure
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Refers to the strength of the heart muscle contraction. This is controlled by the autonomic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system increases and the parasympathetic nervous system decreases the strength of a contraction.
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Contractility
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Soft, thickened lump formed in liquid, especially blood.
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Clot
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An effect that changes the heart rate (ie the time between P-waves)
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Chronotropic Effect
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An herbal remedy that has a benefcial action on the heart. Some of the remedies in this group are powerful cardioactive agents such as foxglove; others are gentler, safer herbs such as hawthorn and motherwort.
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Cardiac Remedy
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Volume of blood pumped by either ventricle per minute.
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Cardiac Output
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Peptide vasodilator that increases capillary permeability and probably stimulates pain receptors.
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Bradykinin
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Slowing of the heart rate to under 50 beats per minute.
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Bradycardia
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The force exerted by blood as it is pumped by the heart and presses against and attempts to stretch blood vessels.
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Blood Pressure
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The breakdown product of the hemoglobin molecule of red blood cells.
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Bilirubin
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The time required for the cessation of bleeding from a small skin puncture as a result of platelet disintegration and blood vessel constriction. Ranges from 1-4 minutes.
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Bleeding time
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The part of blood serum that contains antibodies, used in temperary prevention of infectious diseases.
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Gamma Globulin
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Rapid, uncontrolled irregular twitching of heart muscle.
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Fibrillation
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Inflammation and damage to the heart cavity lining due to bacterial infection or rheumatic fever.
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Endocarditis
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Obstruction of an artery by a lodged blood clot, fat, air, or foreign body carried by circulating blood.
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Embolism
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One of 2 lower chambers of the heart.
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Ventricle
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A red blood cell whose primary function is to carry oxygen to cells.
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Erythrocyte
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Microscopic blood vessel that connects the smallest arteries with the capillary beds. ___ together with the smaller arteries make up the resistance vessels.
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Arteriole
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One of the upper chambers of the heart. Blood returning to the heart is stored in the atria before being ejected into the ventricles.
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Atrium
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