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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are 4 main functions of the cardiovascular system?
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To:
transport respiratory gases Remove waste products of metabolism Transport hormones Control temperature |
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Labels of circulation
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1 - brain
2 - lungs 3 - right side of heart 4 - left side of heart 5 - body 6 - caudal vena cava 7 - vena cava 8 - cranial vena cava 9-11 - aorta 12 - pulmonary artery 13 - pulmonary vein |
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What is the definition of cardiac output?
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The volume of blood ejected by one ventricle in one minute
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What is the major determinant of the magnitude of the C.O.?
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Oxygen requirement of body e.g. during exercise cardiac output increases to lungs
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How may the distribution of C.O. be affected?
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During exercise, cardiac output to skeletal muscle can increase to over 80% at expense of other areas
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What is systole?
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Period of ventricular contraction
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What is diastole?
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Period of ventricular relaxation
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Is the heart in systole or diastole?
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Diastole
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Is the heart in systole or diastole?
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Systole
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Which valves are open during systole?
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Pulmonary and aortic valve
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Which valves are open during diastole?
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Right AV (tricuspid) and left AV valve (mitral)
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How do you calculate cardiac output?
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C.O. (l/min) = heart rate (bpm) x stroke volume (l)
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What is stroke volume?
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The volume of blood pumped from one ventricle in one beat
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What is the effect of an increased heart rate on diastole?
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Diastole usually longer than systole at resting heart rate, at strenuous heart rate diastole is hugely reduced and shorter than systole
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What accounts for most of the ventricular filling during diastole?
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The pressure in the ventricles is less than
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