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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do obstructive and restrictive flow-volume loops look like?
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Obstructive is decreased top to bottom b/c flow rate is on the y-axis. Flow is dec in obstructive dx b/c of inc airway resistance
Restrictive is dec medial to lateral b/c the x-axis measures volume. Volume is dec in restrictive dx b/c the lungs have difficulty expanding |
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What measures are typically low with obstructive dx?
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FEV1, FEV1/FVC, FEF25-75%, PEFR
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What type of dx is PEFR dec in? Why?
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Obstructive, b/c peak exp. flow rate measures flow (speed) of expiration
Restrictive is usually normal |
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What measures are typically dec in restrictive dx?
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FVC nd FEV1 b/c dec volume
However, FEV1/FVC is not dec b/c both are dec proportionally |
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How does restrictive dx influence the flow-volume loop? Spirograph?
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F-V loops: Dec it horizontally
Spirograph: Dec it vertically |
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How does obstructive dx influence the flow-volume loop? Spirograph?
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Flow-volume: Dec it vertically
Spirograph: dec steepness of slope b/c of dec flow rat |
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What effect will ex have on restrictive dx?
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Inc RR b/c can't increase volume
This inc's dead space and energy expenditure and can cause hypocapnea |
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What effect will ex have on obstructive dx?
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Resp mm must work harder to overcome resistance in airways
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What is MVV?
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Max volunary ventilation
Max amt. of air that can be inhaled and exhaled in 15 sec (multiply by 4 to get 1 min) 124.8 = predicted value Tells you that you can inc your ventilation with ex and that this is or is not the limiting factor |
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What is O2 defecit and why does it occur? How do you calculate it?
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It is a decrease in oxygen consumption below the average steady state consumption
It occurs b/c initially we use anaerobic glycolysis, CPh stores, and O2 already bound to myoglobin and hgb to supply fuel to our musces Average steady state VO2 - VO2 at a particularl interval to calculate |
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What is EPOC?
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Inc rate of oxygen consumption following ex
Due to cellular repair, replenishing energy reserves, clear lactate, replenish glycogen |
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How do we meet the body's energy demands prior to attaining a steady state?
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Creating Phosphate
Anaerobic glycolysis Desaturate oxygen stores |
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How do you calculate EPOC?
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Avg resting VO2 - VO2 after ex
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Why does minute ventilation inc before ex starts?
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Feedforward system due proprioceptors and mechanoreceptors
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VO2 formula
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Q x a-vO2 difference (fick formula)
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What is RER and what does it tell you?
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Respirtory exchange ratio
VCO2/VO2 Tells you what fuel source you are using, .7 = fat, 1.0 = CHO |
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What happens to FEO2 and FECO2 with ex?
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FEO2 decreases b/c we extra O2 better
ECO2 increases b/c we are producing more CO2 and we need to get rid of it |
