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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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When to start HTN treatment in adults 60 and older |
150/90 |
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When to initiate HTN therapy for adults <60 |
140/90 |
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When to initiate therapy for HTN in patients with diabetes and CKD |
140/90 |
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Prehypertension |
Systolic 120-139 or diastolic 80-89 |
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Stage 1 hypertension |
Systolic 140 to 159 or diastolic 90-99 |
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Stage 2 hypertension |
Systolic >160 or diastolic >100 |
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Guidelines for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring at home for dx of HTN |
• 24hr average of 130/80 or above • awake average of 135/85 or above • sleeping average of 120/70 or above |
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Hypertensive emergency |
Diastolic blood pressure above 120 with symptoms of end organ damage |
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Hypertensive urgency |
Diastolic BP above 120 in asymptomatic patients |
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Risk factors for primary hypertension |
• age • obesity • family history • race • reduced nephron mass • high sodium diet (>3000 mg/day) • excessive alcohol consumption • physical inactivity • diabetes and dyslipidemia • hostile personality and depression • Vitamin D deficiency |
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Causes of secondary hypertension |
• Rx'd or OTC medications • illicit drug use • primary renal disease • primary aldosteronism • renovascular hypertension • obstructive sleep apnea • Cushing's syndrome • hypothyroidism, heperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism • coarctation of the aorta |
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Medications that can increase blood pressure |
• Oral contraceptives (with estrogen) • Nsaids • antidepressants • glucocorticoids • decongestants • weight loss medications • erythropoietin • cyclosporine • stimulants (i.e. amphetamines, cocaine) • herbal products (ephedra, ginseng, ma huang) |
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Complications of hypertension |
• Left ventricular hypertrophy • Heart failure • ischemic stroke • intracerebral hemorrhage • myocardial infarction |
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Tests to order for newly dx HTN |
• Electrolytes • serum creatine • fasting glucose • urinalysis • lipid profile • ECG • microalbumin |
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When are beta blockers typically used |
• Ischemic heart disease • Heart failure with decreased ejection fraction |
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Initial monotherapy in the AA population |
•thiazide diuretics • CCBs |
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When should you start with 2 HTN drugs vs monotherapy |
• if BP is greater than 20/10mm/hg of goal |
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Initial monotherapy of HTN in patients with CKD |
• ACE inhibitor • ARB |
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When should therapy be stepped up for HTN patients |
After 3 months of inadequate response |
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Metoprolol Succinate vs. Tartrate |
Succinate is ER and stays in the bloodstream for 24hrs. Treats HTN, HF, and angina. Tartrate is not extended release and treats HTN, angina, and is usually rx'd to people who have had heart attacks. |
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