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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What congenital heart disorders cause right-to-left shunts?
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Tetralogy of Fallot, Transposition of great vessels, Truncus arteriosus
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What congenital heart disorders cause left-to-right shunts?
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VSD, ASD, PDA
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What drug can be used to keep a PDA open? To close a patent PDA?
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PGE used to keep it open; Indomethacin used to close it
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What is the most common congenital cardiac anomaly?
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VSD
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What is Eisenmenger's anomaly?
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When there is a left-to-right shunt, there will be increased pulmonary resistance due to arteriolar thickening. This will lead to pulmonary HTN until the pulmonary BP reaches that of the systemic BP. Eventually the left-to-right shunt will change to a right-to-left shunt...caused by uncorrected VSD, ASD or PDA
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What is Tetralogy of Fallot?
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Pulmonary stenosis, RVH, Overriding aorta, and VSD
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What congenital cardiac defect is commonly seen with Turner's syndrome?
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Coarctation of aorta
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What congenital cardiac defect is commonly seen with Down syndrome?
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ASD, VSD
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What cardiac defect is commonly seen in infants of diabetic mothers?
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Transposition of great vessels
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What is Monckeberg?
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Calcification of the arteries - benign
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What is arteriolosclerosis?
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Hyaline thickening of small arteries in essential HTN. "onion skining"
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What is atherosclerosis?
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Fibrous plaques form in the intima of arteries
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What is Prinzmetal's variant angina?
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Angina that occurs at rest secondary to coronary artery spasm
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What is the most common coronary artery occlusion?
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LAD > RCA > Circumflex
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What murmur will be heard with mitral regurgitation?
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Holosystolic high-pitched "blowing murmur". loudest at apex
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What murmur will be heard with aortic stenosis?
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Crescendo-decrescendo systolic ejection murmur following ejection click.
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When will you hear a holosystolic murmur?
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VSD
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What will be heard with mitral prolapse?
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Late systolic murmur with mid-systolic click.
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When is a continuous machine-like murmur heard?
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PDA
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What is Libman-Sacks endocarditis? Caused by?
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Vegetations develop on both sides of valve but do not embolize. Caused by Lupus
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What is Virchow's triad?
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Stasis, hypercoagulability, and endothelial damage
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Where do most pulmonary emboli come from?
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Deep leg veins
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