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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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holosystolic murmur?
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mitral regurg
VSD |
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how is mitral regurge different from VSD?
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high pitched, blowign
loudest at apex |
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pulsus parvus et tardus?
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aortic stenosis
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midsystolic click, late systolic murmur?
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mitral prolapse
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wide pulse pressure?
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aortic regurg
3rd degree block (slower heart rate causes increase in SV) |
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high pitched blowing diastolic murmur?
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aortic regurg
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opening snap, late diastolic rumble?
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mitral stenosis
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what gets louder with inspiration?
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tricuspid stenosis
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loudest at the time of S2?
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PDA
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continuous, machine-like murmur?
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PDA
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transmural infarct is indicated by what on EKG?
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ST elevation
Q waves |
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distant heart sounds?
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tamponade
pericarditis |
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pulsus paradoxus?
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tamponade
pericarditis |
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serous pericarditis is caused by?
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lupus
rheumatoid arthritis uremia infection |
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fibrinous pericarditis is caused by?
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MI
uremia rheumatic fever |
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hemorrhagic pericarditis is caused by?
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TB
malignancy (ex. melanoma) |
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boot-shaped on X-ray?
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Tetralogy of Fallot
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best heard at left sternal border?
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aortic regurg
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Widened pulse pressure?
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aortic regurg
3rd degree block severe anemia |
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ASD
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loud S1
wide, fixed split S2 |
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most common congenital cardiac anomaly
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VSD
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what does low oxygen tension do to the ductus arteriosus?
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maintain patency
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what causes nonbacterial/marantic endocarditis?
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metastasis or renal failure
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subcutaneous nodules?
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rheumatic fever
rheumatoid arthritis |
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electrical alternans?
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cardiac tamponade
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what can lead to DIC?
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amniotic fluid emboli
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what can embolize to the CNS?
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myxomas
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rheumatic heart disease can cause...
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mitral regurg or mitral stenosis
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what murmurs give you an S3?
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mitral regurg
aortic regurg |
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what murmurs cause LVH?
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aortic stenosis AND mitral regurg
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greatly elevated L atrial pressure towards end of systole?
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mitral regurg
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what's endocardial fibroelastosis?
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restrictive heart disease in children
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what's endomyocardial fibrosis (Loffler's)?
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restrictive heart disease
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risk 4-10 days post MI?
risk 3-5 days post MI? |
rupture
fibrinous pericarditis |
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thallium 201 scan shows...
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perfusion defects
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troponin I time frame?
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rises after 4 hours, elevated 7-10 days
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what causes ST depression?
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digoxin
non-transmural infarct |
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when does neutrophil emigration occur?
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2-4 days
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pale infarcts occur in...
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heart
kidney brain spleen |
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"beads on a string" on radiograph?
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fibromuscular dysplasia
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what does chronic ischemic heart disease result in?
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progressive onset CHF
(due to chronic myocardial damage) |
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what is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death?
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lethal arrhythmia
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hyaline thickening is...
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arteriosclerosis due to benign HTN
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definition of HTN?
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>140/90
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essential HTN predisposes to___________
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ischemic heart disease
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22q11 syndromes are associated with...
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trucus
tetralogy |
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rubella is associated with...
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septal defects
PDA |
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diabetes is associated with...
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transposition of the great vessels
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what is infantile type coarctation?
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preductal
associated with PDA |
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what causes tetraloy?
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anterior displacement of the infundibular septum
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congenital heart disease more common in girls?
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ASD
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what is truncus arteriosus?
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single large vessel overrides VSD
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what does a bundle branch block cause on EKG?
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wide QRS
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defect in His-Purkinje?
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Mobitz type II
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what causes phase 3 rapid repolarization of the AP?
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massive K efflux due to opening of slow K channels
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where is the diastolic BP on the PV loop?
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when the aortic valve opens
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when does T wave repolarize in cardiac cycle?
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reduced ejection
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paradoxical splitting is associated with...
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aortic stenosis
(inspiration causes DECREASED splitting of the second heart sound, and P before A) |
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what causes decreases MSFP?
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hemorrhage
spinal anesthesia (blocks sympathetic stimulation) |
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what does an AV fistuala do?
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decrease TPR and incrase MSFP
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decreased TPR rotates...
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clockwise
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what forms a fistula?
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penetrating wound
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Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome?
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autosomal dominant hemorrhagic telangiectasia
Mormons |
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how is the ST elevation in MI different from in pericarditis?
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in MI, ST elevation is followed by depression of the ST segment and QRS changes
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