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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is statin mechanism of action?
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COMPETITIVE inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutararyl coenzyme A reductase
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How should you treat hypertriglyceridemia? (with what class of meds)
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Fibrates
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How do fibrates work?
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Stimulate lipoprotein lipase
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What other cholesterol lowering medication class should NOT be used with fibrates?
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Statins! Try fish oil and lifestyle change
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Cholestyramine and Colestipol decrease LDL and slightly raise TGs. How do they work?
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Bind and excrete bile-soluble lipids
(Bile acid resins) |
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What drug inhibits intestinal absorption of cholesterol?
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Zetia - but won't help people whose excess cholesterol comes from liver
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What drug inhibits fat metabolism in adipose tissue?
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Niacin (Niaspan)
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Which Class I antiarrhythmic increases both the action potential and refractory period (works via Na and K block), and also may induce a Lupus-like syndrome?
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Procainamide
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Which of the following has major CNS side effects (blurred vision, confusion), and Torsade de pointes?
-Spironolactone -Allopurinol -Quinidine -Hydralazine -Niacin |
-Quinidine
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In what kind of arrhythmias are IA, IB, and IC Na blockers indicated?
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IA- A or V arrhythmias
IB-Ventricular only IC-Last resort, and never after MI What are some of these drugs? IA: Quinidine, Procainamide IB: Lidocaine, Phenytoin IC: Flecainide, Propafenone |
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What beta blocker is contraindicated in COPD?
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Nadolol
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What beta-blocker drug counteracts both cardiac and vascular effects of norepinephrine?
-Carvedilol -Atenolol -Metaproterenol -Bisoprolol |
Carvedilol (Coreg)
A-M betablockers are usually non-selective, but carvedilol is a big exception |
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What are two major side effects of beta-blockers?
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Fatigue and impotence
Also dizziness and bradycardia secondary to their purpose |
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What is the one symptom that diabetics on a beta-blocker might still experience during hypoglycemia (all others are blunted or absent)?
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Sweating
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What does selective vs. non-selective refer to in beta blockers?
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selective = beta-1 blockade ONLY
non-selective = beta-1 AND beta-2 blockade |
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Who should NOT get non-selective beta blockers?
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Asthmatics or COPD - beta-2 constricts airways
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What is the suffix for most Calcium channel blockers?
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-IPINE (most are dihydropyridines, except for verapamil and diltiazem)
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What method of administration should you avoid for urgently addressing hypertension?
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Sublingual - variable absorption means not recommended for urgent
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What antiarrhythmic is the drug of choice for diagnosing AV node arrhythmias because it is effective and has low toxicity?
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Adenosine - a compound normally found in the body anyway
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How do nitrates dilate arterioles and venules?
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Release NO into smooth muscle
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What common antiarrhythmic is contraindicated for people taking Viagra/Cialis?
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Nitrates
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What ion exchanger does Digoxin directly inhibit?
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Na/K ATPase
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How does the anti-platelet ticlopidine work?
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Inhibits fibrinogen binding to platelets
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Gp IIb/IIIa inhibitors are great because they hit a common final pathway in platelet aggregation, separate from COX and ADP dependent pathways.
Who should NOT get Tirofiban? |
People allergic to aspirin
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Which antiplatelet interferes with epoxide reductase, lowering Vit K-derived clotting factors?
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Warfarin
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