Cardio Pharm Test

Front 1

Digoxin

Back 1

1. ¯ AV nodal conduction/ inh. Na/K/Atpase = inc. Ca conc. in heart cells = inc. contraction force

Front 2

Diltiazem

Back 2

2. Txt black men. Txt AV nodal re entrance

Front 3

Quinidine

Back 3

3. ¯ AV nodal conduction. Cinchonism. Anticholinergic= aggravate MG. Hypotension= a block

Front 4

Verapamil

Back 4

4. ¯ AV nodal conduction. ¯ BP. Negative inotrope= no CHF use

Front 5

Propranolol

Back 5

5. ¯ AV nodal conduction. ¯ BP. Negative inotrope(= b block) Aggravates Asthma and Diabetes Melitus via b2 block.

Front 6

Diazoxide

Back 6

6. Balanced vasodilator.

Front 7

Niroprusside

Back 7

7. Balanced vasodilator. Unloads heart. ­s cyanide= pre-txt w/ thiosulfate. Txt Acute HTN’v Crisis

Front 8

Reserpine

Back 8

8. Txt severe & resistant HTN. Depletes CA. See stuffy nose. No to pts w/ peptic ulcers.

Front 9

Dobutamine

Back 9

9. At high doses b2(+) offsets a1 = b1 ­ CO w/o systemic vascular resistance

Front 10

Dopamine

Back 10

10. At low doses Txt Shock= dilates renal and mesenteric aa= maintain urine output

Front 11

Esmolol

Back 11

11. Short acting b(-)

Front 12

Captopril

Back 12

12. Balanced vasodilator. Txt Outpt. CHF see dry cough(bradykinin induced)

Front 13

Digoxin

Back 13

13. Txt CHF & Atrial Flutter - inotropic - ¯ K+ levels= dig. Toxicity

Front 14

Dig. Toxicity

Back 14

14. Fatal ventricular arrhythmias w/ sever AV block

Front 15

Quinidine

Back 15

15. ClassIa anti arrhythmic. Moderate Na Ch. Block

Front 16

Lidocaine

Back 16

16. ClassIb anit arrhythmic. Normalizes conduction. Txt initial MI= control arrhythmias

Front 17

Flecanide

Back 17

17. ClassIc anti arrhythmic. Marked conduction slowing

Front 18

Amiodarone

Back 18

18. Long t1/2= need potent doses to obtain desired level for action. See blue skin, ocular deposits, Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Front 19

NE

Back 19

19. ­ AV nodal conduction via b1. Metoprolol(-) b1

Front 20

Ach

Back 20

20. ¯ AV nodal conduction via M receptor. Atorpine(-) M-r

Front 21

Atenolol

Back 21

21. Controls catecholamine induced arrhythmias

Front 22

Bretylium

Back 22

22. Txt Malignant Ventricular Arrhythmias but causes passing catecholamine release that can aggravate arrhythmias briefly

Front 23

Nimodipine

Back 23

23. Txt Acute subarachnoid hemorrhage by preventing post hemorrhagic vasospasm

Front 24

Atropine

Back 24

24. ¯ excess vagal tone as seen in Sinus Bradycardia

Front 25

Nitrates

Back 25

25. ¯ preload= venous pooling. ¯ MVO2= reflex tachy. ­ ventr work= dec O2 demand

Front 26

Propranolol

Back 26

26. Blocks reflex tachy but causes excess brady= ­ diastole time= ­ EDV

Front 27

Verapamil

Back 27

27. ­ O2 supply via ¯ in vasospasm Txt Prinzmetal’s variant angina

Front 28

Aspirin

Back 28

28. Prevents arterial platelet adhesion (not DVThrombi). Inactivates COX= ¯ platelet production of TxA2, a potent vasoconstictor

Front 29

Warfarin

Back 29

29. (-)Vit. K dependent gamma carboxylation of clotting factors= anticoagulation state

Front 30

Heparin

Back 30

30. Dependent on Antithrombin III activation

Front 31

TPA

Back 31

31. Binds to fibrin clots & activates plasminogen on the spot. Short t1/2, given IV.

Back 32

32. Does not discriminate b/t fibrin-based clots= bleeding & stroke complications arise

Front 33

Streptokinase

Back 33

33. From bacteria= allergies arise. Can see excess bleeding in post-op pts.

Front 34

Urokinase

Back 34

34. Human source. ­ plasmin. Can see excess bleeding in post-op pts.

Front 35

Colestipol

Back 35

35. Bile acid sequestrants. Interrupt bile acid reabsorption= ­­ LDL uptake. Cholestyramine same MOA.

Front 36

Lovastatin

Back 36

36. HMGCoA reductase(-)= ­ LDL-r synthesis. Pravastatin/ Mevastatin same MOA.

Front 37

Losartan

Back 37

37. ¯ Aldosterone. ­ Renin 2-3x’s

Front 38

Diazoxide

Back 38

38. Txt insulinomas. Not balanced vasodilator= onlt dilates arterial smooth muscle

Front 39

Clonidine

Back 39

39. Central a2(+). ¯ TPR via ¯ symapthetic effect

Front 40

Methyldopa

Back 40

40. Central a2(+). (++) Coombs= Hemolytic anemia

Front 41

Phenytoin

Back 41

41. ClassIb. Reverses mild AV block due to digitoxin toxicity

Front 42

Procainamide

Back 42

42. ClassIa. SLE like syndrome.

Front 43

Indopamide

Back 43

43. Only Thiazide that will have no effect on cholesterol levels

Front 44

Thiazides

Back 44

44. Older black men w/ HTN due to ­ Renin.

Front 45

b(-)

Back 45

45. Young white men w/o asthma (cause bronchospasm)

Front 46

ACEIs

Back 46

46. (-) change AI à AII. (-) Bradykinin inactivation. Captopril/ Enalapril

Back 47

47. Cause renal failure = use w/ caution in the elderly

Front 48

Epinephrine

Back 48

48. ­ contraction rate & force via b1.

Back 49

49. ­ systolic but ¯ diastolic BP.

Back 50

50. ¯ peripheral resistance via b2 vasodilaiton

Front 51

Norepi.

Back 51

51. ­ heart rate and ­ systolic and diastolic BP

Back 52

52. ­ peripheral blood vessel resistance

Front 53

Methyldopa

Back 53

53. DOC for pregnancy induced HTN

Front 54

Quinidine pre-txt

Back 54

54. Atrial arrhythmia pretxt w/ a drug that will ¯ ventricular response: Dig.;b(-); Ca Ch.(-)

Front 55

ClassII

Back 55

55. b(-) ¯risk fo reinfarction & sudden death following MI

Front 56

“Gray man”

Back 56

56. Amiodarone: ClassIII antiarrhythmia

Front 57

Beperidil

Back 57

57. Ca Ch(-). Limited clinical use due to Torsades de Pointes

Front 58

ACEIs

Back 58

58. Vasodilate renal efferents > than afferent arterioles: ¯GFR & Filtration pressure

Back 59

59. ¯ Diabetic renal failure progression

Front 60

Adenosine

Back 60

60. Its receptor is blocked by Methylxanthines (ie… Theophyline)

Back 61

61. Favored for the Txt of Reentrant Supra Ventricular Tachycardia

Front 62

Enoxaparin

Back 62

62. Low molecular weight heparin = Oral anticoagulant

Front 63

Isoproterenol

Back 63

63. ­HR & ¯MAP

Front 64

Variant angina

Back 64

64. Use Ca Ch. (-)r ie… Nifedipine

Front 65

Contraindicated in CHF

Back 65

65. b (-)r = you don’t want to ¯ the heart’s pumping strength