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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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True/False: P/V loops apply more to the left than the right ventricle.
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TRUE
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What valves are open and closed during diastole?
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Mitral valve is open and aortic valve is closed
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What comes after diastole in the cardiac cycle? What valves are open and closed during this stage?
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Isovolumetric contraction--volume doesn't change but the pressure rises; The mitral valve and aortic valve are BOTH CLOSED
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What governs the aortic valve's open or closed state?
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The pressure in the LV must exceed aortic pressure to open the valve
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What happens to pressure during systole?
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Pressure rises high enough to open the aortic valve and then falls as blood is ejected
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What phase comes after systole? What valves are open or closed during this phase?
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Isovolumetric relaxation--decrease in pressure without a change in volume; When the ventricular pressure falls below atrial pressure, then the mitral valve opens
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CO = ?
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SV x HR
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The ESPVR point is a marker of what?
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Marker of afterload
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The EDPVR point is a marker of what?
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Marker of preload
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What are normal values for EDV, ESV, and ejection fraction?
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EDV = 130mL
ESV = 50mL Ejection Fraction = 65% |
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What is preload?
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The initial length to which the muscle is stretched prior to contraction
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Increasing the preload does what?
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Increases the contraction and increases the SV
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Starling's law declares...?
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That the greater the stretch, the greater the contractile force up to a point where the actin and myosin begin to get too far apart
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Increased afterload results in a what?
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Decreased SV and increase in the ESV(because you aren't expelling enough blood from the heart)
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What happens to EDV when you increase the afterload?
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NO CHANGE--the heart still fills to its standard point at the end of diastole
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What happens to SV when you increase the afterload?
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systolic pressure increases, the heart must contract harder, and the SV DECREASES
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What does it mean when we increase the contractility of the heart?
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The velocity of fibers shortening at any given preload and afterload--increasing contractility increases the SV and also INCREASES THE SLOPE OF THE ESPVR
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Changing the afterload does what?
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changes the Stroke Volume and no changes to the preload and contractility
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