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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors?
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Reduced cholesterol synthesis
Increased cellular LDL receptors Increased LDL uptake Decreased circulating LDL Decreased VLDL synthesis Increased HDL |
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How do the statin drugs work?
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HMG-CoA reductase inhibition
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What are the most potent statins?
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Atorvastatin
Rosuvastatin |
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What drugs inhibits an enzyme essential for VLDL & triglyceride synthesis?
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Niacin
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What are the consequences of niacin?
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Decreased VLDL, triglycerides
Increased HDL |
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What is most potent HDL increaser?
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Niacin
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What are the side effects of statins?
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Headache, rash, GI upset
Myositis (esp w/P450 inhibitors) Increased liver enzymes Teratogen Possible memory loss |
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What drug causes myositis as a side effect?
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Statins
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What drug causes cutaneous flushing as a side effect?
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Niacin
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What are the side effects of niacin?
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cutaneous flushing (prevented by aspirin)
Increased uric acid Increased liver enzymes Increased insulin resistance |
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What is cholestyramine?
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Bile acid binding resin
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What is colestipol?
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Bile acid binding resin
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What is colesevelam?
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Bile acid binding resin
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How do bile acid binding resins work?
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Highly charged cationic resins that irreversibly bind bile acids & prevent their absorption
Results in decreased lipid absorption from gut |
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What are the side effects of the bile acid binding resins?
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No systemic effects
Constipation Gritty texture |
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How do the fibrates work?
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Binds to PPA receptor (in cell cytosol) then migrates to the nucleus & binds to specific response elements in the DNA & alters apolipoprotein synthesis
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What are the fibrates?
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gemfibrozil
fenofibrate |
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What is the result of fibrate drugs?
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Decreased VLDL
Increased lipoprotein lipase & HDL |
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What are the side effects of the fibrates?
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nausea, diarrhea, gallstones
some anticoagulant effect |
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What cholesterol-lowering drug has gallstones as a side effect?
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fibrates: gemfibrozil & fenofibrate
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How does ezetimibe work?
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Block cholesterol receptors in intestine-->decreased fat absorption
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What are side effects of ezetimibe?
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flatulence
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What is sitostanol?
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Drug causing decreased cholesterol uptake?
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How does orlistat work?
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Decreased pancreatic lipase-->decreased fat absorption from gut
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What drugs cause "anal leakage"?
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Orlistat
Olestra |
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What is vytorin?
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statin + ezetimibe
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What is advicor?
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lovastatin + niaspan
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What drugs can cause secondary hyperlipoproteinemias?
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Thiazide diuretics
Beta blockers Glucocorticoids |
