Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is Congestive Heart Failure?
|
failure of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to supply the metabolic requirements of the organ
|
|
|
Which of the following is NOT a compensatory mechanism for CHF? a. myocardial hypertrophy b. increased heart rate c. increased intravascular volume d. increased acetylcholine e. ventricular dilation f. re-distribution of blood flow
|
d
|
|
|
Which of the following does NOT contribute to CHF? a. hypertension b. myocarditis c. valvular disease d. cardiomyopathy e. ischemic heart disease f. all of the above contribute to CHF
|
f
|
|
|
Congestion of the liver directly results from left ventricular failure. Pulmonary edema can lead to right ventricular failure. a. both statements are TRUE b. both statements are FALSE c. the first statement is true, the second is false d. the first statement is false, the second state ment is true
|
d
|
|
|
Which of the following ARE manifestations of CHF? a. edema of subcutaneous tissue b. pulmonary edema c. hypercholesterolemia d. cerebral hypoxia e. TWO of the above f. THREE of the above g. ALL of the above
|
f
|
|
|
IHD involves narrowing of coronary veins by atherosclerosis. Gradual narrowing may lead to opening of collateral arteries. a. both statements are TRUE b. both statements are FALSE c. the first statement is true, the second is false d. the first statement is false, the second state ment is true
|
d
|
|
|
Coronary artery thrombosis is initiated by a fissure in the__________ of an atherosclerotic plaque.
|
fibrous cap
|
|
|
What is Congestive Heart Failure?
|
failure of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to supply the metabolic requirements of the organ
|
|
|
Which of the following is NOT a compensatory mechanism for CHF? a. myocardial hypertrophy b. increased heart rate c. increased intravascular volume d. increased acetylcholine e. ventricular dilation f. re-distribution of blood flow
|
d
|
|
|
Which of the following does NOT contribute to CHF? a. hypertension b. myocarditis c. valvular disease d. cardiomyopathy e. ischemic heart disease f. all of the above contribute to CHF
|
f
|
|
|
Congestion of the liver directly results from left ventricular failure. Pulmonary edema can lead to right ventricular failure. a. both statements are TRUE b. both statements are FALSE c. the first statement is true, the second is false d. the first statement is false, the second state ment is true
|
d
|
|
|
Which of the following ARE manifestations of CHF? a. edema of subcutaneous tissue b. pulmonary edema c. hypercholesterolemia d. cerebral hypoxia e. TWO of the above f. THREE of the above g. ALL of the above
|
f
|
|
|
IHD involves narrowing of coronary veins by atherosclerosis. Gradual narrowing may lead to opening of collateral arteries. a. both statements are TRUE b. both statements are FALSE c. the first statement is true, the second is false d. the first statement is false, the second state ment is true
|
d
|
|
|
Coronary artery thrombosis is initiated by a fissure in the__________ of an atherosclerotic plaque.
|
fibrous cap
|
|
|
Which of the following does NOT contribute to IHD? a. reduced ability to deliver oxygen b.increased myocardial oxygen consumption c. coronary artery spasm d. gesticulation of the mitral valve
|
d
|
|
|
In unstable angina, chest pain of several minutes duration is usually associated with exercise or emotional stress and is relieved by rest. In stable angina, the episodes of chest pain become more frequent and the pain becomes more severe. a. both statements are TRUE b. both statements are FALSE c. the first statement is true, the second is false d. the first statement is false, the second state ment is true
|
b
|
|
|
Sudden cardiac death may occur in individuals with or without a previous history of IHD. Sudden cardiac death ALWAYS involves myocardial necrosis. a. both statements are TRUE b. both statements are FALSE c. the first statement is true, the second is false d. the first statement is false, the second state ment is true
|
c
|
|
|
Gradual onset of chronic congestive heart failure with at least one large left ventricular scar is called chronic IHD. In chronic IHD, there is biventricular hypertrophy and dilation of all the cardiac chambers. a. both statements are TRUE b. both statements are FALSE c. the first statement is true, the second is false d. the first statement is false, the second state ment is true
|
a
|
|
|
Ischemia lasting longer than 10-20 minutes will cause irreversible injury and myocyte death. Myocardial ischemia contributes to arrhythmias and may lead to atrial fibrillation. a. both statements are TRUE b. both statements are FALSE c. the first statement is true, the second is false d. the first statement is false, the second state ment is true
|
b
|
|
|
True or False, acute MI's less than 12 hours old are usually not grossly apparent at autopsy?
|
TRUE
|
|
|
MI may lead to CHF and shock. It may also lead to mural thrombus/emboli. a. both statements are TRUE b. both statements are FALSE c. the first statement is true, the second is false d. the first statement is false, the second state ment is true
|
a
|
|
|
MI may lead to myocardial rupture. MI does not result in mitral valve regurgitation. a. both statements are TRUE b. both statements are FALSE c. the first statement is true, the second is false d. the first statement is false, the second state ment is true
|
c
|
|
|
Ventricular aneurism is a complication of MI. An aneurism is a weakening of the the wall of the vessel/chamber. a. both statements are TRUE b. both statements are FALSE c. the first statement is true, the second is false d. the first statement is false, the second state ment is true
|
a
|
|
|
Primary cardiomyopathy is part of a multi-system disorder. Secondary cardiomyopathy is primarily or solely confined to the heart muscle. a. both statements are TRUE b. both statements are FALSE c. the first statement is true, the second is false d. the first statement is false, the second state ment is true
|
b
|
|
|
Dilated cardiomyopathy includes dilation of which of the following chambers? (A) both ventricles (B) both atria (C) the left chambers (D) the right chambers (E) a and b (F) c and d (G) all of the above
|
G
|
|
|
Dilated cardiomyopathy is NOT associated with…. A. disarray of cardiac myocytes B. poor ventricular contractility C. variable fibrosis D. myocyte hypertrophy
|
A
|
|
|
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is NOT associated with… (A) symmetric hypertophy of the left ventricle (B) obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract (C) stiff ventricles (D) autosomal recessive inheritance (E) a and d (F) b and c (G) all of the above are associted with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
|
E
|
|
|
Stiff ventricles are associated with what forms of cardiomyopathy? (A) hypertrophic (B) dilated © restricted (D) a and b (E) a and c (F) b and c
|
E
|
|
|
Which of the following is NOT a possible cause of myocarditis? A. pyogenic bacteria b. nitroglycerine c. parasites d. sarcoidosis e. hypersensitivity f. viruses
|
b
|
|
|
Viruses infect individual monocytes or are in interstitial infiltrate with many eosinophils. Parasites produce a lymphocytic infiltrate with foci of necrosis. a. both statements are TRUE b. both statements are FALSE c. the first statement is true, the second is false d. the first statement is false, the second state ment is true
|
b
|
|
|
Which of the following is/are NOT example(s) of noncyanotic forms of congenital heart disease? A. atrial septal defect b. transposition of the great arteries c. ventricular septal defect d. tetralogy of Fallot e. patent ductus arteriosus f. TWO of the above g. THREE of the above
|
f (b & d)
|
|
|
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of Tetralogy of Fallot? A. overriding of the aorta over the right ventricular outflow b. right ventricular hypertrophy c. narrowing of the ventricular outflow d. ventricular septal defect e. atrial septal defect
|
e
|
