Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the 4th heart sound?
|
It's the contraction of the atria. Not normally heard unless the ventricle has reduced compliance (is stiffer.) Occurs during A phase of cardiac cycle.
|
|
|
What occurs in phase A of cardiac cycle?
|
Atrial contraction. Occurs with <b>P</b> wave of EKG and <b>a</b> wave of venous pulse.
|
|
|
What occurs in phase B of cardiac cycle?
|
Isovolumetric contraction of ventricle. Occurs with QRS complex. At the very end, the aortic valve opens.
|
|
|
What phase in the cardiac cycle begins with closure of the mitral valve and ends with opening of aortic valve?
|
B, isovolumetric contraction
|
|
|
What happens as soon as Left ventricular pressure exceeds Left atrial pressure?
|
Mitral valve closes
|
|
|
What is the first heard sound, S1?
|
Closure of mitral and tricuspid valve (AV valves. Occurs in between Phase A and B of cardiac cycle.
|
|
|
What occurs in phase C of cardiac cycle?
|
At beginning, aortic valve opens. Then rapid ventricular ejection occurs.
|
|
|
What EKG event is correlated with phase C of cardiac cycle?
|
The interval between S and T (no electrical activity); ventricle is depolarized but not yet repolarizing.
|
|
|
What happens in phase D of cardiac cycle?
|
Ventricles begins to repolarize (EKG shows T wave). Ventricular pressure is falling because ventricles are no longer contracting. However, ventricles are still ejecting blood, albeit more slowly. ("Reduced ventricular ejection") stage.
|
|
|
What happens in phase E of cardiac cycle?
|
Isovolumetric ventricular relaxation. As the ventricles relax, the aortic valve (and pulmonary valve) close (producing S2). Pressure hasn't fallen enough yet to open the AV valve, so no blood is entering or leaving the ventricles.
|
|
|
What is the 2nd heart sound/S2?
|
It's the sound caused by closure of aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves at beginning of Phase E of cardiac cycle. Sometimes there is a splitting of the valve sound during inspiration.
|
|
|
During what phase is the incisura/ dicrotic notch shown?
|
During Phase E. When the aortic valve closes, there is a little bit of backflow towards the L ventricle, increasing the pressure in the aorta.
|
|
|
What happens when L ventricular pressure falls to its lowest level?
|
The mitral valve opens. This is the start of Phase F.
|
|
|
What happens in phase F of cardiac cycle?
|
Mitral valve opens because L ventricle at lower pressure than L atrium. <b>Rapid ventricular filling </b> then occurs.
|
|
|
What is the third heart sound?
|
It's the sound of the rapid flow of blood from atria to ventricles.
<b>Abnormal</b> in adults to hear this, and it can indicate volume overload (CHF or MVP). |
|
|
During what phase of cardiac cycle is aortic pressure decreasing, indicating blood is running from aorta out to rest of body?
|
During the rapid ventricular filling phase (F) and then rest of the cardiac cycle
|
|
|
What occurs in phase G of the cardiac cycle?
|
This is reduced ventricular filling, the longest phase. Also called diastasis. The last part of ventricular filling occurs at a slow rate. End of diastasis = End of diastole
|
|
|
What happens if an increase in heart rate causes a reduction in ventricular filling?
|
Diastasis is reduced --> End diastolic volume is reduced --> Stroke volume will be reduced.
|
