Cardiac Anatomy & Physiology

Front 1

Name the 4 Chambers of the heart.

Back 1

Right Atrium
Right Ventricle
Left Atrium
Left Ventricle

Front 2

Into what chamber does deoxygenated blood flow?

Back 2

Blood flows from the Superior and Inferior Vena Cava into the Right Atrium.

Front 3

What valve is located between the Right Atrium and Right Ventricle?

Back 3

Tricuspid Valve.

Front 4

What valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle?

Back 4

Bicuspid Valve.

Front 5

What is the heart muscle termed? (middle layer)

Back 5

Myocardium.

Front 6

Describe the path of blood flow through the heart. Include all blood vessels and valves.

Back 6

Superior / Inferior Vena Cava ----> Right Atrium ----> Tricuspid Valve --->
Right Ventricle----> Pulmonary Semi-lunar valve---> Pulmonary Artery ---->
Lungs ----> Pulmonary Vein ---> Left Atrium ---> Bicuspid (Mitral Valve) --->
Left Ventricle ---> Aortic Semi-lunar valve ---> Aorta ---> Systemic Circulation

Front 7

Which artery supplies the sa node with oxygenated blood?

Back 7

Right Main Coronary Artery

Front 8

The anterior descending artery supplies what portion of the heart and is a branch of what artery?

Back 8

Supplies the anterior wall of the left ventricle and is part of the Left main coronary artery.

Front 9

What is the left and right side of the heart seperated by?

Back 9

Intraventricular Septum

Front 10

The heart muscle is reffered to as the ___________.

Back 10

Myocardium

Front 11

The outer membrane that surrounds the heart is reffered to as the

Back 11

Parietal pericardium

Front 12

The inner heart surrounding membrane is known as ______________

Back 12

Visceral pericardium

Front 13

The space in between the Visceral and Parietal pericardium is refered to as the _________. What is the purpose of this?

Back 13

Pericardial Sac. Contains a small amount of serous fluid that allows the heart to contract and expand smoothly within the chest cavity.

Front 14

The heart is located ......

Back 14

Behind the sternum. 2/3 of the heart is located in the left side of the chest cavity.

Front 15

If the Pericardial sac rapidly fills with fluid, such as blood, the heart is no longer able to adequately fill, and the signs and symptoms of shock result. This condition is termed ______________ and is a common result of penetrating chest trauma.

Back 15

Cardiac Tamponade.

Front 16

Blood flows from an area of _______ ______ to an area of ______ ________ .

Back 16

High pressure, low pressure

Front 17

Contraction of the ventricles is known as ________.

Back 17

Systole

Front 18

The phase known as the relaxation phase when the heart receives most of its blood supply from the coronary arteries is known as __________.

Back 18

Diastole

Front 19

An abnormal "whoshing" sound indicating turbulant blood flow within the heart is known as a ________.

Back 19

Murmur

Front 20

An abnormoal "whooshing" sound indicating turbulent blood flow through a blood vessel is called _______. This often indicates atheroslerotic debris in a blood vessels.

Back 20

Bruits

Front 21

These sounds indicate abnormal cardiac valve function and are normally difficult to hear.

Back 21

Clicks and snaps

Front 22

The sound that the Mitral and tricuspid valves make at the start of systole is reffered to as ____ or the "____" sound.

Back 22

s1, lub

Front 23

Closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves is known as the ____ or "____" sound.

Back 23

s2, dub

Front 24

Contraction of the myocardium is normally started at the ___ _______.

Back 24

SA node

Front 25

The SA Node is located .....

Back 25

The upper part of the right atrium.

Front 26

After the SA node fires the electrical impulse travels through the atria via the _________ ___________ to the ____________ _______ .

Back 26

Internodal pathways, atrioventricular node

Front 27

From the atrioventricular node the electrical impulse travels through the _____ ___ _______ then to the ______ and ______ ________ _________ then to the _______ ______.

Back 27

Bundle of His, Right & Left bundle branch,Purkinje Fibers

Front 28

The _________ ________ take the current from the bundle branches to the individual myocardial cells.

Back 28

Purkinje's fibers

Front 29

The amount of blood pumped through the circulatory system in 1 minute is reffered to as the ______ _______.

Back 29

cardiac output

Front 30

Cardiac output = ?

Back 30

Stroke volume X Heart rate

Front 31

The amount of blood pumped out each heart beat is known as?

Back 31

Stroke volume

Front 32

These sense changes in blood pressure in the heart or main arteries.

Back 32

Barroreceptors

Front 33

These detect changes in blood chemistry (ph, composition etc..)

Back 33

Chemoreceptors

Front 34

Several changes will take place when a decrease in blood volume is detected by the barroreceptors. One of these reactions is the release of _______ and _________ from the adrenal glands.

Back 34

Epinepherine and nor-epinepherine

Front 35

_________ carry blood away from the heart.

Back 35

Arteries

Front 36

__________ carry blood toward the heart.

Back 36

Veins

Front 37

Microscopic thin-walled vessels through wich oxygen, carbon dioxide and other nutrients and waste products are exchanged.

Back 37

Capillaries

Front 38

Capillaries gradually increase in size and form ___________

Back 38

Venules