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6 Cards in this Set
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Carbon Sequestration |
Process of capture + long-term storage of co2, specifically: - process of carbon capture where co2 is removed from fuel gases - natural biochemical cycling of carbon between atmosphere + reservoirs - process of removing carbon from the atmosphere + depositing it in a reservoir
co2 is naturally captured from the atmosphere through biochemical processes. some anthropogenic techniques exploit natural processes, some are totally artificial |
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Biochar |
biochar is a solid material obtained from the carbonisation of biomass. it can be added to soils to reduce emissions from biomass that would naturally degrade to GHGs biochar can hold carbon in the soil for many years and can improve soil fertility, stimulating plant growth addidional effects: - reduces need for fertiliser therefore reducing emissions from fertiliser production - turning agricultural waste into biochar reduces methane generated by natural decomposition of waste |
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Iron fertilisation |
intentional introduction of iron to upper ocean to stimulate phytoplankton numbers. intended to enhance biological productivity which can benefit marine food chain and increase co2 removal since 1993, 13 international teams of researchers have completed ocean trials demonstrating that phytoplankton blooms can be stimulated by iron addition. number of ocean labs are exploring fertilisation as a means to sequester atmospheric co2 in the deep ocean |
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Peat production |
peat in bogs is important for the storage of carbon. if the peat decays, co2 would be released to the atmosphere. peatlands of former soviet union removed 52TG of carbon per year from the atmosphere. peatland ecosystem is the most effective carbon sink on the planet because they capture co2 which is naturally released from the peat, maintaining an equilibrium. the world's peatlands hold 550GT of carbon Finland - climate, geography and environment favour peat bog formation. contribution of peat to GHG can exceed 10mill tonnes of co2 a year - equal to the total emissions of all car traffic in Finland |
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Wetland restoration |
Wetlands sequester carbon from the atmosphere through photosynthesis and by acting as a sediment trap for runoff. racbon is held in the living vegetation. wetlands relsease carbon through natural seasonal changes fate of existing wetlands is a factor in predicting carbon emissions. loss of existing wetlands means not only loss of that carbon sink but the carbon in that wetland will be released carbon storage is enhanced in wet systems and evidence suggests more carbon is sequestered by a richer mix of native species |
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Reforestation |
Intergovernmental Panel on climate change (IPCC) estimates that the cutting down of forests is now contributing to 20% of overall GHG entering the atmosphere reforestation can increase biosequestration (capture and storage of co2 by biological processes) by: - increasing volume of existing forest - increasing carbon density of existing forest - expanding use of forest products - reducing carbon emissions from deforestation lobbying by Group of 77 in the UN made the forest principles (1992) which makes recommendations for conservation and sustainable development forestry |
