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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which monosaccharides comprise lactose? |
Lactose is comprised of glucose and galactose. |
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Which disaccharide is comprised of glucose and galactose? |
Lactose is comprised of glucose and galactose.
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Which monosaccharides comprise sucrose? |
Sucrose is comprised of glucose and fructose. |
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Which disaccharide is comprised of glucose and fructose? |
Sucrose is comprised of glucose and fructose. |
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What is the transporter for galactose into the enterocyte? |
SGLT1 is the transporter for galactose into the enterocyte. |
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What is the transporter for glucose into the enterocyte? |
SGLT1 is the transporter for glucose into the enterocyte. |
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What is the transporter for fructose into the enterocyte? |
GLUT5 is the transporter for fructose into the enterocyte. |
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What is the transporter for monosaccharides out of enterocytes into the blood? |
GLUT2 is the transporter for monosaccharides into the blood.
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Which enzyme breaks down sucrose in the intestine? |
Sucrase breaks down sucrose in the intestine. |
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Which enzyme breaks down lactose in the intestine? |
Lactase breaks down lactose in the intestine. |
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In what disease is lactase deficient? |
Lactase is deficient in lactose intolerance. |
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Which enzyme breaks down starch? |
Amylase breaks down starch. |
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Which enzyme breaks down maltose? |
α-glucosidase breaks down maltose. |
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Which enzyme breaks down malotriose? |
α-glucosidase breaks down maltotriose. |
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Which enzyme breaks down dextrin? |
α-glucosidase breaks down dextrin. |
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Which ATPase in the enterocyte is essential for the absorption of carbohydrates? |
The Na+/K+ ATPase is essential for absorption of carbohydrates. |
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Name three types of fibre. |
Cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. |
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Which enzymes are exclusive for the gluconeogenesis (don't exist in the glycolysis), and which of them are not in the cytosol? |
Glucose 6-phosphatase, PEPCK, pyruvate carboxylase and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase. Glucose 6-phosphatase is found in the ER, and pyruvate kinase is found in the mitochondria. |
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What are the incretins and what is their function? |
Incretins are hormones that increase insulin secretion and decrease glucagon secretion, therefore lowering blood glucose. The two incretins are GIP and GLP-1. |
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What is the function of DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4)? |
DPP-4 breaks down the integrins so that they're no longer effective. |
