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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sis
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PDGF-b
overexpression astrocytoma |
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Hst-1
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protooncogene
overexpression osteosacroma |
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int-2
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stomach, breast, bladder
FGF overexpression |
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erb B-1
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oncogene
EGF receptor overexpression Squ CCA of lung |
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erb-B2
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EGF receptor family
HER2 breast, ovarian, lung, stomach CA |
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ras
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Singnal trasduction
point mutation GTP bounded-active; GDP bounded-inactive Ras binds GAPs, but its intrinsic GTPase activity is lost lung, colon, pancreas, leukemia |
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abl
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abl-bcr gene
non-receptor tyrosine kinase usually t(9,22) translocation Chornic myeloid leukemia Acute lymphoblastic leukemia |
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myc
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c-myc
nuclear regulatory protein t(8,14) translocation link to igH promoter myc increases when the cell receives the signal to divide myc level drops to normal when cell cycle begins Burkitt's lymphoma |
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N-myc
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amplification
Neuroblastoma SCCA of lung nuclear regulatory protein |
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L-myc
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Oncogenes
nuclear regulatory amplification SCC of lung |
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Cyclin D
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cyclin D binds to CDK to activate it
amplification Breast, esophageal, lymphoma |
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DDC
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Deleted in colon carcinoma(DCC)
cell-cell interaction cancinoma of colon, pancreas, stomach and prostate |
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E-cadherin
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Cell adhension
carcinoma of stomach |
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APC
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Tumour supressoe gene
cell-cell interaction Inherited germ line FAP (Familial adenomatosis polyposis coli) Somatic :Carcinoma of stomach, colon, pancreas |
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NF-1
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GAPs
Somatic: Schcannomas germline: inherited neurofibrosacroma Autosomal dominant |
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NF-2
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GAP activates GTPase
signal transduction neurofibrosacroma |
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Rb
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pRb DNA synthesis
G1 - S phase (TF: E2F) HPV binds rb 2 hits in retinoblastoma increase risk of osteoscroma autosomal dominant 60% sporadic somatic: osteosacroma,retnoblastoma,breast,prostate,colon,lung... |
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p53
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Stop cell AT G1
repair the cell or apoptosis by increasing BAX Li-Fraumeni syndrome (inherited) HPV,EBV,HBV(x-protein) binds p53 neutralized by MDM2 Most cancers |
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WT-1
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wilm's tumor
nuclear transcription tumour supressor gene |
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p16
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inhibits CDK 4
melanoma ALL acute lymphoblastic leukemia |
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BRCA-1
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TSG
Double stranded breaks repair growth inhibitor female breast(bilateral) and ovary (80% familial, yet only 5-10% is familial) in young age colon, prostate cannot interact with ATM and cannot activate DSB repair |
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BRCA-2
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80% of breast cancer,yet 5-10% are familial
bilateral male and female breast DSB repair gene cannot interact with ATM |
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HPV
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6 and 11 low risk--condyloma
episomal DNA viral expression 16, 18 high risk Integrated viral expression carcinoma of cervix E6- binds and inactivates p53 E7- binds rb and displace TF |
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EBV
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Burkitt's lymphoma
NPC Hogkin's B-cell lymphoma self-limited mononuclesosis in IC - B cell proliferation more east to mutate |
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HBV
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Chronic liver injury
mutational inactivation of p53 x protein inactivates p53 |
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Human Msh-2
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1. 50 %HNPCC hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer
2. DNA mismatch repair duriing repliction 3. high familial incidence 4. hMuLH1 30% 5. Young age group,proximal colon 6.all lead to Hmush-a |
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Xeroderma pigmentosum
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NER
autosomal recessive hypersensitivy in sunlight predispose to skin cancer accelerated neurological degeneration |
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p15
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T-ALL
AML CDKI |
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BCL2
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1. inhibit apoptosis
2. Stablize mitochondrial membrane 3.inhibit death signal 4. Overexpression Chemotherapy resistance Solid tumour, leukeia, lymphoma t(14,18) |
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Bax
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1. Promote apoptosis at mitochondrial membrane
2. formation of cytochrome c 3. capscade 9 4. antagonist survival protein 5. Mutation--> colon cancer |
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Intitation
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Irreversible
DNA damage No theshold Normal phenotype e.g UV,carcinogen,EBV,HPV 16.18 |
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Promotion
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1. Reversible
2. growth advantage 3. altered phenotype 4. Dose-response relationship 5. Affect gene expression rather than mutation |
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Gate keeper
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Regualte growth and apoptosis
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Caretaker
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Maintenance of genome
DNA repair |
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HTLV-1
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Tax protein
1. IL-2 and IL-2R 2. Myeloid growth factor,GM-CSF 3. Repress p 16, p 53 4. Tropism of CD4+ cell |
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Polycyclic hydrocarbons
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lung cancer
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Aromatic amine and dye
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Bladder cancer
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Nitroamine and amide (Salted fish)
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GI cancer
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estrogen
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Breast
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vinyl chloride
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haemangiosacroma of liver
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aflatoxin
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liver cancer
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UV
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TT dimer
Basal cell carcinoma (skin cancer) and melanoma |
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ionizing
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breast,colon,thyroid,lung, leukemia
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Radon
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lung cancer
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erb-B3
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Breast Cancer
EGF-receptor family |
