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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Metastasis site for colon cancer
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Liver
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Metastasis for breast cancer
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chest lymph nodes or bone
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Cell in primary lung carcinoma
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lung epithelia
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associated with development of malignant melanoma
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UV radiation and xeroderma pigmentosum
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gastric carcinoma agent
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h pylori
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increase risk of lung cell carcinoma
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smoke cigarettes
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Basal skin cell carcinoma (never malignant) risk
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UV
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Bladder carcinoma risk
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smoking- excretion of carcinogens
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meosthelioma (cancer of mesothelium lining body cavities)
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asbestos in pleura
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breast carcinoma risk
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BRCA mutations repairs DNA (interacts with HDACs)
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Retinoblastoma risk
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Rb mutations
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Tamoxifen mechanism
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binds to eostrogen receptor competitiviely causing altered gene expression promoting cell cycle arrest
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Doxorubicin
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intercalates with DNA preventing topoisomerase action preventing transcription and replication
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Vincristine
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Antimitotic inhibiting tubulin polymerisation and cytoskeletal rearrangement in mitosis
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Methotrexate
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inhibits dihydrofolate reducates and synthesis of nucleotides needed for S phase
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Cyclophosphamide
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induces irrepairable DNA crosslinking and cell death/arrest
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cisplatin
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all platinum based therapies cross link DNA
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Transformation definition
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process by which accumulation of genetic mutations leads to altered phenotype
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Anaplasia
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reversion of differentiation in cells
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Pleomorphism
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variability in size and shape of cells and their nuclei
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Invasion
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growth into neighbouring tissues often seen histologically as grwoth through basement membrane
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Metastasis
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spread of cancer to a non adjacent organ
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Carcinoma in situ
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incipent form of cancer showing malignant signs but yet to have invasive growth and if left untreated will form malignant growth
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F.A.P gene mutation
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APC gene, binds to beta catenin target ubiquination preventing it acting as pro-proliferative transcription factor
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