Canadian Firearms Pal

Front 1

Vital Four ACTS of firearm safety

Back 1

Assume every Firearm is loaded.
Control the Muzzle direction at all times.
Trigger finger off trigger and out of trigger guard.
See that Firearm is unloaded - PROVE it is Safe.

Front 2

How do you control the Muzzle direction at all times?

Back 2

• Identify the safest available muzzle direction.
• Keep the firearm pointed in the safest available direction.
• The muzzle of a firearm should not be pointed towards yourself or any other person.

Front 3

How do you see that a Firarm is unloaded?

Back 3

• Do not handle the firearm unless you can properly PROVE it safely.
• Check to see that both Chamber and Magazine are empty. Do this every time you handle a firearm, for any reason.
• Pass or Accept only open and unloaded firearms. This is an important habit to develop.

Front 4

PROVE stands for?

Back 4

Point in safe direction.
Remove all Ammo.
Observe the Chamber.
Verify the feeding path.
Eamine the Bore for Obstructions

Front 5

How long is a firearm considered safe?

Back 5

Until it leaves the direct Control of the person who unloaded and PROVEd it safe.

Front 6

It was probably the _____ who invented the first explosive powder. They used it in fireworks and rockets. It was also invented at about the same time (the 13th century), by the English alchemist _____ ______.

Back 6

Chinese
Roger Bacon

Front 7

A charge of gunpowder was loaded into the bore of early cannons. This was followed by some _____ and a cannonball. Next, some priming powder, or a
fuse, was placed in a very small hole or port drilled into the firing chamber.

Back 7

Wadding

Front 8

A burning ____/___, coal, or spark was touched to the priming powder. The flame travelled down through the port and fired the main powder charge inside the cannon. The explosion launched the cannonball.

Back 8

Match/Wick

Front 9

Early firearms had a ______ bore.

Back 9

Smooth

Front 10

One of the earliest carried firearms was the ________. It was invented in the early ____'s. The Matchlock made it possible for the user to aim and fire while holding the firearm with both hands.

Back 10

Matchlock
1400

Front 11

A slow-burning ____/___ lit the priming powder in a matchlock.

Back 11

match/wick

Front 12

Serpentine

Back 12

a metal part on a matchlock, that holds the match/wick and pivoted at one end.

Front 13

What hold the priming powder on a matchlock?

Back 13

Pan

Front 14

How does a MatchLock work?

Back 14

Lit match/wick attached to Serpentine pivots and touches priming powder, which then lights the main charge of gun powder.

Front 15

Disadvantage of MatchLock?

Back 15

Rain or High wind could put out match/wick.

Front 16

What two new firing mechanisms were developed in the 17th century?

Back 16

Wheel Lock and Flint Lock.

Front 17

How does a wheel lock work?

Back 17

Ex. Like lighter. A strong spring turned a tooth-edged wheel against a piece of iron pyrite. This
caused sparks. The sparks ignited the priming powder.

Front 18

How was the Wheel lock reset between shots?

Back 18

With a key.

Front 19

Disadvantages of Wheel Lock?

Back 19

Mechanism was complex and expensive to make. Also, winding
was slow and springs often failed.

Front 20

How does a Flint Lock work?

Back 20

Like a Wheel Lock, but used flint against steel.

Front 21

Benefits of Flint Lock are ?

Back 21

Weighed less and was simpler and
cheaper to make, it soon became more popular.

Front 22

How does the Flint lock mechanism work?

Back 22

It had a hammer-like part called a COCK. Clamped to this cock was the Flint.
Opposite the flint was the FRIZZEN or Steel. When the trigger was pulled, the cock
was released. A spring snapped it down to strike the steel with the flint. This produced sparks which fell into the priming powder in the flash pan.

Front 23

When were pistols developed?

Back 23

Between the 15th and 17th centuries.

Front 24

_______ were longer-barrelled firearms.

Back 24

Muskets

Front 25

Muskets usually had smooth bores and could fire either single bullets or a charge of pellets. These pellets were called _____.

Back 25

Shot

Front 26

Rifles have a spiraled-barrel grooving, called _____, caused the projectile to spin. This
improved its stability and accuracy in flight.

Back 26

Rifling

Front 27

Rifling was also used in some of the later __________ pistols

Back 27

muzzleloading

Front 28

The _______ cap was developed in the early 1800s. It was a small metal case (cap) containing material that would explode when struck.

Back 28

Percussion

Front 29

When loading the firearm, a percussion cap was placed on a ______ located over the priming port. When struck by the hammer, the cap exploded, igniting the main powder charge through a hole in the _____.

Back 29

Nipple

Front 30

All early firearms were _______. They loaded through the muzzle. But _________ loaders were slow to reload. They were also restricted to one shot per
barrel.

Back 30

Muzzleloaders

Front 31

Breechloaders

Back 31

Firearms loaded from the back.

Front 32

Early BreechLoaders because....

Back 32

The expanding gases from the burning powder charge leaked back through the Breech Parts.

Front 33

Four Advantages of Cartridges are:

Back 33

• They were easily loaded into the breech.
• The expanding case prevented gas leakage.
• They were largely weatherproof.
• They were more reliable.

Front 34

Cartridges called _____ were developed for use in shotguns. These too contain one or more Projectiles, Powder and primer in one container. In addition, a ____ separates the powder from the projectiles. The cartridge casing may be made from metals or other materials such as paper or plastic.

Back 34

Shells
Wad

Front 35

What are four types of Repeating Firearms?

Back 35

• Revolvers
• Manually operated rifles and shotguns with magazines containing extra cartridges
• Semi-automatic firearms (the power generated by the fired cartridge causes another cartridge to be chambered after each trigger pull)
• Full-automatic firearms, such as machine guns (firearms which fire continuously as long as the trigger remains pulled and the firearm has a source of ammunition)

Front 36

Since the ____ century, firearms have played a role in the history
and development of Canada. They greatly expanded the range and killing power for hunting. People were willing to trade large quantities of furs for firearms and ammunition.

Back 36

16th

Front 37

Three major parts Firearms?

Back 37

the Barrel, the Action, and the
Stock/Frame

Front 38

Four main parts of modern pistols?

Back 38

Action, Barrel, Grip Frame

Front 39

Manufacturers often put ____ information on the barrel.

Back 39

Cartridge