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30 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Language
A system of communication using sounds or gestures that are put together in meaningful ways according to a set of rules.
Descriptive Linguistics
The branch of linguistics that involves unraveling a language by recording, describing, and analyzing all of its features.
Phonemes
The smallest units of sound that make a difference in meaning in a language.
Syntax
The patterns or rules for the formation of phrases and sentences in a language.
Kinesics
A system of notating and analyzing postures, facial expressions, and body motions that convey messages.
Voice Qualities
In paralanguage, the background characteristics of a speaker's voice, including pitch, articulation, tempo, and resonance.
Vocal Qualifiers
In paralanguage, vocalizations of brief duration that modifiy utterances in terms of intensity. These include volume, pitch, and tempo.
Historical Linguistics
The branch of linguistics that studies the histories of and relationships between languages, both living and dead.
Glottochronology
In Linguistics, a method for identifying the approximate time that languages branced off from a common ancestor. It is based on analyzing core vocabularies.
Creole
A pidgin language that has become the mother tongue of society.
Linguistics Relativity
The proposition that language plays a fundamental role in shaping the way members of a society think and behave.
Code Switching
The process of changing from one language or dialect to another.
Self-Awareness
The ability to identify oneself as an individual creature, and to reflect, evaluate, and to react to oneself.
Dependence Training
Child-rearing practices that foster compliance in the performance of assigned tasks and dependence on the domestic group, rather than reliance on oneself.
Core Values
Those values especially promoted by a particular culture.
Ethnic Psychoses
Mental disorders specific to particular ethnic groups.
Cultural Adaptation
A complex of ideas, activities, and technologies that enable people to survive and even thrive in a certain environment
Cultural Ecology
The dynamic interaction of specific cultures with their environments.
Food Foraging
Hunting, fishing, and gathering animal and wild plant foods.
Neolithic Revolution
The profound culture change associated with the early domestication of plants and animals.
Intensive Agriculture
Crop cultivation using technologies other than hand tools, such as irrigation, fertilizers, and machinery or the wooden or metal plow pulled by harnessed draft animals.
Preindustrial City
The kinds of urban settlements that are characteristic of nonindustrial civilizations.
Signals
Instinctive sounds or gestures that have a natural or self-evident meaning.
Phonetics
The systematic identification and description of distinctive speech sounds in a language.
Morphology
In linguistics, the study of the patterns or rules of word formation in a language (including such things as rules concerning verb tense, pluralization, and compound words).
Grammar
The entire formal structure of a language, including morphology and syntax.
Proxemics
The cross-cultural study of humankind's perception and use of space.
Vocalizations
Identifiable paralinguistic noises that are turned on and off at perceivable and relatively shory intervals. *includes vocal characterizers, qualiviers, and segregates*
Vocal Segregates
In paralanguage, vocalizations that resemble the sounds of language but do not appear in sequences that can properly be called words. Sometimes called "oh oh expressions."
Language Family
A group of lnaguages descended from a single ancestral language.