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5 Cards in this Set
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David Hume
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•no direct experience of creation of the universe... no a posterior evidence to establish whether or not universe was caused
》FALLACY OF COMPOSITION: Falsely asscribing parts of awholeto the whole •Just because each part of yhe universe was caused, does not mean theuniverse as a whole wad caused •Particular attention to 2nd way with Premise 'For evety effect there must be a cause' □? if God is his own cause why cant the universe be its own cause, If god is eternal, why xant the universe lack a beginning •Accoring to Hume: ○cause and effects ARE NOT necessarily linked... BUT even if they are, why cant there be an infinite regress of causes? •Specific mistake: incorrect to LINK two events together (cause and effect) ... HABIT of the mind to make connections (is induction) 》CONCLUSION 'God exists' goes beyond experience.. we cant be certain on something we have no experience of |
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Anthony Kenny
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■Aq 1st way... premise 'Things in the world are in motion'
•Criticise: Principle of nothing moving itself CONTRIDICTS Humans and Animals moving themselves. •Misinterpreted HOWEVER if he was correct, IMPLICATIONS damage 1st way so whole argument wouldnt work. •OTHER KEY PHILOSOPHERS 'motion' for Aq was any kind of change in state not just physical. •KENNY Known for saying 'NEWTONS First law of motion wrecks the argument of the 1st way |
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Bertrand Russel
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•B.R Supported Hume & Developed FALLACY OF COMPOSITION = properties of parts of awhole were falsely ascribed to the whole
•Russels ANALOGY: -Just because humans have a mother doesn't mean the human race (universe) also has a mother •stronger challange raised point: -A necessary being having a category of its own anc questioned where this category came from •BRUTE FACT = Russel emphasised: Could be no reason for existence of the universe. Just be there... A Brute Fact which has to be accepted • DAMAGING: Questions and doubts the whole point of the argument |
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Steady State Theory
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》Against Aq 3rd way (related to contingency and necessary existance)
◆provides SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION ◆Undermines CA by denying a begining to the universe ◆^scientist accepted energy cannot be created or destroyed only redistributed... therefore universe will always be the samd |
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BIG Bang Theory
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SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION to begining of the universe
》Challenges CA ◆If its considered a spontaneous, random event without reason or cause... Then Aq argument is undermined 》Accepted reason behind the big bang ◆God caused the big bang as his 'First Movement' |
