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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What can you use sodium hydroxide for? |
- an important alkali - used to make soaps, detergents, paper and textiles - is used as a domestic drain cleaner - is a corrosive substance |
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What can hydrogen be used for? |
- a flammable gas - is used in processing hydrocarbon fuels, making margarine and making ammonia in the Haber process - will be used as a clean fuel in the future |
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What can chlorine be used for? |
- can be used as a bleach - can be used to kill bacteria in drinking water - this has controlled many diseases in humans around the world - a toxic gas |
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How do Earth's tectonic plates move? |
Convection currents |
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What is salt used for? |
- food industry - a source of chemicals - treat icy roads |
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What is electrolysis? |
Electrolysis is when an electric current is used to split up a liquid or dissolved compound (electrolyte) |
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What are alkalis used for? |
- making chemicals that bind dyes to cloth - neutralising acidic soils - making soaps from fat and oils - making glass |
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How can salt be obtained? |
- evaporating seawater - underground salt deposits |
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How can extracting salt be bad for the environment? |
- can lead to underground subsiding - salt waste can affect plants & animals by drying them up through the process of osomis |
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What happened in the early attempts of making alkalis? |
- lots of acidic hydrogen chloride gas released - Large waste heaps were made - the waste heaps decomposed to toxic, foul smelling hydrogen sulphide gas |
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How are underground salt deposits extracted? |
- mining the solid - pumping water into salt deposit & extracting the solution of salt (called brine) |
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What can a high amount of salt consumption lead to? |
- high blood pressure - other circulatory conditions |
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How was the surface of the Earth changed? |
- mountain building - erosion - sedimentation - dissolving - evaporation |
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How can we know about the previous landscape of the earth? |
Sedimentary rocks |
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How is the theory of convection currents supported? |
- Similar rocks have been found on opposite sides of the Atlantic - The continents that we see today seem as they fit together |
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What clues do sedimentary rocks often contain that suggest how they were formed? |
- fossils and the presence of shell fragments - ripple patterns on sediments that settled on the bottom of the sea or a river - the shape of water borne grains compared with air blown grains |
