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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what do the following state symbols mean:
(s) (l) (g) (aq) |
(s) = solid
(l) = liquid (g) = gas (aq) = aqueous or water solution |
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describe how to make a salt from an insoluble base
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add insoluble base until no more reacts (an excess). filter to remove the unreacted base. evaporate the solution to yield crystals of the salt product.
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what is a base?
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a substance that can neutralise an acid
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describe how to make a salt from a soluble base?
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measure 25ml of acid into a beaker. add some universal indicator. carefully add the alkali with stirring, until the solution is neutral, record how much alkali was used (eg 27ml). repeat the procedure without the indicator. evaporate the solution to leave crystals of the salt
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what is the name of the salt produced when hydrochloric acid reacts with potassium hydroxide?
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potassium chloride
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caesium carbonate and nitric acid react to produce....
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caesium nitrate
carbon dioxide and water |
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which ions make a solution acidic?
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hydrogen ions, H+(aq)
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which ions make a solution alkali?
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hydroxide ions, OH-(aq)
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describe how to make an insoluble salt
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mix solutions of soluble acid and soluble base. filter the resultant precipitate. wash the solid with water to remove any unreacted water soluble reactants. dry the solid overnight or in an oven.
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what is a precipitate?
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a solid that forms in a reaction.
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what colours typically represent the following:
acid neutral alkali |
acid = red
neutral = green / yellow alkali = blue / purple |
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what pH number is associated with the following:
strong acid neutral strong alkali |
strong acid = 1
neutral = 7 strong alkali = 14 |
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what is the ionic equation for a neutralisation reaction?
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H+(aq) + OH-(aq) --> H2O(l)
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what combination(s) of acid and base could produce the salt ammonium nitrate?
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base = ammonia
acid = nitric acid |
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what combination(s) of acid and base could produce the salt sodium sulphate?
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base = sodium or sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate or sodium oxide
acid = sulphuric acid |
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what is an important use of ammonium salts
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fertilisers
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