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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atoms cannot... |
Be created or destroyed. |
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All atoms of an element are... |
Identical. |
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All Matter is made from... |
Atoms. |
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Different elements contain... |
Different types of atoms. |
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Define atom. |
The smallest particle of a chemical element that can exist. |
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Describe the structure of an atom. |
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Name the particles in an atom. |
Proton, Neutron, Electron. |
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A term that includes both protons and neutrons is... |
Sub-Atomic particles. |
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What are the charges and relative masses of these particles? |
E= 1/1840 |
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How do you calculate the number of electrons? |
Number of protons=Number of Electrons=Atomic Number |
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What is the mass number? |
Number of protons+ Number of Nuetrons |
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Protons are _________ charged sub-atomic particles, found in the ______(_______) of an atom. |
Positively, Centre (Nucleus). |
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Electrons are __________ charged. |
Negatively. |
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They orbit around the _______ of an atom. |
Nucleus. |
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Neutrons are _______, they are neither positively nor negatively charged. |
Neutral. |
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Where are Neutrons found? |
In the nucleus of an atom. |
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What are the 8 things we can use to create a profile for an atom? |
Name, Atomic Number, Atomic Mass, Protons, Electrons, Neutrons, Electron Arrangement and a dot n cross diagram. |
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What do the numbers on an Element in the periodic table mean? |
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Group= |
Last Number of Electron Arrangement |
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Period= |
Number of shells. |
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Define Ion. |
An Ion is an atom, or group of atoms, that has gained or lost electrons and become electrically charged. |
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Define Isotopes. |
Atoms with added neutrons. |
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Define Ionic Bonding. |
Ionic bonding is the complete transfer of electrons between atoms. It is a type of chemical bond that creates 2 oppositely charged ions. Metal becomes positive by giving away. Non-Metal accepts these electrons and becomes negatively charged. |
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What does Ionic bonding happen between? |
Metals and Non-Metals. |
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Recall a diagram that shows ionic bonding. |
Na => Na+ Cl=> Cl- ADD SQ. BRACKETS AROUND THE IONS. DRAW Na AS CROSSES. |
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Losing Electrons... Gaining Electrons... |
Becomes Positive. (---=+) Becomes Negative. (+-=-) |
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To quickly calculate the number of atoms required in a compound for the charges to cancel each other out,... |
Swap the (small) top numbers and the make them into (small) bottom numbers |
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What does Iron (III) mean? |
Fe +3 |
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Atoms aim to... |
have their outermost shell filled. |
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Define Covalent bonding. |
A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. This creates a stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces. |
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What elements does Covalent bonding happen between? |
Non-Metals and other Non-Metals. |
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What does not need to be shown in diagrams of covalent bonding? |
The inner shells as they never change. Only the outermost shell needs to be shown.W |
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What is an alternative way to show Covalent Bonding? |
And/or dot n cross diagrams. |
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What if there are several pairs of shared electrons? |
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Recall the diagram for Ethane |
C2H6 |
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When a covalent substance boils, are the covalent bonds broken? |
Nope. |
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What forces are disrupted when a covalent substance boils? |
Intermolecular forces. |
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What Word can be used to describe these forces? |
Weak. |
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What does this mean? |
It doesn't take a lot of energy to disrupt them. |
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Covalent compound generally have ___ boiling and melting points. |
Low. |
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When an ionic substance melts or boils the strong _____________ attractions between ions have to be broken. |
Electrostatic. |
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This takes quite a lot of energy, so ionic compounds generally have ____ melting and boiling points. |
High. |
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Which type of compound conducts electricity when molten? |
Ionic. |
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Why do Ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten? |
Because the ions are free to move. |
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Which type of compound dissolves easiest in water? |
Ionic. |
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Atomic Number= |
Number of Protons. |
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Isotopes are... |
Varieties of an element which have the same atomic number but different mass numbers. |
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The mass number is always... |
Th bigger number. |
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No 2 elements share the same... |
Atomic Number. |
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Recall the diagram for Ionic Lattice. Why is it called a giant Ionic Lattice? |
It is called a lattice because it is organised in a regular repetitive way. It is sometimes called giant because it is repeated many times. |
