C188 Week 1 - Definitions

Front 1

GI Science - Cartography

Back 1

analysis, design, visualization, and generation of various forms of maps

Front 2

GI Science - Cog Sci

Back 2

How do people think about their geographic surroundings (implications navigation systems)

Front 3

GI Science - Comp Sci

Back 3

spatial databases, computational geometry, spatial reasoning, digital libraries

Front 4

GI Science - Geodetic Sci

Back 4

Methods for determining precise positions on earth's surface (e.g. GPS)

Front 5

GI Science - Law and Public Policy

Back 5

Ownership of spatial data
Access to govt's geographic data
Ethical use of databases
Personal privacy

Front 6

GI Science - Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry

Back 6

Images acquired from a distance. Methods for detecting features, est. precise position, etc.

Front 7

GI Science - Statistics

Back 7

Accuracy of geographic information; uncertainties associated w/ coarse-scale maps

Front 8

GI System - Class Definition

Back 8

Method, plan, or procedure w/ operational rules to establish order and and assemble a set or arrangement of data (of spatial nature)

Front 9

GI System - USGS Definition

Back 9

Computer system capable of assembling, storing, manipulating, and displaying geographically referenced information (+ personnel and data)

Front 10

Data Flood - source

Back 10

New technologies (can't keep pace w/ flood of information from GPS, remote-sensing)

Front 11

Vector Model

Back 11

Displays graphical data as points, lines or curves, or areas with attributes

Front 12

Relationship between points, lines and polygons

Back 12

Each point has unique location
Points can form a line
Points and lines can scribe a polygon

Front 13

Raster Model

Back 13

Displays, locates, and stores graphical data by using a matrix or grid of cells

Front 14

Features of Raster Cells

Back 14

Grid IDed by row and column #
Area of each cells defines spatial resolution
Cells labeled according to content

Front 15

TINs - Triangulated Irregular Network

Back 15

For 3D Imaging - A surface representation derived from irregularly spaced points and breakline features. Each sample point has an x, y coordinate and a z value or surface value.

Front 16

Natural Environment Bounding

Back 16

Fuzzy, often have width, and can be considered zones

Front 17

Built Environment Bounding

Back 17

Abstract (exact) barriers (e.g. political districts)

Front 18

Ellipsoid

Back 18

Reference shape for the earth

Front 19

Geoid

Back 19

Undulating earth shape due to differences in the density of the Earth (causes variation in Earth's gravitational pull; dips or bulges above and below reference ellipsoide)

Front 20

Metadata

Back 20

Describes processes used to acquire geographic data (e.g. identity information about specific instance of data abstraction)

Front 21

Geospatial Data - examples

Back 21

Projection/Coordinate systems
Representation models: vect/ras
Spatial scale/resolution issues
Spatial error and uncertainty

Front 22

Polygon Overlay - definition

Back 22

Superimposing layers of geographical data so that their spatial relationships can be used in making land-use decisions

Front 23

Polygon Overlay - Intersection

Back 23

Area of overlap (A.AND.B)

Front 24

Polygon Overlay - Union

Back 24

Combined Area (A.OR.B)

Front 25

Buffering Operation

Back 25

Generate buffer around point or straight line segment

Front 26

Proximity (or neighborliness)

Back 26

Affects potential for interaction

Front 27

Thiessen or Voronoi Polygons

Back 27

Define individual areas of influence around each element or a set of points (kinda like a buffer?)