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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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The selling/buying of a position in a Christian Church.
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What is Simony?
p. 379 |
This led to corruption of Church & State.
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Relating to a style of Church architecture that developed in Medieval Europe featuring ribbed vaults, stained glass windows, pointed arches, & tall spires.
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What is Gothic?
p. 380 |
Ex. of this architecture are Cathedrals of Chartres and Notre Dame.
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The Pope in 1093 who issued a call for a Holy War or Crusade to gain control of the holy land & Jerusalem from the Muslim Empire.
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Who was Pope Urban II?
p. 382. |
Issued the call for holy crusade to regain the holy land & Jerusalem
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One of the expeditions in which medieval christian warriors sought to recover control of Holy land from Muslims.
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What were the Crusades?
p. 382 |
Holy wars between Christians and Muslims.
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In A.D.1187 a Kurdish warrior and Muslim leader who took Jerusalem from the Crusaders (Christians) but later promised to let the Christian Pilgrims visit Jerusalem's holy sites.
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Who was Saladin?
p. 383 |
The Muslim opponent of Richard the Lion-Hearted
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An English King who led the 3rd Crusade to regain Jerusalem from Saladin and after many battles agreed to terms allowing Christians access to Jerusalem's holy sites.
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Who was Richard the Lion-Hearted?
p. 383 |
Saladin's adversary in the Crusades
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A long effort by the Spanish to drive the Muslims out of Spain. By 1492, Granada fell to Ferdinand & Isabella.
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What was Reconquista?
p. 384. |
Ferdinand & Isabella ousted the Muslims from Spain by this.
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A court held by the Church in Spain to suppress heresy or beliefs different from the teachings of the church.
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What was the Spanish Inquisition?
p.384. |
Non-Christians could convert by faith, leave the country or risk arrest , questioning , torture & death
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A system of agriculture around 800A.D. where farmers learned to organized their lands into 3 fields instead of two which allowed two for planting while the third lay fallow gaining nutrients.
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What was the 3-Field System?
p. 387 |
A form of Crop Rotation & conservation agriculture improving food production
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An organization of individuals in the same business/occupation working to improve the economic and social conditions of its members.
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What was a Guild?
p. 388. |
a type of union of merchants in Feudal Europe
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An expansion of trade & business in the Middle Ages w/ developments in Fairs & Towns, business & banking & population growth
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What was the Commercial Revolution?
p.389. |
Period Characterized by economic growth
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Merchant-Class town dwellers who organized & demanded privileges like freedom from tolls & right to govern towns
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Who were the Burghers?
p. 391 |
An organized Merchant Class gaining power in Feudal Europe
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The everyday language of ones homeland used by authors in literature and books.
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What is Vernacular?
p. 391 |
Ex. Chaucer's Canterbury Tales & Dante's Divine Comedy
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In 1200's a scholar who argued that he most basic religious truths could be proved by logical arguement & wrote summer theological works combining Greek & Christian thought.
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Who was Thomas Aquinas?
p. 392 |
Christian scholar promoting basic religious truths combining Greek & Christian ideas.
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Scholars who gathered and taught at medieval universities.
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What are Scholastics?
p.392. |
Intellectuals often gathered at local pubs to discuss matters of higher learning.
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William the Duke of Normandy, a descendant of Vikings who claimed the English Crown & invaded England with his Norman army
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William the Conqueror
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Increased England's territory in France by his marriage to Eleanor of Acquitaine making him a Vassal to the French King & King of England also.
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Henry II
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a unified body of law from centuries of Case rulings by England's royal judges; a foundation of the U.S. Legal System
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Common Law
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"Great Charter" ; a legal document reluctantly sighed by King John in AD 1215, that guaranteed basic political rights to Nobles under English law.
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Magna Carta
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the law-making body of England formed by Edward I in 1295 formed from 2 Burgesses & 2 Knights from each borough
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Model Parliament
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ruled Frenc territory that included Paris, France, starting the Capetian Dynasty of French Kings from 987-1328
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Hugh Capet
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a Capetian King who took back Normandy & increased territory of France and appointed Bishops as tax collectors
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Philip II of France or Philip Augustus
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an English theologian who preached that Jesus Christ, not the Pope, was the true head of the Church & the Bible alone was the final authority of Christain life, translating the Bible into English from Latin
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John Wycliffe
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a Bohemian Professor who taught that the authority of the Bible was higher than that of the Pope; was excommunicated in 1412, seized by the Church, tried as a heretic and burned at the stake in 1415.
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Jan Hus
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a 13 yr. old French peasant girl who in 1429, felt moved by God to rescue France from its English conquerors ; helped restore Charles to the throne at Riems in 1429, but was later captured by the Burgundians & turned over to church officials to stand trial for heresy & burned at the stake May 30, 1431.
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Joan of Arc
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