C# Programming Final

Front 1

Computers can directly understand only their native ___________ language, which is composed
only of 1s and 0s.

Back 1

machine

Front 2

Computers process data under the control of sets of instructions called computer _____________.

Back 2

programs

Front 3

The three types of computer programming languages discussed in the chapter are machine languages, ___________ and ___________.

Back 3

assembly languages, high-level languages

Front 4

Programs that translate high-level-language programs into machine language are called _____________.

Back 4

compilers

Front 5

Visual Studio is a(n) ___________ in which C# programs are developed.

Back 5

IDE

Front 6

Visual Basic is a(n) ______________, event-driven language.

Back 6

object-oriented

Front 7

_____________is a programming language that was created by Microsoft specifically for the .NET platform.

Back 7

C#

Front 8

____________is a language for sharing information via “hyperlinked” text documents on the World Wide Web.

Back 8

HyperText Markup Language (HTML)

Front 9

The ____________ executes .NET programs.

Back 9

Common Language Runtime (CLR)

Front 10

Objects have ____________ (also called properties) and perform actions (also called methods or _____________ ).

Back 10

attributes, behaviors

Front 11

__________ models software in terms similar to those that people use to describe realworld objects.

Back 11

object technology

Front 12

W3C

Back 12

World Wide Web Consortium

Front 13

XML

Back 13

Extensible Markup Language

Front 14

OOP

Back 14

Object-Oriented Programming

Front 15

CLR

Back 15

Common Language Runtime

Front 16

CLI

Back 16

Common Language Infrastructure

Front 17

MSIL

Back 17

Microsoft Intermediate Language

Front 18

UML

Back 18

Unified Modeling Language

Front 19

IDE

Back 19

Integrated Development Environment

Front 20

The technique of _________ allows you to create GUIs without writing any code.

Back 20

visual programming

Front 21

A(n) ____________ is a group of one or more projects that collectively form a Visual Basic program.

Back 21

solution

Front 22

The ___________ feature hides a window when the mouse pointer is moved outside the window’s area.

Back 22

auto-hide

Front 23

A(n) _________ appears when the mouse pointer hovers over an icon.

Back 23

tool tip

Front 24

The ____________ window allows you to browse solution files.

Back 24

Solution Explorer

Front 25

The properties in the Properties window can be sorted _______________ or ________________.

Back 25

alphabetically, categorically

Front 26

A Form’s ______________ property specifies the text displayed in the Form’s title bar.

Back 26

Text

Front 27

The _____________ allows you to add controls to the Form in a visual manner.

Back 27

Toolbox

Front 28

Using _____________ displays relevant help articles, based on the current context.

Back 28

context-sensitive help

Front 29

The _______________ property specifies how text is aligned within a Label’s boundaries.

Back 29

TextAlign

Front 30

When an ellipsis button is clicked, a(n) _____________ is displayed.

Back 30

dialog

Front 31

To save every file in a solution, select ______________ .

Back 31

File > Save All

Front 32

Using _______________ help immediately displays a relevant help article.

Back 32

context-sensitive

Front 33

"GUI" is an acronym for

Back 33

Graphical User Interface

Front 34

The _____________ property specifies which image a PictureBox displays.

Back 34

image

Front 35

The _____________ menu contains commands for arranging and displaying windows.

Back 35

window

Front 36

A(n) _____________ begins the body of every method, and a(n) ______________ ends the body of every method.

Back 36

left brace ({), right brace (})

Front 37

Most statements end with a(n) _____________.

Back 37

semicolon ( ; )

Front 38

The _________ statement is used to make decisions.

Back 38

if

Front 39

_________ begins a single-line comment.

Back 39

//

Front 40

_______________, __________________and _______________are called whitespace characters. Newline characters are also considered whitespace characters.

Back 40

Blank lines, space characters, tab characters

Front 41

_____________ are reserved for use by C#.

Back 41

Keywords

Front 42

C# applications begin execution at method __________ .

Back 42

Main

Front 43

Methods _____________ and _____________ display information in the console window.

Back 43

Console.WriteLine, Console.Write

Front 44

_______________ are used to document an application and improve its readability.

Back 44

Comments

Front 45

A decision can be made in a C# application with a(n) _____________.

Back 45

if statement

Front 46

Calculations are normally performed by ___________ statements.

Back 46

assignment

Front 47

The arithmetic operators with the same precedence as multiplication are ____________ and _______________.

Back 47

division /, remainder %

Front 48

When parentheses in an arithmetic expression are nested, the _____________ set of parentheses is evaluated first.

Back 48

innermost

Front 49

A location in the computer’s memory that may contain different values at various times throughout the execution of an application is called a(n) _____________.

Back 49

variable

Front 50

A house is to a blueprint as a(n) ___________ is to a class.

Back 50

object

Front 51

Every class declaration contains keyword ______________ followed immediately by the class’s name.

Back 51

class

Front 52

Operator ____________ creates an object of the class specified to the right of the keyword.

Back 52

new

Front 53

Each parameter must specify both a(n) _________ and a(n) ___________ .

Back 53

type and name

Front 54

By default, classes that are not explicitly declared in a namespace are implicitly placed in the ____________.

Back 54

global namespace

Front 55

When each object of a class maintains its own copy of an attribute, the field that represents the attribute is also known as a(n) __________________.

Back 55

instance variable

Front 56

C# provides three simple types for storing real numbers _______________, _____________ and _____________.

Back 56

float, double and decimal

Front 57

Variables of type double represent __________ floating-point numbers.

Back 57

double-precision

Front 58

Convert method ___________ returns a decimal value.

Back 58

ToDecimal

Front 59

Keyword public is a(n) ___________.

Back 59

access modifier

Front 60

Return type ___________ indicates that a method will not return any information when it completes its task.

Back 60

void

Front 61

Console method _______________ reads characters until a newline character is encountered, then returns those characters (not including the newline) as a string.

Back 61

ReadLine

Front 62

A(n) ______________ is not required if you always refer to a class with its fully qualified class name.

Back 62

using directive

Front 63

Variables of type float represent _______________ floating-point numbers.

Back 63

single-precision

Front 64

The format specifier ____________ is used to display values in a monetary format.

Back 64

C

Front 65

Types are either __________ types or ___________ types.

Back 65

value types or reference types

Front 66

For a(n) ______________ , the compiler automatically generates a private instance variable and set and get accessors.

Back 66

auto-implemented property

Front 67

All applications can be written in terms of three types of control structures ____________ , ___________ and ___________.

Back 67

sequence, selection, repetition

Front 68

The _____________ statement is used to execute one action when a condition is true and another when that condition is false.

Back 68

if else

Front 69

Repeating a set of instructions a specific number of times is called ____________ repetition.

Back 69

counter-controlled (or definite)

Front 70

When it is not known in advance how many times a set of statements will be repeated, a(n) ______________ value can be used to terminate the repetition.

Back 70

sentinel, signal, flag or dummy

Front 71

The ____________ structure is built into C#—by default, statements execute in the order they appear.

Back 71

sequence

Front 72

Instance variables of type int are given the value by ___________ default.

Back 72

0 (zero)

Front 73

C# is a ____________ language—it requires all variables to have a type.

Back 73

strongly typed

Front 74

If the increment operator is ____________ to a variable, the variable is incremented by 1 first, then its new value is used in the expression.

Back 74

prefixed

Front 75

Typically, ___________ statements are used for counter-controlled repetition and ____________ statements are used for sentinel-controlled repetition.

Back 75

for, while

Front 76

The do…while statement tests the loop-continuation condition ___________ executing the loop’s body; therefore, the body always executes at least once.

Back 76

after

Front 77

The __________ statement selects among multiple actions based on the possible values of an integer variable or expression.

Back 77

switch

Front 78

The _____________ statement, when executed in a repetition statement, skips the remaining statements in the loop body and proceeds with the next iteration of the loop.

Back 78

continue

Front 79

The _____________ operator can be used to ensure that two conditions are both true before choosing a certain path of execution.

Back 79

& (conditional AND) or & (boolean logical AND)

Front 80

If the loop-continuation condition in a for header is initially _____________, the for statement’s body does not execute.

Back 80

false

Front 81

Methods that perform common tasks and do not need to be called on objects are called ___________ methods.

Back 81

static

Front 82

A method is invoked with a(n) _____________.

Back 82

method call

Front 83

A variable known only within the method in which it is declared is called a(n) ___________.

Back 83

local variable

Front 84

The _____________ statement in a called method can be used to pass the value of an expression
back to the calling method.

Back 84

return

Front 85

The ____________ keyword indicates that a method does not return a value.

Back 85

void

Front 86

Data can be added to or removed from only the ___________ of a stack.

Back 86

top

Front 87

Stacks are known as _____________data structures—the last item pushed (inserted) on the stack is the first item popped off (removed from) the stack.

Back 87

last-in-first-out (LIFO)

Front 88

The three ways to return control from a called method to a caller are ______________, _____________ and ______________.

Back 88

return, return expression and encountering the closing right brace of a method

Front 89

An object of class _____________ produces pseudorandom numbers.

Back 89

Random

Front 90

The program-execution stack contains the memory for local variables on each invocation of a method during an application’s execution. This data, stored as a portion of the program-execution stack, is known as the ____________ or _____________ of the method call.

Back 90

activation record or stack frame

Front 91

If there are more method calls than can be stored on the program-execution stack, an error known as a(n) ___________ occurs.

Back 91

stack overflow

Front 92

The _____________ of a declaration is the portion of an application that can refer to the entity in the declaration by its unqualified name.

Back 92

scope

Front 93

It is possible to have several methods with the same name that each operate on different types or numbers of arguments. This feature is called method _____________.

Back 93

overloading

Front 94

The program execution stack is also referred to as the _____________ stack.

Back 94

method call

Front 95

A method that calls itself either directly or indirectly is a(n) _________ method.

Back 95

recursive

Front 96

A recursive method typically has two components: one that provides a means for the recursion to terminate by testing for a(n) ___________ case and one that expresses the problem as a recursive call for a slightly simpler problem than does the original call.

Back 96

base

Front 97

Lists and tables of values can be stored in _____________.

Back 97

arrays

Front 98

An array is a group of ___________ (called elements) containing values that all have the same _____________.

Back 98

variables, types

Front 99

The ____________ statement allows you to iterate through the elements in an array without using a counter.

Back 99

foreach

Front 100

The number that refers to a particular array element is called the element’s _______________.

Back 100

index (or position number)

Front 101

An array that uses two indices is referred to as a(n) ____________ array.

Back 101

two-dimensional

Front 102

Use the foreach header ____________ to iterate through double array numbers.

Back 102

foreach (double d in numbers)

Front 103

Command-line arguments are stored in _____________.

Back 103

an array of strings, conventionally called args

Front 104

Use the expression _____________ to receive the total number of arguments in a command line. Assume that command-line arguments are stored in string[] args.

Back 104

args.Length

Front 105

Given the command MyApplication test, the first command-line argument is _____________.

Back 105

test

Front 106

A _____________ in the parameter list of a method indicates that the method can receive a variable number of arguments.

Back 106

params modifier

Front 107

One-dimensional array p contains four elements. The array access expressions for elements are _____________ , _______________ , _____________ and ______________.

Back 107

p[ 0 ], p[ 1 ], p[ 2 ] and p[ 3 ]

Front 108

Naming an array’s variable, stating its type and specifying the number of dimensions in the array is called ____________ the array.

Back 108

declaring

Front 109

In a two-dimensional array, the first index identifies the _______________ of an element and the second index identifies the _____________ of an element.

Back 109

row, column

Front 110

An m-by-n array contains ______________ rows, ____________ columns and ______________ elements.

Back 110

m, n, m x n

Front 111

The name of the element in row 3 and column 5 of jagged array d is _______________.

Back 111

d[3][5]

Front 112

Use the ____________ property of the List class to find the number of elements in the List.

Back 112

Count

Front 113

The LINQ __________ clause is used for filtering.

Back 113

where

Front 114

____________ are classes specifically designed to store groups of objects and provide methods that organize, store and retrieve those objects.

Back 114

Collections

Front 115

To add an element to the end of a List, use the ___________ method.

Back 115

Add

Front 116

To get only unique results from a LINQ query, use the _____________ method.

Back 116

Distinct

Front 117

string class static method _________ is similar to method Console.Write, but returns a formatted string rather than displaying a string in a console window.

Back 117

Format

Front 118

If a method contains a local variable with the same name as one of its class’s fields, the local variable _________ the field in that method’s scope.

Back 118

hides

Front 119

The _________ is called by garbage collector just before it reclaims an object's memory.

Back 119

destructor

Front 120

If a class declares constructors, the compiler will not create a(n) _________.

Back 120

default constructor

Front 121

An object’s _________ method can be called implicitly when an object appears in code where a string is needed.

Back 121

ToString

Front 122

Composition is sometimes referred to as a(n) _________ relationship.

Back 122

has-a

Front 123

A(n) _________ variable represents classwide information that is shared by all the objects of the class.

Back 123

static

Front 124

The _________ states that code should be granted only the amount of access needed to accomplish its designated task.

Back 124

principle of least privilege

Front 125

Declaring an instance variable with keyword _________ or specifies that the variable is not modifiable.

Back 125

readonly

Front 126

A(n) _________ consists of a data representation and the operations that can be performed on the data.

Back 126

abstract data type (ADT).

Front 127

The public methods of a class are also known as the class’s _________or _________ .

Back 127

public services, public interface.

Front 128

_________ is a form of software reusability in which new classes acquire the members of existing classes and enhance those classes with new capabilities.

Back 128

Inheritance

Front 129

A base class’s _________ members can be accessed only in the base class declaration and in derived class declarations.

Back 129

protected

Front 130

In a(n) _________ relationship, an object of a derived class can also be treated as an object of its base class.

Back 130

is-a or inheritance

Front 131

In a(n) _________ relationship, a class object has references to objects of other classes as members.

Back 131

has-a or composition

Front 132

In single inheritance, a base class exists in a(n) _________ relationship with its derived classes.

Back 132

hierarchical

Front 133

A base class’s _________ members are accessible anywhere that the application has a reference to an object of that base class or to an object of any of its derived classes.

Back 133

public

Front 134

When an object of a derived class is instantiated, a base class _________ is called implicitly or explicitly.

Back 134

constructor

Front 135

Derived class constructors can call base class constructors via the _________ keyword.

Back 135

base

Front 136

If a class contains at least one abstract method, it must be declared as a(n) _________ class.

Back 136

abstract

Front 137

Classes from which objects can be instantiated are called _________ classes.

Back 137

concrete

Front 138

_________ involves using a base class variable to invoke methods on base class and derived class objects, enabling you to “program in the general.”

Back 138

Polyymorphism

Front 139

Methods in a class that do not provide implementations must be declared using keyword _________ .

Back 139

abstract

Front 140

Casting a reference stored in a base class variable to a derived class type is called _________ .

Back 140

downcasting

Front 141

A method is said to _________ an exception when that method detects that a problem has occurred.

Back 141

throw

Front 142

When present, the _________ block associated with a try block always executes.

Back 142

finally

Front 143

Exception classes are derived from class ________ .

Back 143

Exception

Front 144

The statement that throws an exception is called _________ the of the exception.

Back 144

throw point

Front 145

C# uses the _________ model of exception handling as opposed to the _________ model of exception handling.

Back 145

termination, resumption

Front 146

An uncaught exception in a method causes the method to _________ from the method-call stack.

Back 146

unwind

Front 147

Method Convert.ToInt32 can throw a(n) _________ exception if its argument is not a valid integer value.

Back 147

FormatException

Front 148

The active control is said to have the _________ .

Back 148

focus

Front 149

The Form acts as a(n) _________ for the controls that are added.

Back 149

container

Front 150

GUIs are ________ driven.

Back 150

event

Front 151

Every method that handles the same event must have the same ________ .

Back 151

signature

Front 152

A(n) _________ TextBox masks user input with a character used repeatedly.

Back 152

password

Front 153

Class ________ and class ________ help arrange controls on a GUI and provide logical groups for radio buttons.

Back 153

GroupBox, Panel

Front 154

Typical mouse events include _________ , _________ and _________.

Back 154

mouse clicks, mouse presses, mouse moves

Front 155

_________ events are generated when a key on the keyboard is pressed or released.

Back 155

Key

Front 156

The modifier keys are _________ , _________ and _________ .

Back 156

shift, ctrl, alt

Front 157

A(n) _________ event or delegate can call multiple methods.

Back 157

multicast

Front 158

Method _________ of class Process can open files and Web pages, similar to the Run... command in Windows.

Back 158

Start

Front 159

If more elements appear in a ComboBox than can fit, a(n) _________ appears.

Back 159

scrollbar

Front 160

A(n) _________ and a(n) _________can display icons contained in an ImageList control.

Back 160

ListView, TreeView

Front 161

The _________ property allows a menu to display a list of active child windows.

Back 161

MdiList

Front 162

Class _________ allows you to combine several controls into a single, custom control.

Back 162

UserControl

Front 163

The _________ saves space by layering TabPages on top of each other.

Back 163

TabControl

Front 164

The _________ window layout option makes all MDI windows the same size and layers them so every title bar is visible (if possible).

Back 164

Cascade

Front 165

_________ are typically used to display hyperlinks to other resources, files or Web pages.

Back 165

LinkLabels

Front 166

Ultimately, all data items processed by a computer are reduced to combinations of _________ and _________ .

Back 166

0s, 1s

Front 167

The smallest data item a computer can process is called a _________ .

Back 167

bit

Front 168

A _________ is a group of related records.

Back 168

file

Front 169

Digits, letters and special symbols are collectively referred to as _________ .

Back 169

characters

Front 170

A group of related files is called a _________ .

Back 170

database

Front 171

StreamReader method _________ reads a line of text from a file.

Back 171

ReadLine

Front 172

StreamWriter method _________ writes a line of text to a file.

Back 172

WriteLine

Front 173

Method Serialize of class BinaryFormatter takes a(n) _________ and a(n) _________ as arguments

Back 173

Stream, object

Front 174

The _________ namespace contains most of C#’s file-processing classes.

Back 174

System.IO

Front 175

The _________ namespace contains the BinaryFormatter class.

Back 175

System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary