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334 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Actinic Keratosis
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Often preceds squamous cell carcinoma
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Addison's disease
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Primary adrenocortical deficiency
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Albright's syndrome
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Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, cafe-au-lait spots, short stature, young girls
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Albuminocytologic dissociation
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Guillain-Barre (increased protein in CSF with only modest increase in cell count)
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Alport's syndrome
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Hereditary nephritis with nerve deafness
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Anti-basement membrane antibodies
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Goodpasture's syndrome
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Anticentromere Antibodies
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Scleroderma (CREST)
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Anti-ds DNA antibodies (ANA)
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SLE (Type III hypersensitivity)
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Ant-epithelial cell antibodies
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Pemphigous vulgaris
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Antigliadin antibodies
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Celiac disease
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Antihistone antibodies
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Drug-induced SLE
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Anti-IgG antibodies
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Rheumatoid Arthritis
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Antimitochondrial antibodies
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Primary Biliary Sclerosis
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Antineutrophil antibodies
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Vasculitis
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Antiplatelet antibodies
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Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic purpura
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Arachnodactyly
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Marfan's Syndrome
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Argyll Robertson pupil
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Neurosyphilis
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Arnold-Chiari Malformation
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Cerebellar Tonsillar Herniation
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Aschoff bodies
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Rheumatic fever
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Atrophy of the mamillary bodies
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Wernicke's encephalopathy
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Auer Rods
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Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (especially M3,promyelocytic)
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Autosplenectomy
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Sickle cell anemia
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Babinski's sign
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UMN lesion
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Baker's cyst in popliteal fossa
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Rheumatoid arthritis
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"Bamboo spine" on x-ray
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Ankylosing spondylitis
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Bartter's syndrome
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Hyperreninemia
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Basophilic stippling of RBC's
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Lead poisoning
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Becker's Muscular Dystrophy
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Defective Dystrophin; less severe than Duchenne's
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Bell's Palsy
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LMN CN VII palsy
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Bence Jones proteins
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Multiple myeloma (kappa or lambda Ig light chains in urine)Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (IgM)
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Berger's Disease
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IgA Nephropathy
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Bernard-Soulier disease
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Defect in platelet adhesion
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Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis
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Sarcoidosis
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Birbeck granules on EM
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Histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma)
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Bloody tap on LP
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Subarachnoid hemorrhage
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Blue-bloater
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Chronic Bronchitis
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Blue-domed cysts
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Fibrocystic change of the breast
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Blue sclera
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Osteogenesis imperfecta
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Boot-shaped heart on XR
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Tetralogy of Fallot / RVH
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Bouchard's nodes
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Osteoarthritis (PIP swelling 2nd to osteophytes)
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Boutonniere deformtiy
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Rheumatoid Arthritis
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Branching rods in oral infection
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Actinomyces israelii
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Brown Tumor of bone
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Hemorrhage causes brown color of osteolytic cysts
1. Hyperparathyroidism 2. Osteitis fibrosa cystica (Von Recklinghausen's disease) |
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Brushfield's spots
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Down syndrome
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Bruton's disease
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X-linked agammaglobulinemia
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Budd-Chiari syndrome
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Posthepatic venous thrombosis
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Buerger's disease
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small/medium artery vasculitis
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Burkitt's lymphoma
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8:14 translocations associated with EBV
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Burton's lines
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Lead poisoning
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C-ANCA, P-ANCA
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Wegener's granulomatosis, polyarteritis nodosa
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Cafe'-au-lait spots on skin
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Neurofibromatosis
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Caisson disease
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Gas emboli
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Calf pseudohypertrophy
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Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy
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Call-Exner bodies
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Granulosa-theca cell tumor of the ovary
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Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy
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Chaga's Disease
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Cerebriform nuclei
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Mycosis Fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma)
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Chaga's disease
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trypanosome infection
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Chancre
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Primary syphilis (not painful)
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Chancroid
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Haemophilus ducreyi (painful)
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Charcot's triad
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Multiple sclerosis (nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech), cholangitis (jaundice, RUQ pain, fever)
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Charcot-Leyden crystals
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Bronchial Asthma (eosinophil membranes)
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Chediak-Higashi disease
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Phagocyte deficiency
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Cherry-red spot on macula
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Tay-Sachs, Niemann-pick disease, central artery occlusion
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Cheyne-Stokes respirations
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Central apnea in CHF and increased ICP
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Chocolate cysts
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Endometriosis (frequently involves both ovaries)
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Chronic atrophic gastritis
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Predisposition to gastric carcinoma
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Chvostek's sign
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Hypocalcemia (facial muscle spasm upon tapping)
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Clear cell adenocarcinomaof the vagina
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DES exposure in utero
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Clue cells
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Gardnerella vaginitis
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Codman's triangle on XR
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Osteosarcoma
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Cold Agglutinins
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae, infectious mononucleosis
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Cold intolerance
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Hypothyroidism
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Condylomata lata
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Secondary syphilis
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Continuous machinery murmur
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Patent ductus arteriosus
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Cori's disease
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Debranching enzyme deficiency
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Cotton wool spots
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Chronic Hypertension
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Cough, conjunctivitis, coryza + fever
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Measles
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Councilman bodies
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Toxic or viral hepatitis
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Cowdry type A bodies
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Herpes virus
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Crescent's in Bowman's capsule
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Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis
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Crigler-Najar syndrome
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Congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
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Curling's ulcer
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Acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns
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Currant-jelly sputum
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Klebsiella
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Curschmann's spirals
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Bronchial Asthma (whorled mucous plugs)
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Cushing's ulcers
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Acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury
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D-Dimers
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DIC
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Depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra
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Parkinson's disease (basal ganglia disorder - rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia)
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Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea
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Pellagra (Niacin, vitamin B3 deficiency)
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diabetes insipidus + exopthalmos + lesions of skull
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Hand-Schuller-Christian disease
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Dog or cat bite
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Pasteurella multocida
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Donovan bodies
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Granuloma inguinale
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Dressler's syndrome
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Post-MI fibrinous pericarditis
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Dubin-Johnson synrome
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Congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (Black liver)
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Duchenne's Muscular dystrophy
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Deleted dystrophin gene (X-linked recessive)
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Eburnation
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Osteoarthritis (polished, ivory-like appearance of bone)
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Edward's syndrome
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Trisomy 18 associated with rocker-bottom feet, low set ears and heart disease
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Eisenmenger's syndrome
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Late cyanosis shunt (uncorrected L->R shunt becomes R->L shunt)
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Elastic skin
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Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
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Erb-Duchenne palsy
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Superior trun brachial plexus injury (waiter's tip)
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Erythema chronicum migrans
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Lyme disease
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Fanconi' syndrome
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Proximal tubular reabsorption defect
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"Fat,female,forty and fertile)
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Acute cholecystitis
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Fatty liver
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Alcoholism
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Ferruginous bodies
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Asbetosis
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Gardner's syndrome
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Colon polyps, with osteomas and soft tissue tumors
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Gaucher's disease
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Glucocerebrosidase deficiency
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Ghon focus
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Primary TB
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Gilbert's syndrome
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Benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
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Glanzmann's thrombasthenia
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Defect in platelet aggregation
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Goodpasture's syndrome
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Autoantibodies against alveolar and glomerular basement membrane proteins
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Gower's Manuever
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Duchenne's (use of patient arms to help pick legs up off the floor)
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Guillain-Barre syndrome
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Idiopathic polyneuritis
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"Hair on end" appearance on XR
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B-thallasemia, sickle cell anemia (extramedullary hematopoeisis)
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Hand-Schuller-Christian disease
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Chronic progressive histiocytosis
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HbF
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Thallasemia major
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HbS
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Sickle cell anemia
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hCG elevated
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Choriocarcinomas, hydatidiform mole (occurs with and without embryo)
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Heberden's nodes
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Osteoarthritis (DIP swelling 2nd to osteophytes)
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Heinz bodies
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G6pd deficiency
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Henoch-Schonlein purpura
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Hypersensitivity vasculitis associated with hemorrhagic urticaria and URI's
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Heterophil antibodies
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Infectious mononucleosis (EBV)
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High-output cardiac failure (dilated cardiomyopathy)
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wet beriberi (thiamine, vitamin B1 deficiency)
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HLA-B27
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Reiter's syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis
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HLA-DR3 or DR4
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DM type 1 (caused by autoimmune destruction of B cells)
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Homer Wright rosettes
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Neuroblastoma
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Honeycomb lung on XR
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Interstitial fibrosis
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Horner's syndrome
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Ptosis, miosis,and anhidrosis
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Howell-Jolly bodies
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Splenectomy (or nonfunctional spleen)
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huntington's disease
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Caudate degeneration (autosomal dominant)
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Hyperphagia + Hypersexuality + Hyperorality, + Hyperdocility
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Kluver-Bucy syndrome (amygdala)
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Hyperpigmentation of skin
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Primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease)
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Hypersegmented neutrophils
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Macrocytic anemia
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Hypertension + Hypokalemia
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Conn's syndrome
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Hypochromic microcytosis
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Iron-deficiency anemia, lead poisoning
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Increased a-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid / maternal serum
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Anencephaly, spina bifida (neuraltube defects)
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Increased Uric acid levels
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Gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome,myeloproliferative disorders, loop and thiazide diuretics
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Intussception
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Adenovirus (causes hyperplasia of Peyer's patches)
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Janeway lesions
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Endocarditis
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Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
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Syphilis - overaggressive treatment of an asymptomatic patient that causes symptoms due to rapid lysis
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Job's syndrome
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Neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality
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Kaposi's sarcoma
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AIDS in MSM
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Kartagener's syndrome
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Dynein defect
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Kayser-Fleischer rings
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Wilson's disease
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Keratin pearls
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Squamous cell carcinoma
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Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules
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Diabetic nephropathy
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Kluver-Bucy syndrome
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Bilateral amygdala lesions
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Koiliocytes
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HPV
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Koplik spots
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Measles
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Krukenberg tumor
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Gastric adenocarcinoma with ovarian metastases
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Kussmaul hypernea
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Diabetic ketoacidosis
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Lens dislocation + aortic dissection + joint hypermobility
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Marfan's syndrome (fibrillin deficit)
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Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
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HGPRT deficiency
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Lewy Bodies
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Parkinson's disease
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Libman-Sacks disease
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Endocarditis associated with SLE
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Lines of Zahn
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Arterial thrombus
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Lisch nodules
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Neurofibromatosis (Von Recklinghausen's disease)
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Low serum ceruloplasmin
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Wilson's disease
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Lucid interval
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Epidural hematoma
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Lumpy-bumpy appearance of glomeruli on immunofluorescence
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Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
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Lytic bone lesions on XR
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Multiple myeloma
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Mallory bodies
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Alcoholic liver disease
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Mallory-Weiss syndrome
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Esophagogastric lacerations
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McArdle's disease
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Muscle phosphorylase deficiency
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McBurney's sign
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Appendicitis
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MLF syndrome (INO)
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multiple sclerosis
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Monoclonal antibody spike
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Multiple myeloma, (called the M protein; usually IgG, orIgA), MGUS, Waldenstrom's (M protein = IgM) macroglobulinemia
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Myxedema
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Hypothyroidism
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Necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis
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Wegener's and Goodpasture's (Hemoptysis and glomerular disease)
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Needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals
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Gout
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Negri bodies
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rabies
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Nephritis + Cataracts + hearing loss
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Alport's syndrome
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Neurofibrillary tangles
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Alzheimer's disease
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Niemann-Pick disease
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Sphingomyelinase deficiency
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No lactation postpartum
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Sheehan's syndrome (pituitary infarction)
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Nutmeg liver
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CHF
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Occupational exposure to Asbestos
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Malignant mesothelioma
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"Orphan Annie" nuclei
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Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid
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Osler's nodes
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Endocarditis
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Owl's eye
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CMV
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Painless jaundice
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Pancreatic cancer (head)
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Palpable purpura on legs and buttocks
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Henoch-Schonlein purpura
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Pancoast's tumor
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Bronchogenic apical tumor associated with Horner's syndrome
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Pannus
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Rheumatoid Arthritis
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Parkinson's disease
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Nigrostriatal dopamine depletion
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Periosteal elevation on XR
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Pyogenic osteomyelitis
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Puetz-Jeghers syndrome
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Benign polyposis
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Peyronie's Disease
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Penile fibrosis
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Philadelphia Chromosome (bcr-abl)
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CML
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Pick bodies
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Pick's disease
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" Pink Puffer"
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Emphysema (centroacinar[smoking], panacinar [alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency]
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Plummer-vinson syndrome
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Esophageal webs with iron deficency
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Podagra
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Gout
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Podocyte fusion
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Minimal change disease
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Polyneuropathy, cardiac pathology, and edema
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Dry beriberi (Thiamine, B1 deficiency)
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Polyneuropathy preceded by GI or Respiratory infection
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Guillain-Barre Syndrome
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Pompe's disease
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Lysosomal glucosidase deficiency associated with cardiomegaly
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Port-wine stain
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Hemangioma
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Positive anterior drawer sign
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ACL injury
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Pott's disease
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Vertebral Tuberculosis
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Pseudopalisade tumor cell arrangement
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Glioblastoma Multiforme
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Pseudorosettes
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Ewing's sarcoma
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Ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis
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Horner's syndrome
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Rash on palms and soles
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2nd syphilis, Rocky Mtn. Spotted fever
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Raynaud's Syndrome
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Recurrent vasospasm in extremities
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RBC casts in urine
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Acute glomerulonephritis
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Recurrent pulmonary Psuedomonas and S. Aureus infections
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Cystic fibrosis
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Red urine in the morning
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Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
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Reed-Stenberg cells
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Hodgkin's Lymphoma
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Reid index (increased)
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Chronic Bronchitis
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Reinke crystals
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Leydig cell tumor
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Reiter's Syndrome
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Urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis
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Renal cell carcinoma + cavernous hemangiomas + adenomas
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von-hippel-lindau disease
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Renal epithelial casts in urine
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Acute toxic/viral nephrosis
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Rhomboid crystals, positively birefringent
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Pseudogout
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Rib Notching
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Coarctation of the Aorta
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Roth's spots in retina
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Endocarditis
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Rotor's syndrome
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Congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia
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Rouleaux formation (RBC's)
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Multiple myeloma
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Russell Bodies
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Multiple myeloma
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S3
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L -> R shunt (VSD, ASD, PDA) mitral regurgitation, LV failure (CHF)
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S4
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Aortic stenosis, hypertrophic subaortic stenosis
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Schiller-Duval bodies
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Yolk-sac tumor
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Senile plaques
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Alzheimer's disease
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Sezary Syndrome
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Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
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Sheehan's syndrome
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Postpartum pituitary necrosis
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Shwartzman Reaction
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Neisseria Meningitis
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Signet-ring cells
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Gastric Carcinoma
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Simian Crease
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Down Syndrome
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Sipple's syndrome
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MEN type IIa
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Sjogren's syndrome
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Dry eyes, Dry mouth, arthritis
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Skip lesions
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Crohn's
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Slapped cheeks
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Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)
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Smith antigen
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SLE
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Smudge cell
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CLL
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Soap bubble on XR
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Giant cell tumor of bone
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Spike and dome on EM
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Membranous Glomerulonephritis
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Spitz nevus
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Benign juvenile melanoma
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Splinter hemorrhages in fingernails
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Endocarditis
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Starry-sky pattern
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Burkitt's Lymphoma
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Strawberry tongue
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Scarlet fever
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Streaky ovaries
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Turner's syndrome
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String sign on XR
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Crohn's disease
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Subepithelial humps on EM
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Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
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Suboccipital lymphadenopathy
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Rubella
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Sulfur granules
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Actinomyces israelii
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Swollen gums, bruising, poor wound healing, anemia
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Scurvy
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Systolic ejection murmur
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Aortic valve stenosis
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t(8:14)
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Burkitt's Lymphoma (c-myc activation)
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t(9:22)
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Philadelphia chromosome;CML bcr-abl hybrid
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t(14:18)
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Follicular lymphomas (bcl-2 activation)
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Tabes Dorsalis
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Tertiary syphilis
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Tendon xanthomas
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Familial hypercholesterolemia
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Thumb sign on XR
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Epiglottitis (haemophilus influenza)
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Thyroidization of kidney
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Chronic bacterial pyelonephritis
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Tophi
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Gout
|
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"Tram-track" appearance on LM
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Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
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Trousseau's sign
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Visceral cancer, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (migratory thrombophlebitis), hypocalcemia (carpal spasm)
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Virchow's node
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Left supraclavicular node enlargement from metastatic carcinoma of the stomach
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Virchow's triad
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Pulmonary embolism (triad=blood stasis, endothelial damage, hypercoagulation)
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Von Recklinghausen's disease
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Neurofibromatosis with cafe-au-lait spots
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Von Recklinghausen's disease of bone
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Osteitis fibrosis cystica (brown tumor)
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Wallenberg's syndrome
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PICA Thrombosis
|
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Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
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Adrenal hemorrhage associated with meningococcemia
|
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Waxy casts
|
Chronic end-stage renal disease
|
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WBC casts in urine
|
Acute pyelonephritis
|
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WBC's in urine
|
Acute cystitis
|
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Werner's syndrome
|
MEN type I
|
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Whipple's disease
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Malabsorption syndrome caused by Tropheryma whippelii
|
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Wilson's disease
|
Hepatolenticular degeneration
|
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"wire-loop" appearance on EM
|
Lupus nephropathy
|
|
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"Worst headache of my life"
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Berry anuerysm-associated with adult polycystic kidney disease
|
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Xanthochromia (CSF)
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Subarachnoid hemorrhage
|
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Xerostomia + arthritis + keratoconjuntivitis sicca
|
Sjogren's syndrome
|
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Zenker's diverticulum
|
Upper GI diverticulum
|
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Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
|
Gastrin-secreting tumor associated with ulcers
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MOST COMMON Bactremia/pneumonia
|
S. Aureus
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MOST COMMON
bacteria associated with cancer |
H. Pylori
|
|
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MOST COMMON
Bacteria found in GI tract |
Bacteroides (2nd most common is E. coli)
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MOST COMMON
Brain tumor (adults) |
Mets > astrocytoma (including GM)> meningioma > shwannoma
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MOST COMMON
Brain tumor (kids) |
Medullablastoma (cerebellum)
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MOST COMMON
Brain tumor - supratentorial (kids) |
Craniopharyngioma
|
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MOST COMMON
Breast cancer |
Infiltrating ductal carcinoma
|
|
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MOST COMMON
Breast mass |
Fibrocystic change (in postmenopausal women, carinoma is the most common)
|
|
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MOST COMMON
Breast tumor (benign) |
Fibroadenoma
|
|
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MOST COMMON
bug in debilitated, hospitalized pneumonia patient |
Klebsiella
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|
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MOST COMMON
Cardiac primary tumor (adults) |
Myxoma 4:1 Left to right atrium
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|
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MOST COMMON
Cardiac primary tumor (kids) |
Rhabdomyoma
|
|
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MOST COMMON
Cardiac tumor (adults) |
Mets
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Cardiomyopathy |
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
|
|
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MOST COMMON
Chromosomal disorder |
Down syndrome (associated with ALL, Alzheimer's, dementia, and endocardial cushion defects
|
|
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MOST COMMON
Chronic arrhythmia |
Atrial fibrillation (associated with high risk of emboli)
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|
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MOST COMMON
Congenital cardiac anomaly |
VSD
|
|
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MOST COMMON
Constrictive pericarditis |
Tuberculosis
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Coronary artery involved in thrombosis |
LAD > RCA > LCA
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Cyanosis (early; less common) |
Tetralogy of Fallot, Transposition of Great Vessels, truncus arteriosus
|
|
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MOST COMMON
Cyanosis (late;more common) |
VSD, ASD, PDA (close with indomethacin, open with misopristol)
|
|
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MOST COMMON
Demyelinating disease |
Multiple sclerosis
|
|
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MOST COMMON
Dietary deficit |
Iron
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
epiglottitis |
Haemophilus influenza type B
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
esophageal cancer |
Squamous cell carcinoma
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
gene involved in cancer |
p53 tumor suppressor gene
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
group affected by cystic fibrosis |
Caucasions
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Gynecologic malignancy |
endometrial carcinoma
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
heart murmur |
Mitral valve prolapse
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
heart valve in bacterial endocarditis |
mitral
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
heart valve in bacterial endocarditis in IVDA |
Tricuspid
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Heart valve (Rheumatic fever) |
Mitral (Aortic is 2nd)
|
|
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MOST COMMON
helminth infection (US) |
Enterobius vermicularis (Ascaris lumbricoides is 2nd most common)
|
|
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MOST COMMON
Hereditary bleeding disorder |
Von Willebrand's
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Kidney stones |
Calcium = radioopaque (2nd most common is ammonium = radiopaque; formed by urease positive organisms such as proteus vulgaris or Staphylococcus
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Liver disease |
Alcoholic liver disease
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
location of brain tumors (adult) |
Supratentorial
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
location of brain tumors (kids) |
Infratentorial
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Lysosomal storage disease |
Gaucher's disease
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
male cancer |
Prostatic carcinoma
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Malignancy associated with noninfectious fever |
Hodgkin's disease
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Malignant skin tumor |
Basal cell carcinoma (rarely metastasizes)
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Mets to bone |
Breast, lung, thyroid, testes, prostate, kidney
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Mets to brain |
Lung, breast, skin (melanoma), kidney (renal cell carcinoma), GI
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Mets to liver |
Colon, gastric, pancreatic, breast and lung carcinomas
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Motor neuron disease |
ALS
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Neoplasm (kids) |
ALL (2nd most common is cerebellar medulloblastoma)
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Nephrotic syndrome |
Membranousglomerulonephritis
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Obstruction of male urinary tract |
BPH
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Opportunistic infection in AIDS |
Pneumocystitis carinii pneumonia
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Organ recieving mets |
Adrenals (due to rich blood supply)
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Organ sending mets |
Lung > breast, stomach
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Ovarian tumor (benign) |
serous cystadenoma
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Ovarian tumor (malignant) |
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Pancreatic tumor |
Adenocarcinoma (head of pancreas)
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Patient with hodgkin's |
Young male (except nodular sclerosis type-female)
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Patient with minimal change disease |
Young child
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Patient with Reiter's |
Male
|
|
|
MOST COMMON
Pituitary tumor |
Prolactinoma
|
