Business Ethics: Exam 1

Front 1

Myth of Amoral Business

Back 1

The idea that the view of ethics doesn't belong in business. People do not act morally or immorally but amorally. "business is business"

Front 2

Descriptive Ethics

Back 2

Consists of studying and describing the morality of a people, culture, or society. Compares and contrasts different moral systems, codes, practices, beliefs, principles, and values.

Front 3

Normative Ethics

Back 3

It seeks to uncover, develop, and justify the basic moral principle or principles, or the basic moral values, of a moral system found in a given society, and more generally and ideally in human society as a whole.

Front 4

Metaethics

Back 4

Deals with the meaning of moral terms, studies the logic of moral reasoning, analyzes hidden presuppositions and brings them to light for critical scrutiny.

Front 5

Hedonistic Utilitarianism

Back 5

the basic human values are pleasure and pain. Everything that people want, or need can be reduced in one way or another to pleasure or pain.

Front 6

Eudaimonistic Utilitarianism

Back 6

the basic value in terms of the calculus is happiness instead of pleasure.

Front 7

Ideal/Preference Utilitarianism

Back 7

maintains that what has to be calculated is not pleasure or happiness but all intrinsically valuable human goods, which include friendship, knowledge, and a host of other goods valuable in themselves.

Front 8

Hedonism

Back 8

the pursuit of pleasure

Front 9

Principle of Utility

Back 9

Base judgments on projected consequences. The greatest happiness for the greatest number.

Front 10

Pleasure/Pain Calculus

Back 10

way of maximizing pleasure and minimizing pain.

Front 11

Act Utilitarianism

Back 11

holds that each individual action, in all its concreteness and in all its detail, is what should be subjected to the utilitarian test.

Front 12

Rule Utilitarianism

Back 12

holds that utility applies appropriately to classes of actions rather than to given individual actions.

Front 13

Naturalistic Fallacy

Back 13

That which is good is necessarily good.

Front 14

Teleology

Back 14

An action is right or wrong depending on the consequences, or the end result.

Front 15

Deontology

Back 15

the study of the nature of duty and obligation.

Front 16

Hypothetical Imperative

Back 16

states that an action should be done if, or on the hypothesis that, one wishes to achieve a certain end.

Front 17

Categorical Imperative (1)

Back 17

Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law.

Front 18

Categorical Imperative (2)

Back 18

Act so that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in that of another, always as an end and never as a means only.

Front 19

Categorical Imperative (3)

Back 19

Act only so that the will through its maxims could regard itself at the same time as universally law-giving.

Front 20

Inclination

Back 20

A person's natural tendency or urge to act or feel in a particular way.

Front 21

Maxim

Back 21

A short, pithy statement expressing a general truth or rule of conduct.

Front 22

Perfect Duties

Back 22

Rigorous and inflexible duties that must be performed and performed to everyone.

Front 23

Imperfect Duties

Back 23

Duties that cannot be specified with the same precision or may not bind with the same rigor as perfect duties.

Front 24

Ethical Pluralists

Back 24

Philosophers who mix their ethical approaches.

Front 25

Ethical Monists

Back 25

Philosophers who only have one ethical approach.

Front 26

Ethical Egoism

Back 26

Perform actions that promote your own long term self interests.

Front 27

Principle of Justice

Back 27

Equals treated equally and people got what they deserved.

Front 28

Descriptive Transcultural Relativism

Back 28

Descriptive account of the way the world is.

Front 29

Ethical Relativism

Back 29

Normative description of the way the world should be.

Front 30

Ethical Subjectivism

Back 30

Reduces moral truths to subjective states.