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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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organizational behavior
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interdisciplinary field dedicated to better understanding and managing people at work
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organizational culture
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set of shared, taken for granted implicit assumptions that a group holds and that determines how i perceives, thinks about, and reacts to its various environments
- passed on to new employees through the process of socialization - influences our behavior at work - operates at different levels |
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observable artifacts
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- consist of the physical manifestation of an organizations culture
- acronyms, manner of dress, awards, myths and stories, published lists of values, observable rituals and ceremonies, special parking spaces, and decorations - artifacts are the phenomenon a person sees, hears, and feels |
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values
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concepts or beliefs that pertain to desirable end states, transcend situation, guide selection of behavior and are ordered by relative importance
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espoused values
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represent the explicitly stated values and norms that are preferred by an organization
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enacted values
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- represent the values and norms tat actually are exhibited or converted into employee behavior
- based on observable behavior |
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basic assumptions
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constitute organizational values that have become so taken for granted over time that they become assumptions that guide organizational behavior
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organizational socialization
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process by which a person learns the values, norms, and required behaviors which permit him to participate as a member of the organization
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corporate social responsibility
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obligations beyond shareholders, bounds of law and contract, and profits
-members teach each other about the organizations preferred values, beliefs, expectations, and behaviors concern businesses have for welfare of society -commitment to fairness, integrity, respect |
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process of culture change
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formal statements
design of physical space slogans, sayings, etc role modeling, training rewards, status symbols stories about key people organizational activities leader reactions workflow/org. structure systems and procedures goals |
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mentoring
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the process of forming and maintaining developmental relationships between a mentor and a junior person
-developmental relationship strength reflects the quality of relationships among the individual |
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improve ethical climate
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-behave ethically yourself
-screen potential employees -develop a meaningful code of ethics -provide ethics training -reinforce ethical training -create positions, units, and other structural mechanisms to deal with ethics |
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ethics
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-standards of moral behavior, that is, behavior accepted by society as right v. wrong
-plagiarism -starts at the top |
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compliance based ethics codes
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ethical standards that emphasize preventing unlawful heavier by increasing control and by penalizing wrongdoers.
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integrity based ethics codes
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ethical standards that define the organizations guiding values, create an environment that supports ethically sound behavior, and stress a shared accountability among employees
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whistleblowers
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insiders who report unethical behavior
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corporate responsibility
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includes everything from hiring workers to making safe products, minimizing pollution, using energy wisely, and providing a safe work environment
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corporate policy
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position a firm takes on social and political issues
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corporate philanthropy
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includes charitable donations
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corporate social initiatives
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include enhanced forms of corporate philanthropy
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president kennedy's right to consumers
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Right to safety
Right to be informed Right to choose Right to be heard |
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steps to improve ethics
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1. Top management > code of conduct
2. Employees understand expectations 3. Managers are trained 4. Anonymous communication 5. Outsiders (suppliers, distributors) must be made aware if code 6. Enforced with timely action |
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insider trading
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unethical activity in which insiders use private company information to further their own fortunes or those of their family and friends.
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social audit
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systematic evaluation of an organizations progress towards implementing socially responsible and responsive programs
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socially conscious investors
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insists a company extends high standards to suppliers
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socially conscious research organizers
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analyze and report socially responsible efforts
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environmentalists
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apply pressure by naming companies that don't comply to standards
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union officials
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hunt down violation and force companies to comply to avoid negative public image
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customers
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make buying decisions based on social conscious
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contracts breached = may order
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-specific performance
-payment of damages -discharge of obligation |
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Clayton Act 1914
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prohibits
-exclusive dealing -tying contracts -interlocking directorates |
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Federal Trade Commission Act 1914
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-created FTC and prohibits unfair methods of competition in commerce and deceptive advertising
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Wheeler Lea Amendment 1938
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-gave FTC additional control over false and misleading ads
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Robinson-Patman Act 1936
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prohibits price discrimination and applies to buyers and sellers
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consumerism
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social movement that seeks to increase and strengthen the rights and powers of buyers in relations to sellers
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bankruptcy
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legal procress by which a person business of goc entity unable to meet financial obligations it relieve of those debts by a court
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options of declaring bankruptcy
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ch 7: straight bankruptcy
ch 11: reorganization ch 13: repatment plan |
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judiciary
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branch of government chosen to oversee the legal system through a system of courts
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business law
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rules statutes codes and regulations that provide a legal framework for the conduct of business and that are enforceable by court action
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statutory law
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state and federal constitutions, legislative enactments, treaties of the federal government, and ordinances - in short, written law
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common law
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body of law that comes from decisions handed down by courts; also referred to as unwritten law
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precedent
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decisions judges have made in earlier cases that guide the handling of new cases
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administrative agencies
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federal or state institutions and other government organizations created by congress or state legislatures with delegated power to create rules and regulations within their mandated area of authority
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food and drug administration (federal agency)
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enforces laws and regulations to prevent distribution of adulterated or misbranded foods, drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, and veterinary products, as well as any hazardous consumer products
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public utility commissions (state agency)
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set rates that can be charges by various public utilities to prevent unfair pricing by regulated monopolies (natural gas, electric power)
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state licensing boards (state agency)
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license various trades and professions within a states (cosmetology board, real estate commission)
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maricopa county planning commission (local agency)
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oversees land use proposals, long term development objectives, and other long range issues in maricopa county, arizona
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city of chesterfield zoning board
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sets policy regarding zoning of commercial and residential property in the city of chesterfield, missouri
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tort
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wrongful act that causes injury to another persons body property or reputation
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negligence
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in tort law, behavior that causes unintentional harm or injury
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product liability
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part of tort law that holds businesses liable for harm that results liable for harm that results from the production, design, or use of products they market
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strict product liability
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legal responsibility for harm or injury caused by a product regardless of fault
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patent
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document that gives inventors exclusive rights to their inventions for 20 years
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copyright
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document that protects a creators rights to materials such as books, articles, photos, paintings, and cartoons
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uniform commercial code
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comprehensive commercial law adopted by every state in the united states that covers sales laws and other commercial laws
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express warranties
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specific representations by the seller that buyers rely on regarding the goods thy purchase
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implied warranties
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guarantees concerning products legally imposed on the seller
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negotiable instruments
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forms of commercial paper (i.e. checks) that are transferable among businesses and individuals and represent a promise to pay a specified amount
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contract
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legally enforceable agreement between two or more parties
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contract law
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set of laws that specify what constitutes a legally enforceable agreement
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consideration
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something of value; consideration is one of the requirements of a legal contract
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damages
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monetary settlement awarded to a person who is injured by a breach of contract
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steps in a contract
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1. an offer is made
2. there is a voluntary acceptance of the offer 3. both parties give considerations 4. both parties are competent 5. contract covers a legal act 6. contract is in proper form |
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taxes
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how the government (fed, state, and local) raises money
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income taxes
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tax paid on income received by businesses and individuals - largest source of income for fed gov
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property taxes
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taxes paid on real (business) and personal (tangible and intangible) assets at assessed value
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sales taxes
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paid on merchandise sold at retail level
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excise taxes
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paid on select items such as tobacco & gasoline, also called sin taxes. revenue god towards specific things, i.e. gas -> highway construction
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bankruptcy
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legal process by which ash entity is unable to meet financial obligations and courts divides assets among creditors and clears debtors debt
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voluntary bankruptcy
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legal procedures initiated by a debtor
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involuntary bankruptcy
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procedures filed by a debtors creditors
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