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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Planning
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choosing a goal and developing a strategy to achieve that goal
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SMART Goals
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goals that are specific, measurable, attainable and results-oriented and time-bounded
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goal commitment
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the determination to achieve a goal
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action plan
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the specific steps, people, and resources needed to accomplish a goal
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proximal goals
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short-term goals or subgoals
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distal goals
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long-term primary goals
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options-based planning
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maintaining planning flexibility by making small simultanious investments in many alternative plans
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strategic plans
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overall company plans that clarify how the company will serve customers and position itself against competitors over the next two to five years
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vision
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inspirational statement of an organization's enduring purpose
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targeting
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mission stated as a clear specificc company goal
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common-enemy mission
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company goal of defeating a corporate rival
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role-model mission
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company goal of imitating the characteristics and practices of a successful company
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internal-transformation mission
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company goal of remaining competitive by making dramatic changes in the company
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tactical plans
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plans created and implemented by middle managers that specify how the company will use resources, budgets and people over the next six months to two years
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operational plans
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day to day plans, developed and implemented by lower-level managers, for producing or delivering the products and services over 30 day to 6 month period
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single-use plans
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plans that cover unique one-time-only events
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standing plans
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plans used repeatedly to handle frequently recurring events
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policy
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standing plan that indicates the general course of action that should be taken in response to a particular event or situation
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procedure
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standing plan that indicates the specific steps that should be taken in response to a particular event
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rulse and regulations
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standing plans that describe how a particular action should be performed, or what must happen in response to a event
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budgeting
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quantitative planning through which mangers decide how to allocate money to best accomplish company goals
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stretch goals
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extremely ambitious goals that initially employees don't know how to accomplish
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benchmarking
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the process of identifying outstanding proactices, processes, and standards in other companies and adapting them to you company
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scenario planning
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the process of developing plans to deal with several possible uture events and trends that might affect the business
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aggregate product plans
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plans developed to manage and monitor all new products in development at one time
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product prototype
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a full-scale working model of a file product that is being tested for design function and reliability
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4 Benefits of Planning
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intensified effort
persistence direction and creation of task strategies |
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3 Planning Pitfalls
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impede change and prevent or slow needed adaptation
false sense of certainty detachment of planners |
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Steps to making a plan that works
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Set Goals
Develop Commitment to goals Evelop Action Plans Track Progress toward Goal achievement Maintain Flexibility in planning |
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Types of Plans:
Top |
Vision
Mission |
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Types of Plans: Middle
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Tactical Plans
Management by Objectives |
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Types of Plans: First-level
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Operational Plans, Standing Plans, Single-use plans
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Management by objectives
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a four step process in which managers and employees discuss and select gloals, develop tactical plans and review progress
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3 Special-purpose Plans
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Planning for Change
Planning for Contingencies Planning for Product development |