Bus 784_Chapter 17 Diversity

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Diversity

Back 1

variations in human characteristics that distinguish people form one another

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Primary Dimensions of diversity

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Age, ethnicity, gender, mental, physical abilities, race and sexual orientation

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Secondary Dimensions of Diversity

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Communication style, family status, first language

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Trends of growing diversity

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-more women in workforce
-immigration has reshaped the workplace
-ethnic and racial diversity is increasing
-workforce will continue to get older
-millennials are entering the workforce

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Millennials

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people born after 1980
idealistic, technological savvy, environmentally conscious, globally networked and collaborative
tend to challenge: traditional planning, being told what to do, rigidity in career paths

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Pay Gap

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women and persons of color receive (on average) lower pay than white men do

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Occupational Segragation

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inequitable concentration of a group, such as minorities or women, in particular job catergories

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"pink-collar ghetto"

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sex-typed jobs:
women as pre-school and kindergarten teachers, bookkeepers, dental hygienists, secretaries, etc

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Glass Ceiling

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Ascent of employees (mainly women) blocked by invisible barrier

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Glass Walls

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fewer opportunities to make lateral moves in order to better position oneself to move to the top

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"Old Boys' Network"

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word of mouth to move execs to top positions--excluded women and persons of color

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Equal Employment Opportunity

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promote equal treatment of employees
-prohibit discrimination based on primary dimensions
-government contractors must fix situations with affirmative action plans
-women and men must receive equal pay for same work

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Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act

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6 month time limit will reset everytime a worker receives a discriminatory paycheck. she never received back pay

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Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

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1964
agency charged with enforcing equal employment opportunity laws and executive orders in the US

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Equal Pay Act 1963

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mandates equal pay for men and women for equal work

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Civil Rights Act 1964

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prohibits employment discrimination from primary dimensions

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Executive Order 11246 (1965)

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mandates affirmative action for all federal contractors and subcontractors

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Age Discrimination in Employment Act (1967)

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Protect individuals who are 40 years of age or older

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Equal Employment Opportunity Act (1972)

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increases power of equal opportunity commission to fight discrimination

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Pregnancy Discrimination Act (1978)

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forbids employers to discriminate against pregnant women

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Americans with Disabilities Act (1990)

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Prohibits discrimination against disabled people

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Family and Medical Leave Act (1993)

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requires co. with 50 or more employees to provide up to 12 weeks unpaid leave for illness, care of a sick family member or birth/adoption of child

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Affirmative Action

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mid-60s, governments required by presidential executive order to adopt written affirmative action plans to promote greater on the job equality
-positive steps to overcome past employment practices and traditions that were discriminatory

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Proposition 209 in California

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passed banning/limiting affirmative action programs in public hiring and university admissions

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reverse discrimination

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one group is unintentionally discriminated against in and effort to help another group
-people prefer holistic approach that is focused on personal success, etc

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racial harassment

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ethnic slurs, derogatory comments, other verbal/physical harassment based on race are against the law

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Way to deal with enforcing diversity

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-spread a wide net in recruitment to find the most diverse possible pool of qualified individuals
-identify promising women and persons of color and provide them with mentors and other kinds of support
-set up diversity councils to monitor the company's goals and progress toward them

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Diversity Council

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group of managers and employees responsible for developing and implementing specific action plans to meet an org diversity goals
-oversee with CSR Committee

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Bottom-line benefits for managing diversity

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-companies that promote equal opportunity generally do better at attracting and retaining workers from all backgrounds
-businesses with employees from varied backgrounds can often more effectively serve customers who are diverse
-global marketplace demands a workforce with language skills, cultural sensitivity and awareness of national and other differences across markets

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Parental Leave and Family Leave

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parent takes time off to care for child in early time of development

care of family relatives

Family and Medical Leave Act 1993

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Family-friendly Corporation
ie General Mills

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-on-site child care
-flexible work arrangements
-on-site health care, eg mammograms
-emergency child care when other arrangements fall through
-exercise classes through fitness center